Phase change analysis of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy

The phase change characteristic of the power source of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy is the key factor in glider attitude control. A numerical model has been established based on the enthalpy method to analyze the phase change heat transfer process under convective boundary conditions. Phase change is not an isothermal process, but one that occurs at a range of temperature. The total melting time of the material is very sensitive to the surrounding temperature. When the temperature of the surroundings decreases 8 degrees, the total melting time increases 1.8 times. But variations in surrounding temperature have little effect on the initial temperature of phase change, and the slope of the temperature time history curve remains the same. However, the temperature at which phase change is completed decreases significantly. Our research shows that the phase change process is also affected by container size, boundary conditions, and the power source＇s cross sectional area. Materials stored in 3 cylindrical containers with a diameter of 38ram needed the shortest phase change time. Our conclusions should be helpful in effective design of underwater glider power systems.     

Prediction of thermal environment via revision of PMV index with body temperature

PMV （Predicted Mean Vote） is a widely used index for evaluating the thermal environment. However, few studies have been conducted to take physiological values directly as evaluating indices. This paper assumes a linear relation between body temperature and both sweating rate and heat produced by shivering, and introduces the linear relation into the human heat balance equation to revise the classic PMV. And the assumption of linear relation is subsequently proved. The revised PMV possesses the same characteristic of dependent heat load as that of the classic one, and moreover it is convenient to be calculated.     

Fe-Mn-Si基合金的形状记忆效应及腐蚀性

研究了预应变量、回复退火温度、热-机械训练工艺对Fe-30Mn-5Si、Fe-20Mn-5Si-5Cr-3Ni合金形状记忆效应的影响,同时研究了合金在HCl、NaOH和NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性.结果表明,合金的形状回复率随预变形量的增加而减小;形状回复率随回复温度的升高而增大,且在400℃～500℃之间达到较高值;热-机械训练可以明显提高合金的形状记忆效应.在Fe-Mn-Si基合金中加入适量的Cr、Ni元素可以显著提高合金的耐腐蚀性,对合金的形状记忆效应也有明显提高.     

一种用汽油燃烧系统模拟发动机台架催化剂热老化的方法

采用通用汽车公司的快速老化程序RAT-A，分别在FOCAS燃烧系统及发动机上对催化剂在老化前和老化后的性能进行对比试验。结果表明，FOCAS燃烧系统能够对催化剂进行和发动机类似的老化。与发动机台架试验相比，FOCAS系统有明显的优点，如严格地控制空燃比使其变化幅度很小、空燃比稳定运行的范围宽、活动部件少及易操作等。     

沥青运输船装卸系统优化设计

针对沥青的特性,本文对沥青装卸系统进行了分析,在沥青泵组、装卸管系、伴热管系等方面提出了几种可行的设计方案,并对这些方案作了比较,指出了设计中应注意的一些问题。     

水泥深层搅拌桩化学分析,热分析质量检测方法

本文提出了运用化学分析方法和热分析方法对水泥深层搅拌桩桩身质量进行分析评价的原理、方法和运用实例。这种检测方法的优点是快速、准确、经济、定量性强，且不受成桩龄期的限制。因此，它适用于对深层搅拌桩这类桩型的质量分析，值得推广应用。     

卡诺制冷机的有限时间Yong经济优化性能

以利润率为目标，分析了存在热阻和热漏的卡诺制冷机的有限时间Ｙｏｎｇ经济优化导出了最大利润率时的制冷率和制冷系统，所得结论可为制冷机的优化设计和最佳工况选择等提供理论指导。     

成品油管道运输的发展趋势

<正> 一、我国成品油运输现状 我国成品油运输是伴随着我国炼油工业的发展而壮大的。由于我国炼厂布局分散、规模偏小,成品油管道不发达,因此成品油运输主要以铁路运输为主。据不完全统计,2000年我国成品油(所指成品油除另有说明外,均仅包括汽油、煤油、柴油)运输总量为12730万吨,其中铁路运量为7416万吨,占58.3％;水路运量为3724万吨,占29.2%;公路