基于ADC模型的炮兵指挥信息系统效能评估

ADC模型是一种常用的解析评估方法，其数学过程严格，所获得的效能分析结果含义明确，被认为是有效、通用的模型。利用ADC模型对炮兵指挥信息系统进行了静态效能评估，分析了系统的有效性、可信赖性，得到了评估炮兵指挥信息系统的一种方法。     

Have Emission Control Areas (ECAs) harmed port efficiency in Europe?

Ports in the European Union and North America have enforced environmental regulations on controlling SO_x and NOx emissions from ships in their coastal areas known as Emission Control Areas (ECAs). This study uses two-stage approaches to examine whether ECA regulations impact the efficiency of ports operating in such areas. First, port efficiencies are estimated using non-radial slacks-based measure (SBM) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The efficiency scores estimated by the SBM DEA models are then regressed on explanatory variables, including the ECA factor, and macroeconomic indicators using bootstrapped truncated regression (BTR) models. Panel data is collected on countries in EU ECAs and non-ECAs regarding such input variables as capital and labor, with cargo as an output variable. The results indicate that ECA regulations can harm port efficiency, reflecting concerns of policy-makers and industrial managers: the average efficiency loss from an ECA designation amounts to 0.058–0.066 on a scale of 0–1, accounting for a 15–18% loss from ECA ports’ average efficiency scores.     

Real-time route diversion control in a model predictive control framework with multiple objectives: Traffic efficiency,emission reduction and fuel economy

In this paper, the route recommendation provided by the traffic management authority, rather than the uncontrollable bifurcation splitting rate, is directly considered as the control variable in the route guidance system; a real-time en-route diversion control strategy with multiple objectives is designed in a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework with regard to system uncertainties and disturbances. The objectives include not only traffic efficiency, but also emission reduction and fuel economy, which respectively correspond to minimizing the total time spent (TTS), total amount of emissions and fuel consumption for all vehicles moving through a network. In the MPC framework, the routing control problem is transformed to be a constrained combinational optimization, which is solved by the parallel Tabu Search algorithm. Two representative traffic scenarios are tested, and the simulation results show: (1) The room for improvement in each objective by means of route diversion control is not consistent with each other and varies with the utilized traffic scenario. In the peak hour, the routing control can lead to significant improvements in TTS and fuel economy, while a relatively small improvement in emission reduction is achieved; in the off-peak hour, however, it is opposite, which indicates that routing is possibly dispensable from the aspect of improving traffic efficiency, but is required from the aspect of emission reduction. (2) The conflict among the multiple objectives varies with the utilized traffic scenario in route diversion control. Improving traffic efficiency often conflicts with emission reduction in both scenarios. For the objectives of traffic efficiency and fuel economy, they are not conflicting in peak hour, while in the off-peak hour, the two objectives are likely conflicting, and the improvement in one objective can lead to the degradation in the other objective. (3) Regardless of the scenarios of peak hour or off-peak hour, the proposed control strategy can result in a proper trade-off among the three chosen objectives.     

Airline energy efficiency measures considering carbon abatement: A new strategic framework

In this paper, airline energy efficiency is divided into two stages: Operations Stage and Carbon Abatement Stage. This new two-stage operating framework is a modification of existing ones. Then the model, Network SBM with weak disposability, is presented to evaluate the efficiency of 22 international airlines from 2008 to 2012. The results show that: (1) Most airlines’ energy efficiencies have not declined in the period. (2) The average efficiency of European airlines is higher than that of non-European airlines. (3) Non-European airlines have smaller advancements in efficiency score than European airlines. (4) Most airlines’ efficiencies in Operations Stage are higher than Carbon Abatement Stage.     

When it comes to container port efficiency,are all developing regions equal?

In this paper we carry out a container port performance analysis of the developing world between 2000 and 2010, using both parametric and nonparametric approaches. From a unique dataset – our sample covers 70 developing countries, 203 ports, and 1750 data points–, we examine the evolution and drivers of productivity and efficiency changes across developing regions. We show that productivity growth rates between 2000 and 2010 vary significantly and that this heterogeneity is explained by pure efficiency changes rather than scale efficiency of technological changes. Therefore, we carry out a detailed efficiency analysis to determine the drivers of port efficiency. Time series results show an upward trend for port efficiency in developing regions, as it increased from 51 percent in 2000 to 61 percent in 2010. Our analysis indicates that private sector participation, the reduction of corruption in the public sector, improvements in liner connectivity and the existence of multimodal links increase the level of port efficiency in developing regions.     

双甲板拖网渔船导管桨的设计

针对某型双加甲板拖网渔船导管桨,建立基于底拖网作业渔船工况和自航工况的综合性船、机、桨优化匹配模型,对船机桨进行多重比较优化。采用导管和大直径螺旋桨,并通过生产实践,验证优化设计的高效性,提高拖网渔船推进系统的效率,增大系柱的拖力。     

用离子辐照的快恢复二极管等离子体技术为什么比发射效率降低的快恢复二极管等离子技术好

文章依据较高线电压的扩展比较了具有扩展安全工作区(SOA)的2个4.5 kV二极管.为了改善反向恢复特性,必须降低通态过程中靠近阳极的过剩载流子浓度.为了控制阳极的注入效率,比较了工艺技术的2种状态,即发射掺杂降低和在p掺杂区离子辐照.根据正向低电流密度(如2 A/cm2)恢复时50%的低开关损耗,表明局部寿命控制技术比发射掺杂降低技术更具优势.因此,通态特性一致的器件选择了这种改善.此外,观察到了离子辐照二极管的软开关性能.由校准的计算机仿真提供了用实验方法得到的这种性能的解释.     

阵列振荡浮子式波能转换装置试验

本文介绍了一种阵列振荡浮子式简易波能转换装置,试验证明了该波能转换装置在没有进行二次转换的情况下,不仅保证了波能采集系统的性能稳定性而且提高了能量转换效率,为振荡浮子式波能转换装置的工程应用提供了有益的参考。     

对潜侦察保障效能的模糊综合评价

对潜侦察保障是对潜信息保障重要因素,影响对潜侦察保障效能评估的因素也是多方面的,但这些因素大多具有不确定性(模糊性)。为了反映各种不确定性因素对侦察保障效能的影响,提出侦察保障效能模糊综合评判方法。基本思路是建立一个侦察保障效能模糊综合评价指标体系,基于该指标体系,建立相应的模糊综合评判模型,并给出算例加以验证。分析和计算结果表明,该方法可以较好地考虑到为潜艇指挥机关提供决策依据固有的模糊性,为指挥机关更加客观准确地评估对潜侦察保障效果提供依据。     

基于AHP的电子战装备保障指挥系统评估模型

基于层次分析法的基本原理，利用该方法对电子战装备保障指挥系统的评估建立有关的模型，并进行相关分析，为电子战装备保障指挥系统评估提供一种新方法。