刚性层深度及层间接触状态对FWD动载响应及反算结果的影响

基于弹性动力学平衡方程,进行Laplace、Hankel联合积分变换,利用传递矩阵的方法,可得任一深度处应力位移与表面应力位移关系。讨论了FWD动荷载形式下下卧刚性层埋深及层间接触状态对表面弯沉的影响。计算结果表明,下卧刚性层的埋深变化对动弯沉盆的形状影响不大,但对数值大小影响明显,下卧刚性层埋深较浅时,面层与土基模量反算结果明显偏大,基层反算结果却显著偏小。层间接触较差时,路面各结构层的反算模量都显著偏小。因此建议模量反算之前,首先对刚性层深度及层间接触状态进行分析,避免对反算模量结果造成很大影响。     

安龙铺隧道开挖过程动态数值模拟分析

以沪瑞国道主干线(贵州境)镇宁—胜境关高速公路安龙铺隧道为工程背景,利用有限元分析程序,对中壁CRD开挖法进行了数值模拟,分析研究开挖过程中隧道围岩应力场和位移场的变化。     

钢箱梁斜拉桥索塔锚固区的受力性能

以青岛海湾大桥红岛通航孔斜拉桥为背景,介绍了耳板式索塔锚固区的构造特点;应用弹性力学解析方法求出了销铰的接触应力;采用有限元方法对索塔锚固区在最不利荷载组合作用下的受力性能进行了研究,并考虑了几何非线性和材料非线性对钢锚箱进行了极限承载力分析。结果表明:最不利荷载组合作用下耳板锚孔处的最大Von Mises应力为203 MPa;索塔钢锚箱的极限承载力约为设计荷载的5.02倍,具有足够的安全储备。     

基于刚柔耦合多体动力学模型的配气机构计算

通过在配气机构多刚体模型中引入柔性体,描述了配气机构的动力学性能;建立了柔性体气门弹簧,分析了气门弹簧动刚度的非线性行为,并且依据模态技术计算得到其动态应力;该方法为优化设计配气机构等机械产品及对其进行疲劳性能研究提供了依据。     

钢渣SMA路用性能试验研究

针对沥青混合料的路用性能特点,以钢渣作为原材料,设计并制备出钢渣SM A沥青混合料。并在室内试验过程中,首先研究了钢渣的材料特性,并采用普通车辙试验检验混合料的高温稳定性;在IN STRON材料试验机进行混合料的低温性能与疲劳性能试验;通过测定钢渣与沥青之间的接触角值以及浸水车辙试验来评价钢渣SM A混合料的水稳定性。试验结果表明,钢渣可以作为沥青面层优质集料使用,设计并制备出的沥青混合料具有良好的路用性能。     

浅谈提高高速公路绿化植物成活率的重要控制环节

植树工程是高速公路环境绿化工程的重要组成部分,然而苗木移栽的成活率直接影响到高速公路整体绿化效果。通过加强施工管理、施工技术等重要环节的控制,渝湛高速公路(粤境段)的环境绿化已取得良好效果,各种苗木的成活率均达95%以上。根据渝湛高速公路(粤境段)的种植土壤及气候条件,结合绿化植树施工经验总结了几点提高成活率的重要控制环节。     

Modelling of wheels and rail discontinuities in dynamic wheel-rail contact analysis

A classification of wheel-rail contact is given. Difference is made between modelling of a running wheel with continuous single-point-contact, as is common practice in wheel-rail contact analysis, and a wheel with transient double- or multi-point-contact, which may occur for rail irregularities with curvatures larger than that of the wheel circumference. It is shown that application of the first model for these irregularities will strongly underestimate the contact forces as it does not describe occurring mechanisms correctly. Further, it is shown that in principle it is not possible to describe the second type of contact fully correct with a lumped wheel model. Both wheel models are formulated mathematically for some basic contact cases. Afterwards, results are applied to a linear track model. Analytical closed-form solutions are found in the frequency domain for arbitrary type of contact and numerically transformed to the time domain. Finally, the necessity is shown to avoid situations where transient multiple-point-contact may occur (like rail joints) in practice.     

喷撒颗粒的增粘机理研究

本文建立了向轮轨接触间喷撒颗粒时的摩擦模型，并将此摩擦模型应用于修正的轮轨粘着理论中，对喷撒颗粒的增粘机理进行了理论研究。从理论计算结果可以看出，向轮轨接触间喷撒颗粒的增粘效果是非常明显的，且增粘效果和轮轨的表面状态、颗粒的质量和进入轮轨接触面间的颗粒数量有关。     

弹性接触问题的位移-力法有限元解法研究

本文根据接触状态下的有限元基本方程,通过对定解条件、约束条件的分析应用,得出了仅与接触点有关的定解方程。 运用所编制的电算程序对某柴油机副连杆销及孔在最大载荷下的失圆变形进行了计算。通过采用空心及实心销两种简化模型计算得出了实际副连杆销的失圆变形范围。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle

This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle. Tests were carried out under quasi-steady-state conditions, on a full-scale roller rig, and allowed to point out the effect of different parameters like the wheelset's angle of attack and the ratio between the vertical loads acting on the flanging and non-flanging wheels. On the basis of the test results, some existing derailment criteria are analysed in this paper and two new criteria are proposed. A model of wheel–rail contact is proposed for the mathematical modelling of the flange climb process, and numerical vs. experimental comparisons are used to obtain model validation.