深层搅拌法处理软土路基关键技术研究

以深层搅拌法为研究对象,对其特点、加固原理、影响因素及施工工艺等关键技术进行研究。研究成果可以有效地指导深层搅拌法处理软土路基技术的应用,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

含2条软弱夹层的隧道围岩开挖过程破坏模式研究

软弱夹层是山岭隧道常遇的不良地质现象,目前关于多条软弱夹层对隧道围岩稳定性的研究尚不多见,为加强该方向的研究,采用模型试验和数值模拟研究含2条软弱夹层隧道围岩开挖过程中的破坏模式。基于实际工程背景,设计模型试验,从裂隙损伤演变、应力场及应变场变化规律3个方面得到相吻合的破坏模式：首先拱顶受剪应力影响,沿软弱夹层发生滑移,进入塑性区;然后左、右拱肩受张拉应力影响,发生了塑性变形,出现张拉裂隙;接着右拱脚受剪、拉应力影响,进入塑性区;最后左拱脚受拉、剪应力影响,进入塑性区。采用FLAC^3D软件对试验进行模拟,将模拟结果与试验结果进行对比,并分析含单条软弱夹层和含2条软弱夹层隧道围岩破坏模式的差异性。结果表明：数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好;2条软弱夹层的存在会抑制软弱夹层下方隧道的水平收敛;隧道顶拱之上塑性破坏区域与水平面的倾角更小,表现出更危险的破坏趋势;顶拱区域、左拱脚与左中墙连通面应作为不利区域重点考虑;含2条软弱夹层的隧道围岩破坏模式有不同于单软弱夹层的规律,基于单条软弱夹层的支护方案进行设计、施工不能满足围岩稳定要求。     

浅埋不良地质条件下小净距隧道掘进与减振爆破技术研究

研究目的:研究重庆轻轨新郑区间浅埋、上软下硬地层、软弱夹层岩柱等不良条件下小净距隧道掘进和爆破减振技术,保证围岩与支护结构的稳定性、光爆良好效果和地下管线安全。研究结论:(1)洞口回填松软土层浅埋地段采用超前大管棚支护,并对Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ四种围岩段,采用正三台阶、正二台阶预留核心土、正二台阶及全断面开挖方式,配合采用光爆技术,适合浅埋不良地质条件下双隧道净距仅5.8 m情况下小净距隧道修建;(2)小净距隧道爆破中掏槽孔爆破产生的振动强度最大,通过对不同地质段采取预裂光面爆破和预留光爆层爆破两种方法,掏槽眼分别采取五梅花中空直眼掏槽及斜眼掏槽方法,实测地面测点振速1.8 cm/s,相邻洞内边墙衬砌振速11.02 cm/s,爆破振速满足规程要求,且确保了光爆效果,减振爆破技术可行。     

A method of multi-channel reference signals acquiring in broadband ANC

In a flank array on an unmanned underwater vehicle （UUV）, self-generated noise which has broadband and colored spectrum property in frequency and spatial domain is the main factor affecting the performance of weak signal detection, so the technique of adaptive noise cancellation （ANC） as well as physical denoising and active noise cancellation are often used in practice. Because ANC is based on correlations, improvements in performance come from better correlation between reference signals and primary signals. Taking full advantage of the characteristics of flank arrays and the characteristics of information obtained from hydrophones, a new method for reference signal acquisition for adaptive noise cancellation is proposed, in which the multi-channel reference signals are obtained by accurate delaying for a given direction of arrival （DOA） and differencing between adjacent outputs of array elements. The validity of the proposed method was verified through system modeling simulations and lake experiments which showed good performance with little additional computational burden.     

一般n次系统若干细鞍点全积分公式

为了进一步讨论全三次系统的细鞍点量上界问题，给出了五个细鞍点全积分公式，在公式中，令θ＝2πi就得到相应的细鞍点量公式。     

数字相敏检测的一种最大后验概率方法

本文基于最大后验概率估值原理，提出一种新的相敬检测方法。文中给出了判决量的计算公式和所提出方法的数字信号处理器实现结构。计算机模拟结果表明，所提出的方法较Ｓａｍｉｊｅ所提出的正交采样数字相敏方法有更好的检测性能。     

土工织物倒滤层的破坏原因

铺设土工织物作为倒滤层的海滨灰坝,稳定验算应同时考虑坝身内外水位差形成的渗流压力和土工织物与碎石层之间存在抗滑薄弱面等因素。     

Measuring the energy efficiency for airlines under the pressure of being included into the EU ETS

In 2008, European Union (EU) announced that from 2012, each international flight taking off and landing in EU would be given an emission permit. Therefore, the period of 2008–2012 can be regarded as a buffer period for global airlines. Although EU formally decides to exclude non‐EU airlines from the EU Emission Trading System on March 4, 2014, it is necessary to investigate the impacts of the policy on airline energy efficiency in this period. Airline energy efficiency is divided into three stages—operations stage, service stage, and sales stage—and Greenhouse gas emission is treated as an undesirable output of service stage. Two models, network range‐adjusted measure model with weak disposability and network range‐adjusted measure model with strong disposability, are established to evaluate the efficiencies of 22 international airlines from 2008 to 2012. The results show that (i) most airlines' efficiencies have decreased in the period, and the EU Emission Trading System is not effective for the efficiency improvement; (ii) the average efficiency of European airlines is almost the same as that of non‐European airlines; and (iii) the model with weak disposability is more reasonable in distinguishing efficiency differences, while strong disposability is a more reasonable way in treating undesirable outputs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

城市轨道交通弱电系统不间断电源整合方案

分析城市轨道交通弱电系统电源供给方式存在的弊端,论述弱电系统电源整合的概念,对整合的范围提出建议,就常用的整合方案进行分析对比,阐述选择整合电源时应注意的事项。     

大断面软弱围岩隧道防塌方实时监测预警标准研究

研究目的:隧道事故统计分析表明,塌方发生数量和导致的人员伤亡远高于其他隧道灾害事故。在隧道施工中实现塌方前预警,可大大减少隧道塌方危害。而合理确定隧道塌方预警标准是实现软弱围岩隧道防塌方预警的关键,目前国内外未见成功的报道。因此,需要对隧道防塌方预警标准进行研究,以指导隧道安全施工。研究结论:(1)隧道变形量与水文地质条件、施工工法、施工进度等因素有关,目前规范中的标准值不适合直接应用于隧道塌方预警;(2)软弱围岩隧道防塌方实时监测不同于常规监测,关注的重点是拱顶相对于隧道底部或边墙的相对变形,因此采用相对变形量进行防塌方预警是可行的;(3)隧道防塌方实时监测预警基准值要根据目前规范位移限值、类似工程实测位移最大值和所在隧道工程实测数据综合确定;(4)现场试验表明,本文确定的隧道塌方预警基准值能满足隧道防塌方监测预警的需要,研究成果可应用于大断面软弱围岩隧道施工中。