A coupled numerical approach to simulate the effect of earthquake frequency content on seismic behavior of submarine tunnel

Roughly 90% of all natural vibrations have epicenters in offshore zones and may cause destruction of submarine and floating structures. Such excitations can influence the safe performance of facilities set up on the seabed, like tunnels, jacket legs and subsea oil pipelines. Some researches on this theme have been carried out to demonstrate the importance of seaquake analyses and their effects have been underlined. The present study intends to numerically simulate a two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem in order to examine the dynamic response of submarine tunnel under real horizontal earthquakes. Pressure is considered as independent nodal variables to represent the fluid flow effects and the induced time-dependent acceleration in porous medium equation is incorporated in the analysis and the tunnel shell is considered as flexible. This work highlights the importance of the input ground motion frequency content that governs the development of the induced seismic stress/strain around the lining of the tunnel. The results demonstrate that for deep sea the increment rate of the circumferential stress caused by surface gravity waves is below 7% when compared to the no-wave interface condition. Moreover, it is confirmed that long-period record may amplify the overall response of the system (up to 60%) specially the lateral and vertical displacements, as well as the principal stress to a lesser extent. The developed numerical model can attend to further analysis of tunnels embedded in a half-space in conjunction with fluid undergoing the severe long-period earthquakes.     

A signal decomposition method based on repeated extraction of maximum energy component for offshore structures

Contrary to most signal decomposition methods that usually decompose an original signal into a series of components simultaneously, a novel approach based on repeated extraction of Maximum Energy Component (MEC) is proposed. The approach starts from determination of the MEC referring to the estimated Power Spectral Density (PSD) function, and then represents the MEC by employing an exponential function to fit the original signal. By defining a stopping criterion based on two adjacent estimated PSDs, each MEC can be accurately extracted with an improved performance throughout the entire signal decomposition. To verify the proposed method, a single degree-of-freedom system subject to harmonic loads has been examined. Numerical results show that the analytical response can not only be decomposed into four MECs corresponding to the excitation and the system, respectively, but also provide an accurate estimation of natural frequency and damping ratio of the system. Meanwhile, by observing results from the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Prony based on state-space model (Prony-SS), an improved decomposition accuracy has been achieved from the proposed approach. Furthermore, experimental data from the Norwegian Deepwater Programme and two sets of field-test data from one fixed offshore platform and an offshore wind turbine have been used to demonstrate the correctness of the developed signal decomposition method. It is noted that divergence in results by Prony-SS can be observed when a very large model order is used, while the proposed method provides the better decomposition and reconstruction of signals.     

基于STAR-CCM+的螺旋桨水动力性能分析

文章运用公式将P4119螺旋桨二维坐标型值转换成三维坐标型值,导入Gambit2. 4软件建立几何模型。基于STAR-CCM+软件对该桨进行网格划分,设置边界条件和数值,仿真模拟不同进速系数下的转矩系数、推力系数、敞水效率和桨叶表面压力分布。经与试验值比较,误差均在10%以内,验证了计算结果的准确性,能够满足工程需要。     

福塔纤维沥青混凝土性能研究

福塔纤维（FORTA AR）是一种新型的聚合物有机纤维，它由聚丙烯（Pnlypropylene）和芳纶（Keylar）按照质量比3：1混合而成。对掺加0．045％福塔纤维、0．3％的德兰尼特纤维（Dolanit）以及不加纤维的沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、以及水稳定性等路用性能进行了研究，结果表明福塔纤维沥青混合料具有优良的路用性能；继而对福塔纤维改善沥青混合料路用性能的机理进行了分析。     

汽车动力总成弯曲振动应力响应及其激励灵敏度分析

本文利用文献（５）建立的汽车动力总成弯曲有限元分析模型，计算分析离合器壳的动应力响应，并考察了动应力关于不平衡质量位置的灵敏度，对计算分析进行了实验验证。     

基于结构疲劳动态可靠性分析的船舶结构概率损伤容限设计

本文根据结构可靠性理论，提出了一种基于结构疲劳动态可靠性分析的损伤容限分析方法，给出结构疲劳裂纹随机扩展过程中疲劳寿命分布和结构疲劳可靠性的表达式。在给定与疲劳寿命有关的各参数条件下求得动态可靠性曲线，从而在结构设计中根据可靠性要求确定或选择设计参数。     

机车车辆动力学研究及发展

机车车辆动力学在最近10年得到迅速发展,考虑车辆—轨道耦合作用的耦合模型得到广泛应用。随着大跨距跨江铁路桥的建设,车和桥的耦合振动会引起接触网的振动,进而影响弓网的耦合振动。因此十分有必要开展接触网—受电弓—机车车辆—线路—桥梁耦合大系统动力学的研究。进行机车车辆动力学性能优化,必须首先确定机车车辆动力学三要素的优先关系,即运行的稳定性—安全性—平稳性,建立以列车为研究对象的模型,同时在模型中考虑机车车辆结构弹性和频变特征悬挂参数以及气流扰动的影响,进而进行灵敏度分析和参数优化。给出考虑频变特性的钢弹簧等效计算方法以及基于循环变量的列车系统动力学建模和计算方法,并验证了计算方法的有效性。     

单轴转向架在城轨车辆中的应用前景分析

单轴转向架具有重量轻、曲线通过能力强、低噪声和运行稳定性较差等特点。文章详细分析了单轴转向架的运行性能,并对单轴转向架在城轨车辆中的应用可行性进行了探讨,认为其可满足城轨车辆的运行要求。     

铁路桥梁用超细粉煤灰高性能混凝土的试验研究

我国铁路桥梁工程建设中较少掺用粉煤灰,但粉煤灰混凝土在其他工程领域的应用已经证明其具有优良的耐久性能及长期性能。在本文研究中,突破现行规范,从材性试验的角度以30%左右的超细粉煤灰(UFA)等量取代水泥配制了铁路桥梁用的超细粉煤灰高性能混凝土,并对其力学性能、部分长期性能、水化产物以及水泥石形貌等进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,混凝土早期强度主要取决于W/C和UFA掺量,而后期则主要取决于W/B和UFA掺量;通过应力-应变全曲线分析可知,UFA高性能混凝土可采用现行规范设计;混凝土干缩、抗渗、抗裂性能等均优于基准混凝土;同时在微观测试分析基础上,综合考虑施工及养护条件等因素的变异,认为在实际应用中,UFA掺量以不超过30%为宜。     

工程机械柴油机的匹配选择

为选择适应工程机械使用特点的柴油机，对工程机械配套的柴油机选型方式进行了概括分析，着重介绍在柴油机对比选择时的关键性能参数。说明了工程机械用柴油机抗过载能力的特殊要求，总结出通过性能参数和曲线的对比来匹配选择柴油机的方法。