DBD型低温等离子体放电功率影响因素研究

为深入理解介质阻挡放电特性,提高其运行效率,采用Q-VLissajous图形法对介质阻挡放电功率P进行测量,研究了外加激励峰值电压V、放电频率f、放电气隙lg、介质厚度ld等因素对介质阻挡放电功率的影响。试验结果表明,P随V的增大而增大;相同V时,提高f可增大P,且采用较大f的P随V的增长速度较快;P随lg的增加而提高,但lg不宜太大,否则热损耗增加,且易造成介质击穿;减小ld可提高P,为避免介质击穿,ld也不宜太小。     

长三角地区液化天然气接收站的发展前景

为了剖析长三角地区液化天然气(LNG)市场发展形势,从而为长三角地区科学布局LNG接收站提供参考,开展长三角地区天然气消费现状及发展趋势分析,梳理影响天然气市场发展的因素,对长三角地区天然气需求量进行预测.通过供需能力平衡分析,判定长三角地区LNG接收站承担的进口LNG接卸量还有较大的增长空间,未来2～3年将是LNG接...     

LNG及车用LNG的现状与未来分析

液化天然气(LNG)具有高效、清洁、安全等特点,目前主要应用于车用燃料、城镇燃气备用气源、发电等,涉及工、商、民用,是一种应用广泛、经济性较高的能源。目前我国天然气车分为液化天然气(LNG)车和压缩天然气(CNG)车两种,两者的本质都是天然气,区别在于生产加工的方式和存在形式。     

一种天然气发动机尾气净化技术路线探索

为使天然气发动机满足现阶段排放要求,主流企业均采用当量燃烧+EGR+TWC技术路线,文章通过研究一种提高天然气发动机进气量的燃烧及相应的尾气净化技术,同样可以满足排放要求,且发动机无需EGR,结构简单,气耗更低,同时有效降低整车热负荷,为重型天然气发动机满足更高排放要求提供新的解决思路.     

Predicting the Dielectric Strength of c-C4F8 and SF6 Gas Mixtures by Monte Carlo Method

An improved Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the motion of electrons in c-C_4F_8 and SF_6 gas mixtures for pulsed townsend discharge. The electron swarm parameters such as effective ionization coefficient, [AKα-] and drift velocity over the E/N range from 280～700 Td(1Td=10-21 V·m2) were calculated by employing a set of cross sections available in literature. From the variation cure of [AKα-] with SF_6 partial pressure p, the limiting field (E/N)_lim of gas mixture at different gas content was determined. It is found that the limiting field of c-C_4F_8 and SF_6 gas mixture is higher than that of pure SF_6 at any SF_6 mixture ratio. Simulation results show excellent agreement with experiment data available in previous literature.     

Greenhouse gas emissions from road construction: An assessment of alternative staging approaches

The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with road construction activities are analyzed. The main focus of this analysis is on the vehicle emissions associated with alternative project staging approaches, specifically a full closure of the road during construction, versus an intermittent road closure. The analysis includes the direct and upstream emissions associated with materials, construction equipment, mobilization of resources to the work site, and maintenance activity associated with the project over its lifetime. The analysis is based on one case study of a road project in New Jersey. The assumptions underlying the staging analysis are based on hypothetical approaches. Results provide an assessment of the main sources of project related emissions and the ability to minimize total project emissions by minimizing traffic disruption. In the analysis with a full closure of the road, traffic disruption accounts for 26% of total emissions, while with an intermittent road closure, traffic disruption accounts for only 2% of total emissions. The other main sources are from materials and life-cycle maintenance. The analysis demonstrates the feasibility of minimizing project related GHG emissions during road construction activities.     

Greenhouse gas emissions from ships in ports – Case studies in four continents

Emissions of GHG from the transport sector and how to reduce them are major challenges for policy makers. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships while in port based on annual data from Port of Gothenburg, Port of Long Beach, Port of Osaka and Sydney Ports. Port call statistics including IMO number, ship name, berth number and time spent at berth for each ship call, were provided by each participating port. The IMO numbers were used to match each port call to ship specifications from the IHS database Sea-web. All data were analysed with a model developed by the IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute for the purpose of quantifying GHG emissions (as CO₂-equivalent) from ships in the port area. Emissions from five operational modes are summed in order to account for ship operations in the different traffic areas. The model estimates total GHG emissions of 150,000, 240,000, 97,000, and 95,000 tonnes CO₂ equivalents per year for Gothenburg, Long Beach, Osaka, and Sydney, respectively. Four important emission-reduction measures are discussed: reduced speed in fairway channels, on-shore power supply, reduced turnaround time at berth and alternative fuels. It is argued that the potential to reduce emissions in a port area depends on how often a ship revisits a port: there it in general is easier to implement measures for high-frequent liners. Ships that call 10 times or less contribute significantly to emissions in all ports.     

基于未确知测度理论的隧道施工瓦斯灾害风险评价

选取煤层厚度、煤层瓦斯含量、回风流平均瓦斯浓度、相对瓦斯涌出量、岩石类型、连通封闭性、深度值、隧道跨度、隧道长度、通风风速和涌水量等11项瓦斯灾害指标作为隧道施工瓦斯灾害风险评价指标体系,并建立各指标的等级标准.将序关系分析法(G1)和反熵权法(AEW)运用拉格朗日乘子法确定组合权重,构建各指标的单指标测度函数,并计算...     

城市轨道交通钢轨电位和新型回流装置研究

以成都地铁为例,基于钢轨绝缘节的老化和单向导通装置频繁导通问题,将车辆段及停车场等效为小电阻接地支路进行仿真。仿真结果表明,小电阻接地支路可使正线钢轨电位最大提升27.2 V,威胁了正线的安全运营。据此提出一种应用于车辆段与停车场的新型钢轨回流装置,并介绍其控制方法。该新型钢轨回流装置具有辅助列车安全通过绝缘节遏制车辆段与停车场内杂散电流、评估钢轨绝缘节绝缘性能和测量出入段线钢轨过渡电阻的功能。     

地铁供电系统中压开关柜电流分析理论和方法

通过分析地铁供电系统不同电压等级的设备电流特征,确定35 kV电压等级设备电流可构造标准曲线,采用机器智能学习算法分析、测算地铁供电系统中各类开关峰谷时段运行电流,以均值-方差方法确定电流的高度异常偏离点,实现异常点数据周期内统计以及实时提醒功能。应用电流实测值分析电流在工作日、节假日的不同曲线,为负荷预测和非正常运行方式下的负荷叠加风险提供预测和评估依据,保障供电系统的安全运行,提高负荷管控效率。