基于GPS的公交运营动态调度策略研究

本文从智能公交系统入手,介绍了GPS在智能公交系统中的应用,提出了将GPS车辆定位技术应用到公交运营的实时信息采集中,对公交车辆运行状况和运营服务水平进行实时监督,提高公交服务水平和公交运行稳定性.针对车辆“早点”与“晚点”的动态调度控制策略,对车辆运行过程进行实时调度控制,并建立动态控制的一个较为实用的模型.     

关于大口径给水管道穿越既有公路的安全评价分析

针对某给水管线穿越既有公路项目实际情况,对其安全审查和安全评价进行深入分析,最后得出安全审查和评价合格,能满足现行法律法规和规范标准要求,但仍需重视施工过程中的安全控制工作的结论,为类似工程项目施工提供可靠的参考和借鉴,进而从根本上保证施工安全。     

公交优先硬件在环测试评估平台设计

为了对复杂交通条件下的公交优先策略进行测试评估,比较不同信号机中公交控制策略的优劣,论文引入公交优先硬件在环仿真技术,设计搭建公交优先的硬件在环测试平台,开发信号转换器,实现信号机与仿真软件之间的通信,并能兼容不同信号机,实现对公交优先策略的仿真评估,同时开发上位机测试平台控制系统的运转.该测试平台可推广应用于线控、网控等控制策略测试,提高控制策略的有效性.     

兰州某跨铁路桥钢桁梁顶推施工方案及 受力特性分析

顶推施工技术作为大跨度钢桁梁施工中非常重要的一项施工技术,其不仅能够有效的缩短工期,而且在不影响既有线路正常运营。依托兰州市北滨河西延段工程大跨度钢桁梁顶推施工项目,从施工方法、措施、技术、安全、质量保证上对顶推施工过程进行全面分析,制定具体施工方案,对顶推过程中钢桁梁的受力特性进行数值计算与分析,以确保施工过程安全可控。通过研究大跨度钢桁梁顶推施工技术与工艺流程要点,优化了施工过程中结构的受力状态,并节约工程造价,可为同类工程建设管理和施工组织提供参考。     

Improvement of vehicle–turnout interaction by optimising the shape of crossing nose

Proper rail geometry in the crossing part is essential for reducing damage on the nose rail. To improve the dynamic behaviour of turnout crossings, a numerical optimisation approach to minimise rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage and wear in the crossing panel by varying the nose rail shape is presented in the paper. The rail geometry is parameterised by defining several control cross-sections along the crossing. The dynamic vehicle–turnout interaction as a function of crossing geometry is analysed using the VI-Rail package. In formulation of the optimisation problem a combined weighted objective function is used consisting of the normal contact pressure and the energy dissipation along the crossing responsible for RCF and wear, respectively. The multi-objective optimisation problem is solved by adapting the multipoint approximation method and a number of compromised solutions have been found for various sets of weight coefficients. Dynamic behaviour of the crossing has been significantly improved after optimisations. Comparing with the reference design, the heights of the nose rail are notably increased in the beginning of the crossing; the nominal thicknesses of the nose rail are also changed. All the optimum designs work well under different track conditions.     

关于正交异性钢桥面板的疲劳——对英国在加固其塞文桥渡时所作研究的评介

对英国塞文桥渡正交异性板构造的疲劳裂纹产生的原因、所作试验及对其疲劳寿命计算作了介绍，并进行了探讨。     

Dynamic simulation of train–truck collision at level crossings

Trains crashing onto heavy road vehicles stuck across rail tracks are more likely occurrences at level crossings due to ongoing increase in the registration of heavy vehicles and these long heavy vehicles getting caught in traffic after partly crossing the boom gate; these incidents lead to significant financial losses and societal costs. This paper presents an investigation of the dynamic responses of trains under frontal collision on road trucks obliquely stuck on rail tracks at level crossings. This study builds a nonlinear three-dimensional multi-body dynamic model of a passenger train colliding with an obliquely stuck road truck on a ballasted track. The model is first benchmarked against several train dynamics packages and its predictions of the dynamic response and derailment potential are shown rational. A geometry-based derailment assessment criterion is applied to evaluate the derailment behaviour of the frontal obliquely impacted trains under different conditions. Sensitivities of several key influencing parameters, such as the train impact speed, the truck mass, the friction at truck tyres, the train–truck impact angle, the contact friction at the collision zone, the wheel/rail friction and the train suspension are reported.     

“公交优先”战略下清远市公交发展研究

交通拥堵和交通污染问题是近年来引人关注的问题,特别是交通碳减排已成为发达国家碳减排的重点领域,而优先发展公交系统对解决上述问题具有重大的现实意义。在总结和阐述公交优先发展的内涵和意义的基础上,以清远市公交系统为研究对象,总结和分析了"公交优先"战略下清远市公交发展现状和问题,提出了清远市公交优先发展的思路与具体做法,并根据现有情况规划了三种不同水平的公交优先发展情景方案,计算了三种方案下二氧化碳的排放量。结果显示:公交很高吸引力的方案比一般吸引力的方案每年少排二氧化碳38.9万t,年度减排直接效益为2 723万元,节约能源的直接效益为12.5亿元。最后提出了清远市公交优先发展的政策建议。     

轨道交通环境下公交专用道布网及设置

研究轨道交通环境下公交专用道网络布局,提出宏观、微观层面,定性与定量相结合的规划方法。通过分析客流OD分布、路网结构、交通布局、土地利用、道路等级等确定公交专用道线网总体布局;通过公交客流比例、公交车流率、路段饱和度、机动车道数、公交车平均运行速度等定量分析可实施专用道的条件。以上海闵行区公交发展为例,研究现有5条轨道交通线路下公交专用道线网的布局。预评估表明公交客运能力提高约20%,公交车车速提高约15%。     

跨沪宁高速公路钢箱梁顶推施工技术

惠南路跨沪宁高速公路大桥主跨采用两跨钢箱梁结构,为保证沪宁高速公路车辆正常通行,钢箱梁采用顶推法施工。介绍了顶推法施工工艺,根据沪宁高速公路无法中断交通的现场情况,采用在高速范围外搭设钢桁临时支架,分段吊装、组装、拼接、焊接钢箱梁和钢导梁,分批次依次顶推并接长钢箱梁进行顶推施工。