Exploring the propensity to perform social activities: a social network approach

Conceptual and empirical models of the propensity to perform social activity–travel behavior are described, which incorporate the influence of individuals’ social context, namely their social networks. More explicitly, the conceptual model develops the concepts of egocentric social networks, social activities, and social episodes, and defines the three sets of aspects that influence the propensity to perform social activities: individuals’ personal attributes, social network composition, and information and communication technology interaction with social network members. Using the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique and data recently collected in Toronto, the empirical model tests the effect of these three aspects on the propensity to perform social activities. Results suggest that the social networks framework provides useful insights into the role of physical space, social activity types, communication and information technology use, and the importance of “with whom” the activity was performed with. Overall, explicitly incorporating social networks into the activity–travel behavior modeling framework provides a promising framework to understand social activities and key aspects of the underlying behavioral process. Juan Antonio Carrasco a PhD candidate in Civil Engineering at the University of Toronto, holds a MSc degree in Transportation Engineering from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. His doctoral research explores the relationships between social networks, activity–travel behavior, and ICTs. His research interests also include microsimulation, land use-transportation, and econometric modeling. Eric J. Miller is Bahen-Tanenbaum Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Toronto where he is also Director of the Joint Program in Transportation. His research interests include integrated land-use/transportation modeling, activity-based travel modeling, microsimulation and sustainable transportation planning.     

基于ANFIS的轮胎侧向力模型

用自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)建立了轮胎的侧向力模型,并与反向传播神经网络(BPNN)建模结果作出比较。     

ARMA模型频率估计方法在轴频提取中的应用

轴频提取的前提是对信号频率有较高的估计精度,采用传统的FFT谱估计技术来获得高精度信号频率需要增加计算量;基于自回归-滑动平均ARMA模型的谱估计技术是一种现代高分辨谱估计技术,在小样本、低信噪比状态下具有很好的频率估计性能.文章将这种方法实用于对水下目标辐射噪声谐波频率进行估计,用仿真和实验分析了该方法的性能.     

A model of joint activity participation between household members

A proportional shares model of daily time allocation is developed and applied to the analysis of joint activity participation between adult household members. The model is unique in its simultaneous representation of each decision maker's decisions concerning independent activity participation, allocation of time to joint activities, and the interplay between individual and joint activities. Further, the model structure ensures that predicted shares of joint activity outcomes be the same for both decision makers, an improvement over models that do not make interpersonal linkages explicit. The empirical analysis of travel diary data shows that employment commitments and childcare responsibilities have significant effects on tradeoffs between joint and independent activities. In addition, evidence is presented for the continued relevance of gender-based role differences in caring for children and employment participation.     

轿车车型选优模型的建立及应用

针对消费者所关注的车型问题,提出以动力性、经济性、可靠性、安全性、环保性和美观舒适性6项汽车主要性能指标作为优选轿车车型的评价指标,应用层次分析法确立各指标的权重值,建立轿车车型选优模型作为轿车选型的参考标准。并应用该模型对价位在9万元左右的5款家用经济型轿车进行评价,其结果与实际相符,验证了该模型的可行性。     

汽车电机噪声在线检测技术的研究

在分析汽车电机噪声、振动特性的基础上，考虑到现场背景噪声对检测的不利影响，提出了基于汽车电机振动信号的噪声检测方法。对所采集的电机振动信号，使用AR建模方法，得到信号的模型参数并以此构造判别函数。以判别函数为依据，实现基于振动信号的汽车电机噪声在线检测。     

Multi-commodity traffic assignment by continuum approximation of network flow with variable demand

Consider a city with several highly compact central business districts (CBD), and the commuters’ destinations from each of them are dispersed over the whole city. Since at a particular location inside the city the traffic movements from different CBDs share the same space and do not cancel out each other as in conventional fluid flow problems albeit travelling in different directions, the traffic flows from a CBD to the destinations over the city are considered as one commodity. The interaction of the traffic flows among different commodities is governed by a cost–flow relationship. The case of variable demand is considered. The primal formulation of the continuum equilibrium model is given and proved to satisfy the user optimal conditions, and the dual formulation of the problem and its complementary conditions are also discussed. A finite element method is then employed to solve the continuum problem. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

二维几何构型的过渡圆法及其在冲裁毛坯排样中的应用

介绍的二维几何构型的过渡圆法减少了二维图形计算机处理时人工数据准备量．使二维图形的计算机处理更简捷．同时结合冲裁毛坯排样问题，介绍了过渡圆法的应用．     

考虑结构性的土体本构模型的建模方法

土体的结构性模型是土力学的核心问题.本文根据不同的模型理论和方法,把土体的结构性模型分为复合体本构模型、微观力学本构模型和土体的塑性理论模型,并对各个模型的研究现状、建模的思路与实质进行研究.     

A Generalized Rough Set Modeling Method for Welding Process

Modeling is essential, significant and difficult for the quality and shaping control of arc welding process. A generalized rough set based modeling method was brought forward and a dynamic predictive model for pulsed gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) was obtained by this modeling method. The results show that this modeling method can well acquire knowledge in welding and satisfy the real life application. In addition, the results of comparison between classic rough set model and back-propagation neural network model respectively are also satisfying.