Carbody elastic vibrations of high-speed vehicles caused by bogie hunting instability

In particular locations of the high-speed track, the worn wheel profile matched up with the worn rail profile will lead to an extremely high-conicity wheel–rail contact. Consequently, the bogie hunting instability arises, which further results in the so-called carbody shaking phenomenon. In this paper, the carbody elastic vibrations of a high-speed vehicle in service are firstly introduced. Modal tests are conducted to identity the elastic modes of the carbody. The ride comfort and running safety indices for the tested vehicle are evaluated. The rigid–flexible coupling dynamic model for the high-speed passenger car is then developed by using the FE and MBS coupling approach. The rail profiles in those particular locations are measured and further integrated into the simulation model to reproduce the bogie hunting and carbody elastic vibrations. The effects of wheel and rail wear on the vehicle system response, e.g. wheelset bifurcation graph and carbody vibrations, are studied. Two improvement measures, including the wheel profile modification and rail grinding, are proposed to provide possible solutions. It is found that the wheel–rail contact conicity can be lowered by decreasing wheel flange thickness or grinding rail corner, which is expected to improve the bogie hunting stability under worn rail and worn wheel conditions. The carbody elastic vibrations caused by bogie hunting instability can be further restrained.     

Further study on the wheel–rail impact response induced by a single wheel flat: the coupling effect of strain rate and thermal stress

A comprehensive dynamic finite-element simulation method was proposed to study the wheel–rail impact response induced by a single wheel flat based on a 3-D rolling contact model, where the influences of the structural inertia, strain rate effect of wheel–rail materials and thermal stress due to the wheel–rail sliding friction were considered. Four different initial conditions (i.e. pure mechanical loading plus rate-independent, pure mechanical loading plus rate-dependent, thermo-mechanical loading plus rate-independent, and thermo-mechanical loading plus rate-dependent) were involved into explore the corresponding impact responses in term of the vertical impact force, von-Mises equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain and shear stress. Influences of train speed, flat length and axle load on the flat-induced wheel–rail impact response were discussed, respectively. The results indicate that the maximum thermal stresses are occurred on the tread of the wheel and on the top surface of the middle rail; the strain rate hardening effect contributes to elevate the von-Mises equivalent stress and restrain the plastic deformation; and the initial thermal stress due to the sliding friction will aggravate the plastic deformation of wheel and rail. Besides, the wheel–rail impact responses (i.e. impact force, von-Mises equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain, and XY shear stress) induced by a flat are sensitive to the train speed, flat length and axle load.     

A locomotive–track coupled vertical dynamics model with gear transmissions

A gear transmission system is a key element in a locomotive for the transmission of traction or braking forces between the motor and the wheel–rail interface. Its dynamic performance has a direct effect on the operational reliability of the locomotive and its components. This paper proposes a comprehensive locomotive–track coupled vertical dynamics model, in which the locomotive is driven by axle-hung motors. In this coupled dynamics model, the dynamic interactions between the gear transmission system and the other components, e.g. motor and wheelset, are considered based on the detailed analysis of its structural properties and working mechanism. Thus, the mechanical transmission system for power delivery from the motor to the wheelset via gear transmission is coupled with a traditional locomotive–track dynamics system via the wheel–rail contact interface and the gear mesh interface. This developed dynamics model enables investigations of the dynamic performance of the entire dynamics system under the excitations from the wheel–rail contact interface and/or the gear mesh interface. Dynamic interactions are demonstrated by numerical simulations using this dynamics model. The results indicate that both of the excitations from the wheel–rail contact interface and the gear mesh interface have a significant effect on the dynamic responses of the components in this coupled dynamics system.     

转换轨及轮径校准对全自动驾驶地铁出入线平纵断面设计要求

综合考虑转换轨及轮径校准的概念与功能,结合全自动驾驶的作业模式,对全自动驾驶地铁出入线转换轨和轮径校准设置必要性、位置及其对线路平纵断面设计要求进行分析,提出:①对于场段与正线控制权不一致的,需设置转换轨进行控制权交接;②对于场段与正线控制权一致的,理论上无需设置转换轨进行驾驶模式转换,但鉴于备用模式下仍需采用GOA3以下级别的驾驶模式,建议现阶段仍需设置转换轨;③转换轨宜设置在车辆基地一端;④轮径校准段需保证35m的平直坡段;⑤转换轨(轮径校准段以外部分)坡度不宜大于24‰,若坡度大于24‰,则需验算一度停车再启动能力,且坡度不得大于35‰。     

地铁车辆噪声现状及分析

随着城市轨道交通车辆的快速发展,乘客对地铁车辆的舒适性提出了更高的要求,地铁车辆运营阶段的噪声问题成为目前广泛关注的热点问题,也是亟待解决的问题。文章从地铁车辆的噪声现状入手,分析轮轨相互作用引起的轮轨噪声问题,车体和薄弱环节的隔声与密封问题,以及隧道运行环境会产生混响声场环境差异问题等,为车辆噪声控制提供依据并指明方向。     

城轨车辆轮重减载试验探讨

轮重减载率是评定城轨车辆运行安全性的重要指标之一,文章介绍了城轨车辆轮重减载的两种试验方法,并对其进行了对比。     

基于ADAMS的弹性车轮振动分析

通过ADAMS VIEW软件建立模型,采用将弹性车轮引入轮毂电机系统的使用,通过编写接触算法解决动态接触时的高频振动问题,并通过参数优化选择,来达到如何能最大程度并且合理的降低轮芯处轮毂电机系统所受到的振动冲击目的。研究结果表明,弹性车轮的引入能够很大程度上减少通过轨缝时对轮毂电机产生的冲击,在对刚度参数进行合理的选择分析后,最高减小了78.5%的正向冲击加速度以及56.1%的负向冲击加速度。能够有效的达到减小轮毂电机冲击,降低了电机在机械方面安全性隐患的目的。     

重载货车车轮踏面优化研究

对近期开发的基于法向间隙的车轮踏面优化方法进行改进,根据三维非赫兹滚动接触理论对轮轨间隙求解范围进行计算,使所求解的轮轨间隙具有实际的物理意义.针对我国重载货车车轮圆周磨耗严重的问题,对现有重载货车车轮踏面进行优化.利用车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论及三维弹性体非赫兹滚动接触理论对优化前后车轮踏面的静态接触性能及动态接触性能进行分析.结果表明:优化后轮轨界面之间可达到较好的匹配,且合理选择踏面不同区域的权数可同时保证车辆直线运行与曲线通过时的轮轨接触应力较小,从而达到有效降低轮轨磨耗的目的.     

出口塞拉利昂矿石漏斗车车轮踏面选型

通过对轮轨接触几何关系和车辆动力学仿真计算结果进行对比,分析了车轮路面外形对出口客拉利昂窄轨矿石漏斗车动力学性能的影响,经综合考虑,建议出口塞拉利昂窄轨矿石漏斗车选用LM型踏面外形.     

货车基础制动装置对车轮磨耗的影响

通过对转K6型转向架基础制动装置的受力分析,找出了基础制动装置中固定杠杆端制动梁易产生横向偏移和制动梁两端缓解阻力不同的原因及与车轮踏面圆周磨耗不均轮缘磨耗不均的关系;对各型装用转K6型转向架的货车进行了车轮磨耗情况实测,实测数据与分析结果相吻合。通过分析得出基础制动装置结构与车轮磨耗不均的关系结论,找到了解决问题的方法,并给出了转向架基础制动装置设计建议。