重大突发公共卫生事件下城市应急医疗物资优化调度研究

针对新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）疫情防控中应急医疗物资调度不尽合理、集配中心中转效率不够高等问题，重新设计了重大突发公共卫生事件下城市应急医疗物资调度与配送体系，并给出了应急医疗物资的分类方法。从医疗物资使用需求和库存估计可使用时间2个维度构建需求点紧急度指标，考虑突发公共卫生事件特征，以加权的需求满足率最大化为主要目标、车辆行驶距离最小化为次要目标，构建应急医疗物资动态分配模型，并通过算例验证了模型的有效性和可行性。结果表明：所构建的模型能够兼顾医疗物资分配的公平和效率，符合突发公共卫生事件中应急医疗物资供给和需求的动态变化特性，确保在物资短时间供给不足的情况下各需求点也能公平获取一定比例的物资；且模型仅要求各需求点上报各种品类医疗物资的使用人数和库存量，同时模型还给出数据缺失时的自动计算办法，可操作性更强；运用紧急度指标对需求满足率最大化目标进行校正，解决了各需求点因需求量差异对公平分配造成的影响，使得应急医疗物资分配更加合理。研究成果结合了新冠肺炎疫情防控中应急医疗物资调度的具体过程，使得分配模型更符合实际需要，可为城市应急医疗物资优化调度提供决策依据。     

关于长沙市轨道交通线网规划车辆选型的研究

介绍长沙市轨道交通线网规划车辆选型的研究过程,主要以现行规范、标准为依据,以客流预测为基地,以运能储备率为评价标准。简化了以往车辆选型过多纠结车辆内部技术参数的问题,方法简单清晰。     

Simulation of dynamic interaction between train and railway turnout

Dynamic train–track interaction is more complex in railway turnouts (switches and crossings) than that in ordinary tangent or curved tracks. Multiple contacts between wheel and rail are common, and severe impact loads with broad frequency contents are induced, when nominal wheel–rail contact conditions are disturbed because of the continuous variation in rail profiles and the discontinuities in the crossing panel. The absence of transition curves at the entry and exit of the turnout, and the cant deficiency, leads to large wheel–rail contact forces and passenger discomfort when the train is switching into the turnout track. Two alternative multibody system (MBS) models of dynamic interaction between train and a standard turnout design are developed. The first model is derived using a commercial MBS software. The second model is based on a multibody dynamics formulation, which may account for the structural flexibility of train and track components (based on finite element models and coordinate reduction methods). The variation in rail profile is accounted for by sampling the cross-section of each rail at several positions along the turnout. Contact between the back of the wheel flange and the check rail, when the wheelset is steered through the crossing, is considered. Good agreement in results from the two models is observed when the track model is taken as rigid.     

城轨交通车站换乘运营安全研究

换乘站是城市轨道交通系统中的关键网络节点，设备设施故障、客流拥堵、运营秩序的紊乱、突发事件等方面都会给车站运营安全带来不利影响。文章分析了车站换乘方式的安全风险要素，着重从车站客流与设施能力动态匹配的角度出发，研究了车站换乘方案分析方法，提出了基于流量平衡原理的换乘设施上的客流动态推算方法，利用该方法，结合实例进行了该车站换乘方案的安全分析与计算，并进一步分析了解决途径。     

城市轨道交通交直流一体化电源成套装置资源共享可行性分析

对地铁车站低压配电EPS(应急照明电源装置)设计及供电系统交直流操作电源设计方案进行了总结。经过对现有EPS与变电所交直流操作电源合并及分开设置方案进行经济技术性比较,综合考虑可靠性、运营管理便利性、系统综合维护成本后,推荐EPS与变电所操作电源分开设置方案。     

The dynamic response of rail support

This research reviews principles behind the dynamic response of rail supports, and introduces a method of analysis to find the maximum response in a realistic setting. Assuming a time-dependent, moving mass with massive wheels is essential, because the ratio of the moving mass to the rail mass is significant. However, the dynamic response of the track is not affected by dynamic properties of the train other than its unsprung mass, because the natural frequencies of the train suspension and track are significantly different. A numerical method is developed to model the dynamic response based on these principles, and applied to the Korean urban transit. The dynamic response includes multiple peaks with a large amplitude range, creating noise while the wheel passes the support. The dynamic impact factor (DIF) for the rail support depends mainly on the stiffness and damping of the rail support. The DIF for the rail moment is below the code value, whether this value is based on numerical analysis or on-site measurements. However, our numerical analysis results in a DIF for support settlement that is greater than the code value, if the damping is less than 3%.     

Mathematical modelling of train–turnout interaction

The paper proposes a mathematical model of train–turnout interaction in the mid-frequency range (0–500 Hz). The model accounts for the effects of rail profile variation along the track and of local variation of track flexibility. The proposed approach is able to represent the condition of one wheel being simultaneously in contact with more than one rail, allowing the accurate prediction of the effect of wheels being transferred from one rail to another when passing over the switch toe and the crossing nose. Comprehensive results of train–turnout interaction during the negotiation of the main and the branch lines are presented, including the effect of wear of wheel/rail profiles and presence of track misalignment. In the final part of the paper, comparisons are performed between the results of numerical simulations and line measurements performed on two different turnouts for urban railway lines, showing a good agreement between experimental and numerical results.     

EVS耦合地层-岩性三维地质建模方法在南宁地铁工程中的应用

为解决地质建模软件Earth Volumetric Studio（EVS）存在的地层建模方法无法对钻孔揭露地层比较复杂的情形进行层序划分，岩性建模方法无法生成连续光滑的层间界面等问题，以南宁市轨道交通3号线青秀山站至博艺路站区间段为研究对象，提出一种同时具有表达复杂透镜体和清晰的地质层面能力的EVS地层-岩性建模方法。通过工程实例将该方法分别与地层建模和岩性建模方法进行对比分析和交叉验证计算，结果表明采用地层-岩性建模方法建立的模型比单独使用地层模型和岩性模型更能反映实际的地质情况，且模型具有更高的精度，模型的相对误差和均方根误差较地层建模方法明显降低。     

海绵城市生物渗滤单元填料对城市道路径流污染物处理效果的实验研究

通过对海绵城市生物渗滤单元几种常见的填料及其在不同配比下对于城市道路径流中的Zn、总P和石油类三种代表性污染物处理效果的实验分析，考察了不同填料对城市道路径流污染物的去除效果。结果表明，河砂的去除效果好于沸石。实验期间，河砂柱对锌的去除率均高于95%， 而沸石柱在通水的前三天内对锌的去除率高于90%，随后逐渐降低。在河砂中适当添加少量砾石有助于在保证去除率的情况下提高其渗透速率， 当河砂与砾石质量比为2∶1时，填充柱的渗透速率达到4 mm/min，同时其对各污染物的去除效果也很明显。     

宁波轨道交通轨道振动预测研究及优化

在轨道交通初步设计阶段地下线轨道减振设计中,对距外轨中心线两侧10~60 m范围内的环境敏感点,往往采用踏勘、工程类比等经验方法进行设计,具有一定的误差。在采用《环境影响评价技术导则城市轨道交通》(HJ453—2008)振动预测模型的基础上,参考北京、上海等城市的经验,研究适用于宁波轨道交通地下线轨道振动预测模型,并采用计算机语言实现预测模型程序化以提高设计效率。在初步设计阶段,振动预测的标准化、自动化,对稳定区间轨道高度,细化概算投资,减少设计反复具有重要意义。