空气弹簧失效对车辆动力学性能的影响

介绍了SYS540H4空气弹簧的特性,通过对车辆正常工况和空气弹簧失效工况建立非线性动力学模型,对车辆动力学性能进行分析,考察了车辆蛇行运动稳定性、动态曲线通过性能及运行平稳性。分析结果表明当空簧失效时,车辆的动力学性能变差,特别是在比较差的线路上要降到很低的速度才能安全运行。     

马来西亚动车组ZUA120型米轨转向架的研制

文章阐述了适用于最高运营速度120 km/h的马来西亚动车组ZUA120型米轨转向架的主要特点、技术参数、基本结构和性能。重点对驱动单元和轮盘制动装置的结构进行了设计,对构架、车轴、车轮、轴箱体、牵引装置等重要部件进行强度计算,对整车进行了动力学性能计算以及相关部件进行型式试验。各项计算结果和试验均满足标准要求。     

FPSO典型焊接节点残余应力试验研究

高强度钢材料对焊接残余应力非常敏感,严重影响FPSO的安全可靠性,因此有必要对FPSO典型焊接节点的残余应力进行分析研究.文中选取能代表FPSO典型焊接结构形式的一种焊接节点进行试验研究,采用X射线无损检测法,对典型焊接节点的残余应力进行试验测量.根据试验测量结果,分析了FPSO典型焊接节点的残余应力分布规律.     

简支组合曲梁与简支组合直梁上焊钉剪力比较

采用ANSYS有限元程序计算了不同荷载、不同焊钉布置形式下简支组合曲梁和简支组合直梁的受力,比较焊钉在组合曲梁和组合直梁中的剪力分布.组合曲梁的焊钉与组合直梁相比,不仅有切向剪力还有法向剪力,法向剪力沿梁长度方向是在梁中间大两端小.当组合曲梁布置单排焊钉时,可以忽略法向剪力分量,用焊钉切向剪力近似代替其总剪力是可行的.当组合曲梁布置双排焊钉时,同一截面的内、外侧两排焊钉受力不均匀,外侧焊钉剪力平均值是内侧焊钉剪力平均值2.52倍以上,在设计时需注意.     

Wear/comfort Pareto optimisation of bogie suspension

Pareto optimisation of bogie suspension components is considered for a 50 degrees of freedom railway vehicle model to reduce wheel/rail contact wear and improve passenger ride comfort. Several operational scenarios including tracks with different curve radii ranging from very small radii up to straight tracks are considered for the analysis. In each case, the maximum admissible speed is applied to the vehicle. Design parameters are categorised into two levels and the wear/comfort Pareto optimisation is accordingly accomplished in a multistep manner to improve the computational efficiency. The genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to perform the multi-objective optimisation. Two suspension system configurations are considered, a symmetric and an asymmetric in which the primary or secondary suspension elements on the right- and left-hand sides of the vehicle are not the same. It is shown that the vehicle performance on curves can be significantly improved using the asymmetric suspension configuration. The Pareto-optimised values of the design parameters achieved here guarantee wear reduction and comfort improvement for railway vehicles and can also be utilised in developing the reference vehicle models for design of bogie active suspension systems.     

Hunting stability analysis of high-speed train bogie under the frame lateral vibration active control

In this paper, we study a multi-objective optimal design of three different frame vibration control configurations and compare their performances in improving the lateral stability of a high-speed train bogie. The existence of the time-delay in the control system and its impact on the bogie hunting stability are also investigated. The continuous time approximation method is used to approximate the time-delay system dynamics and then the root locus curves of the system before and after applying control are depicted. The analysis results show that the three control cases could improve the bogie hunting stability effectively. But the root locus of low- frequency hunting mode of bogie which determinates the system critical speed is different, thus affecting the system stability with the increasing of speed. Based on the stability analysis at different bogie dynamics parameters, the robustness of the control case (1) is the strongest. However, the case (2) is more suitable for the dynamic performance requirements of bogie. For the case (1), the time-delay over 10?ms may lead to instability of the control system which will affect the bogie hunting stability seriously. For the case (2) and (3), the increasing time-delay reduces the hunting stability gradually over the high-speed range. At a certain speed, such as 200?km/h, an appropriate time-delay is favourable to the bogie hunting stability. The mechanism is proposed according to the root locus analysis of time-delay system. At last, the nonlinear bifurcation characteristics of the bogie control system are studied by the numerical integration methods to verify the effects of these active control configurations and the delay on the bogie hunting stability.     

