双中间轴变速器副箱主轴的扭矩分析与验证

为提高变速器的承载能力,降低承载部件的失效风险,提高汽车运行的可靠性,对变速器主要零部件的承载能力进行分析与验证已成为变速器设计过程中最关键的环节。文章通过分析并利用静扭试验台架对变速器副箱主轴进行实际工况的加载与校核,进一步探究该部件的承载能力,以确保达到变速器的设计要求。台架试验方法在变速器设计过程中发挥着重要作用,是验证变速器性能的重要手段、     

浅埋小净距大断面扩挖隧道爆破方案设计与爆破振动监测

以重庆机场路渝州隧道扩挖工程为研究对象,通过在隧道施工爆破过程中对邻近隧道、地表房屋等建筑物进行振动监测,应用萨道夫斯基经验公式对现场监测数据进行回归分析,确定爆破应力波在泥岩、砂岩中的传播衰减规律,进而控制不同目标、不同间距情况下每次最大起爆药量,以指导后续施工,保证邻近隧道、房屋等建筑物振动速度控制在安全范围内。     

扶壁式挡土墙墙背土压力分布规律试验研究

以某车站内扶壁式挡土墙为研究对象,在填方路段进行墙背土压力的试验研究。此试验是在挡土墙的扶肋和肋间填土上按照一定的间距安装静土压力盒,进行土压力数据的测试,结果表明:假想墙背的土压力分布表现为明显的非线性,最大值发生在墙体中间位置,合力作用点比库伦理论提出的位置更高。     

白车身静刚度测试方法研究

在现代轿车的设计开发过程中,轿车车身大多数采用全承载式结构,承载式车身几乎承载了轿车使用过程中的各种载荷,因此轿车车身的刚度特性具有举足轻重的作用。文章以某车型为例介绍了如何用试验的方法,较为精确地测得白车身的静刚度。车身刚度不合理,将直接影响轿车的结构可靠性和耐久性、车身安全性及操纵稳定性等关键性指标。通过比较评估测试结果,建立数据库,为今后的研发工作奠定了基础。     

The dynamic study of locomotives under saturated adhesion

In order to study the dynamic behaviours of locomotives under saturated adhesion, the stability and characteristics of stick–slip vibration are analysed using the concepts of mean and dynamic slip rates. The longitudinal vibration phenomenon of the wheelset when stick–slip occurs is put forward and its formation mechanism is made clear innovatively. The stick–slip vibration is a dynamic process between the stick and the slip states. The decreasing of mean and dynamic slip rates is conducive to its stability, which depends on the W/R adhesion damping. The torsion vibration of the driving system and the longitudinal vibration of the wheelset are coupled through the longitudinal tangential force when the wheelset alternates between the stick and the slip states. The longitudinal oscillation frequencies of the wheelset are integral multiples of the natural frequency of torsion vibration of the driving system. A train dynamic model integrated with an electromechanical and a control system is established to simulate the stick–slip vibration phenomenon under saturated adhesion to verify the theoretical analysis. The results show that increases of the longitudinal axle guidance stiffness and the motor suspension stiffness are beneficial to the stick–slip vibration stability and the locomotive's traction ability. The optimised matching of the longitudinal axle guidance stiffness and the motor suspension stiffness are helpful to avoid longitudinal resonance when the stick–slip vibration occurs.     

Engine mount optimisation for vibration isolation in motorcycles

This paper presents a comprehensive model to capture the in-plane dynamics of a motorcycle system to evaluate the quality of its vibration isolation, and the design of an engine mount system. The model consists of two main structural components, the frame and the swing-arm, as well as the power-train assembly, engine mounts connecting the power-train to the frame, and the front-end assembly. The model accounts for frame and swing-arm flexibility using reduced order finite-element models. The power-train assembly is modelled as a rigid body connected to the frame through the engine mounts and to the swing-arm through a shaft assembly. The engine mounts are modelled as tri-axial spring-damper systems, and the front-end assembly is modelled as a lumped mass. The complete vehicle model is used to solve the engine mount optimisation problem, so as to minimise the total force transmitted to the frame while meeting packaging and other constraints. The mount system parameters – stiffness, position and orientation vectors – are used as design variables for the optimisation problem. The imposed loads include forces and moments due to engine imbalance as well as loads transmitted due to high amplitude, low frequency bump loads, through the tyre patch. Since packaging constraints play a significant role in a motorcycle layout, it is, therefore, important to determine the displacement envelope of the power-train under extreme loading conditions to ensure clearance with other components around the power-train. A motorcycle mount system should ideally be able to isolate the frame under steady-state loading conditions and at the same time limit the maximum excursion of the power-train under transient loading conditions.     

SBS改性沥青热储存稳定性评价

采用8种成品SBS改性沥青,根据《公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程》(JTJ 052-2000)中T0661的方法,分别对其进行热储存离析试验;并且采用AR-2000型动态剪切流变仪对不同品牌的成品SBS改性沥青及热储存离析试验上、下部试样进行动态剪切试验,以获取SBS改性沥青动态力学温度谱。试验表明,仅以离析试验上下部软化点差值小于2.5℃来评价SBS改性沥青储存稳定性是不全面的,SBS改性沥青在储存中会产生软化点的升高或衰减,这些同样会导致沥青的使用性能的不稳定性。在温度扫描下损耗因子tanδ是否出现平台区,即是否形成空间网络结构与SBS改性沥青的储存动力稳定性的好坏没有必然的联系。     

钢管混凝土拱桥在移动车辆荷载作用下的振动分析

以某主跨110m的自锚式钢管混凝土中承桁架拱桥为对象,分析了该桥的自由振动特性和移动车辆荷载作用下主跨桥面系的振动特性。计算结果表明:采用单轴和双轴移动车辆模型计算出的桥面系振动特性差别不大;不同车速的移动车辆荷载引起桥面系的振动响应不同,车速快时,桥面系竖向振动的最大位移减小,竖向振动的最大速度和加速度增加。     

汽车电器系统设计计算

根据汽车用电设备不同的工作特性,介绍汽车电器系统设计的计算方法、计算过程,并详细说明设计之后的试验验证方法。计算出整车主要用电器的总负荷,并依据总负荷值对发电机进行选型、校核。应用经验公式对一些简单电路的熔断丝及线束进行计算和定格。为新车型的开发提供设计依据,并提出开发建议。     

聚合物改性水泥基材料对沥青路面面层疲劳性能的改善

通过有限元计算对比分析了普通小梁和复合小梁的应力分布规律,设计并实施了室内重复弯曲试验,得到不同条件下小梁的疲劳寿命,运用回归分析建立了小梁疲劳方程,研究表明聚合物改性水泥基材料对沥青混合料小梁的疲劳性能有显著改善。