Speed variation during peak and off-peak hours on urban arterials in Shanghai

Increased speed variation on urban arterials is associated with reductions in both operational performance and safety. Traffic flow, mean speed, traffic control parameters and geometric design features are known to affect speed variation. An exploratory study of the relationships among these variables could provide a foundation for improving the operational and safety performance of urban arterials, however, such a study has been hampered by problems in measuring speeds. The measurement of speed has traditionally been accomplished using spot speed collection methods such as radar, laser and loop detectors. These methods can cover only limited locations, and consequently are not able to capture speed distributions along an entire network, or even throughout any single road segment. In Shanghai, it is possible to acquire the speed distribution of any roadway segment, over any period of interest, by capturing data from Shanghai’s 50,000+ taxis equipped with Global Positional Systems (GPS). These data, hereafter called Floating Car Data, were used to calculate mean speed and speed variation on 234 road segments from eight urban arterials in downtown Shanghai. Hierarchical models with random variables were developed to account for spatial correlations among segments within each arterial and heterogeneities among arterials. Considering that traffic demand changes throughout the day, AM peak, Noon off-peak, and PM peak hours were studied separately. Results showed that increases in number of lanes and number of access points, the presence of bus stops and increases in mean speed were all associated with increased speed variation, and that increases in traffic volume and traffic signal green times were associated with reduced speed variation. These findings can be used by engineers to minimize speed differences during the road network planning stage and continuing through the traffic management phase.     

高速公路大型门架式可变情报板（LED）系统探析

通过介绍可变情报板的系统构成、功能、原理，以促进其推广和应用，从而更好地为高速公路安全、高速和畅通的运行提供保障。     

公路规划环评中公众参与框架的设计与实施评价

论文分析了环境影响评价中公众参与的现状和国内外发展的状况以及目前存在的问题，对公众参与在环境影响评价中应用的意义和作用进行了探讨，根据公路规划的特点和环境影响提出了提高公众参与有效性的原则和实施框架，建立了对公众参与过程进行评价的模糊综合评价方法和变权评价方法。研究结果对规范公路规划环评中的公众参与以及保证公众参与的有效实施具有现实意义。     

考虑渗透性变化时的充填粘土袋工程固结分析

充填粘土袋工程的固结过程中,充填土体的渗透性变化较大。利用非线性Biot固结理论,建立了考虑固结过程中土体渗透性变化的固结分析方法。利用该法对设计的某充填粘土袋围堰固结过程进行模拟分析对比。结果表明:考虑渗透性变化时其固结速度远快于不考虑渗透性变化时的固结速度。因此在充填粘土袋工程的固结变形中考虑其渗透性变化是非常必要的。     

矩形截面钢筋混凝土拉扭构件的极限强度

本文依据８根拉扭构件和３根作为对比的纯扭构件的试验结果，按变角空间桁架模型推导出拉扭构件极限强度的计算公式。公式合理地考虑了轴拉力对拉扭构件极限强度的影响作用。概念明确，计算简便。     

逆变电源谐波分析中频谱泄漏等问题的解决

介绍了在逆变电源的PWM调制信号分析中存在的频率混叠，栅栏效应，频谱泄漏等问题，阐述了开发ZPM系列交流传动测试系统时为进行准确的信号分析采用的频率预取技术及零相移数字滤波器软件，用此方法对多种机车进行测试，结果与分析数据完全吻合。     

机车车体结构设计中变元法的应用与研究

变元法是用于机械产品结构设计的一种富有创造性内涵的新方法，是一种系统性的、逻辑性的设计方法，有助于可靠、有效地构造结构设计方案。通过分析机械构造的形状、材料、位置、数量、连接、尺寸和工艺等基本元素的变化，探讨了变元法在机车车体结构设计中的应用。     

简支空心板梁桥采用湿接法拼宽及设计初探

该文介绍了简支空心板梁桥拼宽的常用方法,列举了湿接法拼宽的设计要素及常见问题,并提出了解决问题的方法。同时,对湿接法拼宽后桥梁的横向分布进行了计算分析,通过分析,得出其变化规律及幅值。     

防底板崩裂措施在西沟大桥的应用

大跨径预应力连续刚构桥梁具有性能优良、行车舒适、维护费用低和桥型美观等众多优点,但其箱梁容易开裂、收缩徐变引起跨中挠度下挠、预应力张拉导致底板崩裂等现象也一直困扰着桥梁设计和施工人员。结合西沟大桥的设计和施工特点,对防止箱梁底板崩裂的措施从设计和施工方面进行了探讨,并提出了一些相关的改进建议。