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491.
492.
In a platoon, vehicles travel one after another with small intervehicle distances; trailing vehicles in a platoon save fuel because they experience less aerodynamic drag. This work presents a coordinated platooning model with multiple speed options that integrates scheduling, routing, speed selection, and platoon formation/dissolution in a mixed-integer linear program that minimizes the total fuel consumed by a set of vehicles while traveling between their respective origins and destinations. The performance of this model is numerically tested on a grid network and the Chicago-area highway network. We find that the fuel-savings factor of a multivehicle system significantly depends on the time each vehicle is allowed to stay in the network; this time affects vehicles’ available speed choices, possible routes, and the amount of time for coordinating platoon formation. For problem instances with a large number of vehicles, we propose and test a heuristic decomposed approach that applies a clustering algorithm to partition the set of vehicles and then routes each group separately. When the set of vehicles is large and the available computational time is small, the decomposed approach finds significantly better solutions than does the full model. 相似文献
493.
Recently, electric vehicles are gaining importance which helps to reduce dependency on oil, increases energy efficiency of transportation, reduces carbon emissions and noise, and avoids tail pipe emissions. Because of short daily driving distances, high mileage, and intermediate waiting time, fossil-fuelled taxi vehicles are ideal candidates for being replaced by battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Moreover, taxi BEVs would increase visibility of electric mobility and therefore encourage others to purchase an electric vehicle. Prior to replacing conventional taxis with BEVs, a suitable charging infrastructure has to be established. This infrastructure consists of a sufficiently dense network of charging stations taking into account the lower driving ranges of BEVs.In this case study we propose a decision support system for placing charging stations in order to satisfy the charging demand of electric taxi vehicles. Operational taxi data from about 800 vehicles is used to identify and estimate the charging demand for electric taxis based on frequent origins and destinations of trips. Next, a variant of the maximal covering location problem is formulated and solved to satisfy as much charging demand as possible with a limited number of charging stations. Already existing fast charging locations are considered in the optimization problem. In this work, we focus on finding regions in which charging stations should be placed rather than exact locations. The exact location within an area is identified in a post-optimization phase (e.g., by authorities), where environmental conditions are considered, e.g., the capacity of the power network, availability of space, and legal issues.Our approach is implemented in the city of Vienna, Austria, in the course of an applied research project that has been conducted in 2014. Local authorities, power network operators, representatives of taxi driver guilds as well as a radio taxi provider participated in the project and identified exact locations for charging stations based on our decision support system. 相似文献
494.
滑柱摆臂式悬架转向梯形断开点位置的优化及分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文应用空间机构运动学对滑柱摆臂式悬架进行空间运动计算,在此基础上对转向梯形断开点位置的确定进行详细分析计算,编制了确定断开点位置的通用优化计算程序。与传统的平面作图法和平面解析法相比,本文考虑了更多的因素,计算结果更符合实际情况。 相似文献
495.
优化振动压路机工作参数 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
讨论了振动压路机—土体的动力学模型。以土体吸收最大功率为目标函数 ,优化振动压路机激振频率、振幅等主要工作参数 ,使之产生最佳压实效果 相似文献
496.
汽车悬挂参数的多级优化 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文以汽车最佳行驶平顺性为目标,提出了一种多级载荷悬挂参数优化的方法,并通过对多个最优点的拟合,得到相应的变刚度与变阻尼特性曲线以及弹性元件的P─δ(载荷一位移)关系,为汽车悬架设计提供了一种较合理的方法。 相似文献
497.
随着社会经济发展和科技进步,人类交通运输业已经进入综合交通运输系统的新时代。将优化方法应用到交通运输问题中,通过系统、科学的研究,制定最优的交通运输方案,已经成为现在和将来交通运输研究的主题之一。通过对一种联合交通运输问题建立优化模型,并用实际的数值结果加以验证,以期能为企业的领导者合理、科学地决策最佳方案提供更加有力的依据。 相似文献
498.
单交叉口的模糊控制与优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
模糊交通控制技术的研究,在提高交叉口通行能力方面已取得了较多成果。但是除了效率,交通公平也非常重要。本文提出一种在考虑变通安全的前提下,兼顾效率与公平的单交叉口模糊控制模型。该模型包括两个子控制器:相序控制器根据各车道的交通紧急程度决定通行相位;时间控制器根据该相位所属各车道的交通需求程度决定通行时间。同时,设计了改进的遗传算法,用于高效获得理想的控制策略。仿真结果表明,即使基于经验确定该模型的控制策略,也比感应控制和Pappis模型更加高效与公平,优化模型则进一步提高了算法的性能。 相似文献
499.
在组合臂架变幅过程中需要解决两个问题:(1)初始参数的确定;(2)运动区间的确定。文章综合考虑两点,在对初始参数进行改善的基础上,将同伦方程引入连杆曲线方程的分析中,并采用数值延拓技术,扩大迭代求解连杆曲线方的收敛范围。 相似文献
500.