采空区地层变形产生的隧道附加荷载及变形容许值计算与分析

文章分别计算了采空区上方地层弯曲时对隧道产生的附加荷载q1、q2及地层水平应变时对隧道产生的附加荷载qH,并推导出了采空区地层容许弯曲变形和水平应变数值.结果表明,现行交通部《采空区公路设计与施工技术细则》规定的采空区地基容许变形值较为笼统且偏大,结构偏于不安全.最后,文章根据计算结果对比,对不同围岩级别提出了更严格、更安全、更有针对性和可操作性的隧道对采空区地层变形限制要求,以供广大隧道工作者参考使用.     

高速公路排水工程施工技术探讨

鉴于公路排水问题容易导致众多公路路基路面病害,公路施工中必须采取有效的措施进行排水。从而确保高速公路路基路面的稳定性、强度以及安全性。结合某公路施工实例,系统地探讨了排水施工技术措施,同时综合考虑周边环境因素,从整体的角度进行考虑,在满足预期使用要求的基础上,创造出景观上整体协调、综合效益较高的高速公路排水体系。     

提高施工企业经济效益的途径

经济效益是施工企业生存与发展的命脉,笔者围绕这一主题进行了探讨.     

浦梅铁路引入武夷山地区方案研究

研究目的:通过对浦梅铁路线路在武夷山地区走向方案的研究,考虑工程投资、通道的完整性、货运功能、客运功能、与城市规划的结合、环境影响、地形地质条件等因素,使得实施方案技术经济合理,综合社会效益最佳。选线设计中提供的一些思路,为客货共线快速铁路在困难山区选线设计积累经验。研究结论:深刻分析浦梅线在武夷山地区线路方案的特点及研究思路,确定出合理的推荐方案。通过对走向方案的过程分析,体现了路网、环保、地质、规划、工程数量等对方案选线的影响及重要性。     

轨道交通项目的外部效益分析及实例

通过分析轨道交通项目不同受益主体，对轨道交通项目所产生的外部效益进行分类，并建立各效益的计算模型，并根据保守计算的原则，对成都地铁2号线进行实例分析，用数据证实轨道交通项目可以产生巨大的外部效益。     

Possible remedies for intact stability hazards involving contemporary small inland passenger ferries in Bangladesh

On the basis of previous studies, a series of hazards involving the typical small inland passenger ferries operating in inland Bangladeshi waters have been identified. In particular, stormy weather conditions, overloading, and the risk of crowding to one side have been determined as the typical events that are likely to lead to capsizing in the intact condition. In this article, possible hazard mitigation measures are discussed, both from the regulatory and from the design point of view, for a small inland ferry that is very similar to one that actually capsized in the past. The addressed design options involve ballasting and hull modification by means of additional buoyancy above the waterline. From a regulatory point of view, it is proposed that the present weather criterion in force in Bangladesh be modified by increasing the wind speed to be accounted for and by considering the concurrent effects of wind, rolling, and the crowding of people to one side.     

Commuting-related fringe benefits in the Netherlands: Interrelationships and company,employee and location characteristics

Mobility management measures taken by firms could potentially result in more sustainable transport choices and hence reduce traffic congestion and emissions. Fringe benefits offered to employees are a means to implement those measures. This paper explores the most common commuting-related fringe benefits currently provided by employers in the Netherlands, namely telework, flextime and allowance types like public transport passes, bicycle contribution, company cars and general financial compensation. By using the Dutch National Time Use Survey (TBO) 2005/2006, interrelationships among fringe benefits and correlations between company, employee, and (home and work) location characteristics and those employee benefits could be investigated. Logistic regressions and Tobit models are used for several estimations indicating the provision and the use of fringe benefits. The results show that relationships among fringe benefits exist, mainly between telework and flextime, but also between those flexible work arrangements and some types of commuting allowance. Furthermore, numerous job, person and geographical variables affect the probability of receiving and using the fringe benefits. For example, in the non-profit and the public sector sustainable commuting benefits are more often provided, the use of fringe benefits is strongly influenced by household composition and several allowance types show a significant correlation with the number of cars in the household. Moreover, firm location, in particular firm density, is highly related to mobility management measures taken by firms.     

阳安铁路增建第二线山区地质选线

近年来随着我国山区铁路的大量修建,山区铁路地质选线的重要性日益凸显。阳安铁路是典型的山区铁路增建第二线项目,该项目进行地质选线对于降低后期勘察设计难度、减少投资、降低后期维护费用等方面起决定性作用。针对既有河谷线地段,增建第二线线路穿越区域性大断裂等工程地质问题,采取何种地质选线的技术原则进行研究。研究结论:(1)本次地质选线过程中,综合采用遥感解译、地质调绘、钻探、试验等勘探方法,查清沿线的工程地质条件;(2)对线位比选起决定性作用的工程地质条件主要是断层、滑坡等不良地质,线路通过断层应以大角度、简单工程通过,其余不良地质应以绕避为主;(3)在充分总结汲取山区铁路综合选线技术经验的基础上,提出地质选线、定线原则;(4)通过对阳平关至响水、西乡至石泉、石泉至池河三段线路方案的比选,得出推荐方案。     

飞来峡二、三线相互灌泄水船闸省水特性及效益分析

为缓解通航用水与发电、农业用水之间的矛盾,拟建的广东北江飞来峡二、三线船闸采用相互灌泄水的省水运行方式。对船闸建立水工物理模型研究其省水特性并进行效益分析,对比双线相互灌泄水的省水运行方式与单线运行方式的优劣。研究结果表明:省水运行模式每年省水2.89亿~3.77亿m3,折合水能发电量0.135亿~0.175亿k W·h;省水船闸闸室及引航道水流条件、船舶停泊条件优于单线运行模式;船闸通过能力满足通航需求。省水船闸运行具有显著的经济效益和环境效益。     

考虑尾气排放的道路收费研究综述

考虑尾气排放的道路收费是将道路使用外部性内部化的重要手段,有利于减少环境污染、实现社会效益的最大化.介绍了过去30年里相关理论的经济学基础、产生背景以及发展情况,指出由于相关技术和出行者认识有限,具体实施还存在一定难度.综述了尾气排放量的测算方法、收费模型建立以及收费对汽车尾气排放的影响评估,分析了其优缺点和适用范围....