新型镦边纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节疲劳性能试验（双语出版）

为了提高正交异性钢桥面板纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节的疲劳性能,提出了一种新型镦边纵肋与顶板连接构造细节,该构造细节通过局部镦厚与顶板连接部位的纵肋腹板,增大连接焊缝截面尺寸和局部刚度,从而减小该焊缝连接部位的应力集中程度,以实现提高纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节的疲劳性能的目的。作为一种新型焊接构造细节,其实际疲劳破坏模式和疲劳抗力均有待研究确定,为验证这一新型构造细节在改善纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节疲劳性能方面的有效性并确定其实际疲劳破坏模式和疲劳抗力,设计2组共7个足尺节段模型进行疲劳试验,对新型镦边纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节和传统纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节进行对比试验和理论研究。研究结果表明：控制2类构造细节的主导疲劳破坏模式均为萌生于焊根、沿顶板开裂的疲劳破坏模式;该疲劳破坏模式下新型镦边纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节和传统纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节的疲劳性能基本一致,新型镦边纵肋与顶板焊接构造细节对于该疲劳破坏模式下的实际疲劳性能无明显的改善效果;切口应力法适用于该构造细节焊根的疲劳性能评估,从便于工程应用的角度考虑,距离顶板焊趾5 mm处的应力值亦可作为纵肋与顶板焊接细节疲劳性能评估的依据。     

重庆鹅公岩轨道专用桥索梁锚固结构精细化分析

悬索桥中的钢锚箱是连接钢梁和缆索的重要构件,必须保证在最不利情况下钢锚箱不发生破坏.对重庆鹅公岩自锚式悬索桥主梁钢锚箱进行了局部精细化应力分析,尤其对钢锚箱与箱梁边腹板焊接部位的焊缝应力和边腹板的层状撕裂可能性进行了详细分析;对明显影响连接焊缝应力和边腹板层状撕裂的因素进行了参数优化分析,并确定了最优板件尺寸.     

转向架在线监测与诊断系统在青岛地铁的应用

城市轨道交通地铁车辆的转向架是列车运行的重要系统,轴箱轴承和轮对是转向架的关键部件,其运行状态直接影响乘车舒适度及行车安全.而地铁运维部门在地铁车辆的日常检修过程中,难于掌握轴承的温度、振动、轻微磨损等情况,往往根据轴承设计使用寿命进行预防性更换,既造成运用状态良好轴承的浪费,又存在寿命周期内磨损等运营安全风险.以青岛...     

耐候钢及其焊接节点大气腐蚀经时演化预测方法

为了给解决耐候钢桥在应用和发展中所面临的腐蚀问题提供理论方法与对策，针对耐候钢在大气环境中的腐蚀损伤演化特性，通过编制MATLAB程序，建立了基于三维元胞自动机技术的耐候钢焊接节点大气腐蚀经时演化模型。该模型根据耐候钢在大气腐蚀过程中发生的化学反应，将大气腐蚀系统中的关键元素抽象成4种元胞类型，并离散成元胞网格。对母材和焊缝分别定义了不同的元胞邻居类型，模拟了耐候钢焊接节点代表性体元在介观尺度上的腐蚀演化过程，并通过大气暴露试验验证了所提出方法的可行性和有效性，揭示了耐候钢焊接节点腐蚀动力学及蚀坑演化规律，分析了溶解氧浓度和溶解概率对腐蚀损伤的影响。在此基础上提出了耐候钢大气腐蚀经时演化预测方法。研究结果表明：所提出的耐候钢焊接节点经时演化模型稳定可靠，演化规律合理，当时间尺度和空间尺度分别设置为0.2年和100μm时，模拟结果与大气暴露试验数据吻合良好；耐候钢焊接节点的腐蚀损伤主要由溶解概率和溶解氧浓度决定，平均腐蚀深度随溶解概率和溶解氧浓度的增加而增大。所提出的耐候钢大气腐蚀演化预测方法能够较为准确地再现研究对象的大气腐蚀过程，描述和识别研究对象在大气中的腐蚀动力学、腐蚀形态和蚀坑...