Application of PETSc in soil-water coupled geotechnical problems

In this paper, parallel library, portable extensible toolkit for scientific computation (PETSc), is used to solve linear systems in soil-water coupled finite element method (FEM) for geotechnical problems. The parallel environment is integrated into GLEAVES, which is a geotechnical software package used for the finite element simulation. The linear system ·· = · which is a fundamental and the most time-consuming part of the FEM is solved with iterative solvers in PETSc. In order to find a robust and effective combination of iterative solvers and corresponding preconditioners for the soil-water coupled problems, performance evaluations on Krylov subspace methods and four preconditioners are carried out. The results indicate that general minimal residual (GMRES) method coupled with preconditioners can provide an effective solution. The application to a construction project is presented to illustrate the potential of the proposed solution.     

运城地区高速公路服务设施冬季采暖环境问题分析及对策

通过调查对运城地区高速公路服务设施冬季采暖存在的环境问题进行分析,结合国家节能减排要求,提出了利用地源热泵清洁能源代替燃煤锅炉的对策措施,并从技术、经济和环境方面分析了地源热泵技术应用的可行性。     

Monitoring Aircraft Turnaround Operations – Framework Development,Application and Implications for Airline Operations

Abstract

A real-time operation monitoring system – Aircraft Turnaround Monitoring System – is developed based on a system framework to monitor aircraft turnaround operations at an airport. Mobile computing devices (PDAs) and wireless network technology General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) are used to implement the real-time monitoring system for an airline. System implementation and test results indicate that real-time operation monitoring can potentially reduce delays occurring from airline operations. Proactive measures can be taken immediately by ground handling staff to reduce delays, once the risk of delays and potential delay propagation is identified. The availability of detailed operating data can help airlines identify the root delay causes from complex connections among aircraft, flight/cabin crew and passengers. In addition, these operating data also shed some light on the future development of aircraft routing algorithms in order to consider explicitly stochastic disruptions and delay propagation in airline schedule planning.     

高速公路建设项目资金管理问题探讨

高速公路建设项目普遍具有投资规模大、建设周期长、涉及利益群体多的特点,在建设过程中,资金管理易出现问题。文章结合当前高速公路建设项目的实际情况,阐述了其实施过程中资金管理存在的问题,分析了问题产生的原因,并提出了防范和控制资金管理问题的相关措施。     

基于鲁棒性的船体中横剖面多目标优化

工程应用中在进行鲁棒性优化设计时,要求所求出的解既要具有较高的质量,又要满足一定的鲁棒性要求。将鲁棒性优化问题转化为一个双目标的优化问题,即一个目标为解的最优性,另一个目标为解的鲁棒性,并针对一艘最大应力接近许用应力的多用途船进行基于鲁棒性的中横剖面优化设计。首先,用支持向量机的方法建立船体舱段的近似模型,用于求取舱段的最大应力,并结合蒙特卡罗积分的思想构造出表示最大应力鲁棒性的函数;随后,以最大应力最小和最大应力的鲁棒性函数值最小为目标函数,设计出一种求解鲁棒性最优解的粒子群多目标优化算法。优化结果不仅能降低船体结构的最大应力,同时还可较大程度地提高最大应力的鲁棒性,证明了该方法的可行性。     

Solving train formation problem using simulated annealing algorithm in a simplex framework

The train formation plan (TFP) determines the train services and their frequencies and assigns the demands. The TFP models are often formulated as a capacitated service network design problem, and the optimal solution is normally difficult to find. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of the Simplex method and simulated annealing is proposed for the TFP problem. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is to use a simulated annealing algorithm to explore the solution space, where the revised Simplex method evaluates, selects, and implements the moves. In the proposed algorithm, the neighborhood structure is based on the pivoting rules of the Simplex method that provides an efficient method to reach the neighbors of the current solution. A state‐of‐the‐art method is applied for parameters tuning by using the design of experiments approach. To evaluate the proposed model and the solution method, 25 test problems have been simulated and solved. The results show the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed approach is implemented to develop the TFP in the Iranian railway as a case study. It is possible to save significant time and cost through solving the TFP problem by using the proposed algorithm and developing the efficient TFP plan in the railway networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

震后恢复期物资配送中的多周期选址-联运问题

震后恢复期的物资配送是一项复杂的系统工程,针对震后恢复期两级救援物资 配送系统中的多品种物资、多运输方式、多周期决策等特征,提出了一个以系统总费用最 小为目标的混合整数线性规划模型,用以解决震后恢复期救援物流系统中的选址-联运 问题.针对该模型的特点,设计了一种结合启发式规则的分周期、分阶段解码的混合遗传 算法. 以“5.12”汶川大地震恢复期救援物资保障过程构建算例,对该模型和算法进行了实 例验证. 结果表明,该算法具有较好的性能,可以有效解决震后恢复期物资配送中的多周 期选址-联运问题.     

浅析老年心理健康问题及护理

随着我国人口逐渐老龄化,使得我国人口平均寿命不断延长,根据老年人心理健康问题的现状及表现,分析老年心理健康问题的原因,提出解决方案;并在护理过程中要求我们加强与他们的沟通和联系、了解他们的心理需求;不断改善护理工作,从而提高护理质量,确保他们的身心健康。     

网络型甩挂运输模式下的车辆调度问题

研究甩挂运输的车辆调度问题对于提高运输效率、节约运输成本具有重要意义。本文在总结归纳甩挂运输组织模式的基础上,对网络型甩挂运输车辆调度问题进行研究。网络型甩挂运输属于满载多车场车辆调度问题,本文结合甩挂运输及满载多车场车辆调度问题的特点,建立了数学模型、设计了相应算法,并通过具体算例进行分析。算例结果表明,经过合理的车辆调度,更能发挥甩挂运输节能减排的优势。