蠕变抗力恢复热处理对21/4Cr-1Mo钢焊接接头蠕变空洞形态及其分布的影响

本文用光镜(OLM)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析了一段已服役约210000h 的电厂再热蒸汽管道焊接接头蠕变空洞的分布形态;分析了两种恢复热处理工艺(亚临界温度热处理和正回火热处理)对蠕变空洞形态及其分布的影响.试验结果表明,两种恢复热处理工艺都能减少蠕变空洞的数量,改善蠕变空洞的形态及其分布,使蠕变空洞由原来不规则的形状变成球形,使原来主要分布在晶界处的蠕变空洞部分“迁移”到晶内,从而改善了晶界处的应力状态,提高了蠕变抗力.比较两种恢复热处理工艺对减少蠕变空洞的数量,以及对改善螭变空洞的形态及其分布的作用后发现,正回火工艺优于亚临界温度热处理工艺.     

基于动态规划法的公路纵断面优化设计方法

通过介绍动态规划法优化公路纵断面的基本原理及方法步骤,并编程进行相关实例计算,结果表明.在初始纵断面的基础上用改进的动态规划法进一步优化,可取得令人满意的结果.     

THE EXPESSION OF ENDOTHELIN-1 IN VENTRICULAR SPETAL DEFECT WITH PULMONARY HYPER TENSION

Ｔｈｅｖｅｎｔｒｉｃｕｌａｒｓｅｐｔａｌｄｅｆｅｃｔ (ＶＳＤ )ｏｆｃｏｎｇｅｎｉｔａｌｈｅａｒｔｄｉｓｅａｓｅ (ＣＨＤ )ｗｉｔｈ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ (ＰＨ )ｉｓａｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ,ｗｈｉｃｈｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｓｔｈｅｐｒｏｇｎｏｓｉｓｏｆＣＨＤ ,ｂｕｔｉｔｓｐａｔｈｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓｔｈａｔｓｔｉｌｌｗａｓｎｏｔｃｌｅａｒ .Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｓｒｅｖｅａｌｅｄｔｈａｔｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉｕｍｏｆｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙ…     

THE EXPRESSION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF P53 AND P21 （WAF1／CIP1） IN THYROID CARCINOMA

Thethyroidcanceristhemostcommoncarci nomaintheendocrinicneoplasms.Thyroidcarcino ma,dependingonthepathologicaltype,hastwo thoroughlypolarizedcharacteristicsofprogression. Undifferentiatedcarcinomaischaracterizedbyex ceptionallyquickprogressionwithdirep…     

线性规划土石方调配模型研究

在公路工程土石方施工过程中,如何规划、运用现有资源, 以快速、有效最节省成本的方法调配土石方并按时完成工程,已成为项目管理过程中的重要课题。因此特别针对土石方工程的实际需求及各种条件,利用线性规划建立土石方调配模型求出每天各料场区的供料计划,为土石方工程调度提供参考。     

葡萄糖、胰岛素和尿酸对猪近端肾小管上皮细胞株血红素氧合酶-1的影响

目的观察不同浓度葡萄糖、胰岛素和尿酸的培养条件下猪近端肾小管上皮细胞株(LLC-PK1)血红素氧合酶(HO-1)活性的改变,以探讨代谢相关因素在细胞水平对肾小管上皮细胞的影响。方法以LLC-PK1为研究对象,观察葡萄糖浓度为5、10、22、33 mmol/L,胰岛素浓度为0、10-9、10-8、10-7mol/L,尿酸浓度为0、0.1、0.2、0.4 mmol/L培养48 h条件下,LLC-PK1细胞HO-1活性的改变。结果0.1 mmol/L0、.2 mmol/L和0.4 mmol/L尿酸刺激48 h后,LLC-PK1的HO-1活性增加,并呈剂量依赖关系,而上述浓度的葡萄糖和胰岛素刺激48 h对LLC-PK1的HO-1活性无影响。结论一定浓度的尿酸可使LLC-PK1的HO-1活性升高,提示尿酸在细胞水平对肾小管上皮细胞的氧化应激过程产生影响。     

复发转移性乳腺癌mdr-1基因产物P-糖蛋白表达的临床意义

目的　探讨复发转移性乳腺癌mdr 1基因表达产物P 糖蛋白 (P glycoprotein ,P gp)表达及其与含吡喃阿霉素联合方案化疗疗效的关系。方法　应用SABC法检测 4 6例转移性乳腺癌术后组织中P gp表达 ,使用环磷酰胺、吡喃阿霉素和 5 氟尿嘧啶联合方案化疗 ,对比分析P gp表达与疗效的关系。 结果　① 4 6例患者mdr 1基因表达产物P gp阳性表达率 5 6 .5 % ,肝或肺转移者阳性表达明显高于皮肤或淋巴结转移者 (P =0 .0 4 9)。②可评价疗效的 4 3例患者化疗有效率 5 8.1% ;P gp阴性组疗效 (89.5 % )明显优于P gp阳性组 (30 .0 % ) (P <0 .0 1)。③有肝或肺转移者有效率(4 0 .7% )明显低于皮肤或浅表淋巴结转移者 (87.5 % ) (P <0 .0 5 )。④术后曾接受辅助性CAF或CMF方案化疗者复发转移后化疗疗效 (71.4 %和 37.5 % )无显著性差异 (P =0 .0 5 2 )。结论　mdr 1基因表达产物P gp表达阳性者应选择非MDR型药物的联合方案化疗     

城市轨道车辆最佳运行图的编制

本文在对城市轨道车辆运行仿真和能耗计算的基础上,运用动态规划法研制了编制其最佳运行图的微机程序PRIOPT,并利用该程序作了实例计算和分析,为运营部门编制节能最佳运行图以及城市轨道车辆的节能运行控制奠定了基础.     

Experimental investigations on the damping effect due to passengers on flexural vibrations of railway vehicle carbody and basic studies on the mimicry of the effect with simple substitutions

The effect of passengers on a railway vehicle is usually considered as additional mass in designing a carbody. However, previous studies by means of stationary excitation tests or running tests using actual vehicles indicate that passengers behave not as mass but as damping. In this paper, the authors examined the passengers' damping effect under controlled excitation conditions on a roller rig through a series of excitation tests using a commuter-type vehicle. Large and multi-modal reductions of flexural vibrations of the carbody were observed when passengers existed. Influences of the number of passengers, distributions and postures of passengers were investigated. The authors also tried to mimic the damping effect by passengers using flexible tanks filled with fluids. Three kinds of fluids which have different viscosities have been tested. As a result of the excitation tests, good vibration reduction effects were observed by applying those tanks, and it has been found that the flexible tanks filled with fluids bring about vibration reduction effect (including multi-modal reduction) which is equal to or rather better than the case of similar mass of passengers in the carbody; the difference of viscosity gave little affect on the damping abilities. From these measurement results, a possibility of realising effective damping devices against flexural vibrations of railway vehicle carbodies representing passengers damping effect, in a simple, economical and environmental friendly way, has been demonstrated.