电力电子与绿色能源

介绍了绿色能源的概念,以风力发电为重点介绍了电力电子技术在绿色能源发展中的应用以及分布式发电在绿色能源系统方面的应用.     

可再生能源与变流技术(二)

全球能源消耗不断增加,除了引发能源本身的问题外,还使环保压力增大.因此对发电、输配电和电能的使用提出新的要求.传统的发电系统正在发生变化:分布式发电系统正在快步发展,并与集中的大型电厂通过长途输电送到用户的方式一起构成未来的电力系统;可再生能源替代化石能源.目前,全世界都在考虑和开展如风能、太阳能、海洋能、地热能等的利用.可再生能源的优点是提供用之不尽的原始资源,而且消除了有害物质的排放.但它们的主要缺点是其不确定性和不可控性,特别是有很强的季节性,甚至一日多变,不能完全满足用户对稳定电力供应的要求.充分挖掘可再生能源效益的途径是联网,一般是指与配电网相联接.电力电子变流器是两者之间唯一可行的接口.文章综述了可再生能源及接口变流技术的发展情况.     

下一代地铁列车创新设计

与传统地铁相比,下一代地铁列车采用了大量新材料、新技术、新系统,具有更轻、更节能、更舒适、更智能、适应性更强的技术优势。文章从列车编组、牵引及供电装置、制动系统、转向架、车体、快速网络、空调系统、气动设计、噪声管理及减阻节能等方面论述了针对下一代地铁列车的创新设计。     

光伏并网逆变器效率评价方法研究

效率是衡量并网光伏逆变器工作性能最重要的指标之一,直接影响着系统的电力输出。文章首先对并网逆变器国内外评价方法进行了总结和对比,采用加权公式计算的转换效率能够较为真实地反映光伏逆变器在现场运行的效率;其次对我国太阳能资源带的划分进行了介绍,并以Ⅱ类资源带的尚义光伏电站为研究对象,对该电站每分钟采集的2012年6月1日至2013年5月31日数据进行统计分析,得出该地区太阳辐射变化规律,并通过对逆变器的数据统计分析得出了适用于该地区的逆变器转换效率加权公式,对于该资源带光伏电站建设具有一定指导意义。     

电力机车车载过分相装置的优化设计探讨

介绍车载过分相装置的现状,提出了优化设计的设想,即电子柜内增加LCU并配备过程分相功能;对于模拟相控新造车,采用换代电子柜;对于装配模拟电子柜的既有车,只需要换2块插件,内部改线即可：对于微机控制的电子柜,配备过分相功能的接口,按此要求设计的模拟电子柜,已分别在SS3B和SS4改进型的机车上装车考核。     

基于三重化DC／DC变换器的光伏直流微网控制研究

以带有蓄电池单元的独立光伏发电直流微网为研究对象,采用一种三重化DC／DC模块作为接口变换器,提出电压外环、电流内环的双闭环来控制接口变换器。仿真与实验结果表明,三重化DC／DC模块能有效地减小电流纹渡和电流谐波,实现光伏阵列最大功率点的跟踪以及蓄电池单元能量双向流动,稳定了直流母线电压。     

适用于电网电压小幅下降的双馈电机励磁控制仿真研究

考虑到电力系统的安全性和稳定性,新的电网规程要求并网风力发电机组应具有一定的低电压穿越能力。为了抑制双馈感应风力发电机组在电网电压下降时转子侧出现的过电压和过电流冲击,考虑电网波动建立了双馈电机转子变换器控制系统数学模型,并且采用定子电压定向的空间矢量方法对电机转速和定子输出无功功率进行跟踪控制。在Matlab环境下,选取一台1．5MW并网双馈感应风力发电机在电网电压下降到额定值的60％期间对所设计的控制系统进行了仿真验证。     

Generating complete all-day activity plans with genetic algorithms

Activity-based demand generation contructs complete all-day activity plans for each member of a population, and derives transportation demand from the fact that consecutive activities at different locations need to be connected by travel. Besides many other advantages, activity-based demand generation also fits well into the paradigm of multi-agent simulation, where each traveler is kept as an individual throughout the whole modeling process. In this paper, we present a new approach to the problem, which uses genetic algorithms (GA). Our GA keeps, for each member of the population, several instances of possible all-day activity plans in memory. Those plans are modified by mutation and crossover, while bad instances are eventually discarded. Any GA needs a fitness function to evaluate the performance of each instance. For all-day activity plans, it makes sense to use a utility function to obtain such a fitness. In consequence, a significant part of the paper is spent discussing such a utility function. In addition, the paper shows the performance of the algorithm to a few selected problems, including very busy and rather non-busy days.     

Capturing tour mode and activity choice interdependencies: A co-evolutionary logit modelling approach

It is generally assumed that the choice of transport mode and the choice of including intermediate activities on a work tour are interrelated, but little is known about the nature of the causal relationship. To shed light on this, this paper addresses the question of whether transport mode choice is dependent on the activity choice or vice-versa. A new methodology, referred to as the co-evolutionary approach, is combined with a set of MNL models, one for each choice facet involved, to derive an indication of the order of decisions on an individual level. The models are estimated based on the work tours of a large sample of individuals in the Netherlands. The results suggest that there is substantial variation in the order of the transport mode and activity decisions. However, in the majority of cases the activity decision is made before the mode decision, suggesting that the transport mode and, in particular, the choice between car and public transport is most often ‘adjusted’ to the choice of trip chaining rather than the other way round.     

燃料电池控制系统自动代码生成

针对自行开发的软硬件平台,结合控制算法的Simulink模型设计了代码自动生成的方法,实现了基于Motorola PowerPC555单片机的电子控制单元和OSEK Turbo实时操作系统的燃料电池控制系统开发过程中的快速迭代,最终实现了快速控制原型开发。该控制系统经过10kW燃料电池发动机实验,取得了良好的控制效果。