遗传算法在船舶电缆布局优化设计中的应用研究

船舶电缆布局优化是实现船舶布线自动化的一项技术难题,这一问题的解决可节省大量电缆布局设计的时间和费用。建立优化模型,并对传统遗传算法中初始种群的产生方法、选择算子及变异算子进行改进,增加检测操作,从而构造求解该模型的改进遗传算法。仿真结果表明,该算法是一种具有全局寻优能力的布局优化方法,具有高效性、实用性,并可扩展于解决船舶设计中的其它优化问题。     

Database of sail shapes versus sail performance and validation of numerical calculations for the upwind condition

A database of full-scale three-dimensional sail shapes is presented with the aerodynamic coefficients for the upwind condition of International Measurement System (IMS) type sails. Three-dimensional shape data are used for the input of numerical calculations and the results are compared with the measured sail performance. The sail shapes and performance were measured using sail dynamometer boat Fujin. This is a boat of 10.3-m length overall in which load cells and CCD cameras were installed to simultaneously measure the sail forces and shapes. At the same time, the sailing conditions of the boat, e.g., boat speed, heel angle, wind speed, and wind angle, were measured. The sail configurations tested were: mainsail with 130% jib, mainsail with 75% jib, and mainsail alone. Sail shapes were measured at several vertical positions for the shape parameters defined by: chord length, maximum draft, maximum draft position, entry angle at the luff, and exit angle at the leech, all of which finally yield three-dimensional coordinates of the sail geometry. The tabulated shape data, along with aerodynamic coefficients, are presented in this article. In addition, numerical flow simulations were performed for the measured sail shapes and the sailing conditions to investigate the capability and limitations of the methods through detailed comparison with the measurements. Two numerical methods were used: a vortex lattice method (VLM) and a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)-based computational fluid dynamics method. The sail shape database, in association with the numerical results, provides a good benchmark for the sail performance analysis of the upwind condition of IMS type sails.     

T型焊接接头疲劳性能研究

T型焊接接头在船舶与海洋工程结构中广泛应用,研究T型焊接接头的疲劳性能对于提高船舶与海洋工程结构的强度具有重要意义.针对工程中常用的四种焊趾形式的T型焊接接头,利用有限元计算和模型试验两种方法对其疲劳性能进行了研究.结果表明,平面型焊趾是较优的T型接头焊趾形式.     

一种自带能源的观察型ROV控制体系结构

介绍一种自带能源的观察型微细光缆遥控潜水器控制系统的结构和组成.FROV自身携带锂离子电池用于水下系统的供电,同时采用细光缆进行水下、水面系统的通讯.FROV具有水下机动性较好,活动范围较大等特点.     

汕尾市新港大桥桥型方案比选

大跨度桥型方案比选。应在技术可行的前提下,对桥梁的经济性、美观性和创新性进行系统的分析、论证与比较,力争找到一个既能突出当地经济特色、人文思想及价值观念,又能表达现当代桥梁的技术水平及蕴涵未来桥梁的发展趋势的最佳方案。     

振动法测量斜拉桥索力的关键技术

基于振动法测量原理,就影响测量斜拉桥索力的关键因素对索力测试精度的影响作一分析,由此可针对各影响因素提出实际测量中应注意的问题和信号处理方法。实践证明,该方法可有效避免振动法索力测量中不利因素的效应,且得出较好的测量结果。     

无限长电缆单位长度上自感一种新的计算方法

根据导体回路自感的定义,给出了计算"无限长"电缆单位长度上自感的一般计算方法.结果表明:其近似结果与常用的求"无限长"电缆中部附近单位长度上自感的结果相同,故可简单的取其中部附近单位长度的自感作为"无限长"电缆单位长度上的自感的近似值.     

探测电缆老化的光纤直流漏电流法

电力电缆绝缘可靠性直接影响电气化铁道及其设备供电的安全稳定运行.合理选择故障测试设备,准确、快速查找电缆老化故障已经引起国内外专家学者的广泛关注.本文在分析电力电缆老化现象的基础上,探讨当前常用的老化探测方法,提出了光纤直流漏电流探测法,通过与以往的探测方法进行比较,表明光纤直流漏电流探测法能够有效降低环境干扰,提高测量精度.     

公路边坡整饰技术

传统的高速公路横断面设计中,各种边坡形式都由简单的直坡段组成。出于公路对美观、安全、环保等考虑,弧形边坡已被逐渐应用到土质边坡、软质岩石边坡中来。分析了弧形边坡横断面的美学效应及其安全性,基于弧形边坡横断面的几何模型,提出边坡整饰方法,并给出了边坡形式美化设计的一般模式。     

船舶电气安装工艺分析

文章结合在造项目船的作业情况,对船舶电气舾装件的安装、电缆敷设的工艺应用等进行了分析研究,并提出优化建议,以提高电装生产效率.