Numerical study of ice-induced loads on ship hulls

A numerical model is introduced in this paper to investigate both global and local ice loads on ship hulls. This model is partly based on empirical data, by which the observed phenomena of continuous icebreaking can be well reproduced. In the simulation of a full-scale icebreaking trial, the interdependence between the ice load and the ship’s motion is considered, and the three degree-of-freedom rigid body equations of surge, sway and yaw are solved by numerical integration. The variations in the level ice thickness and in the strength properties of ice can also be taken into account. The simulated ice loads on ship hulls are discussed through two case studies, in which the ship’s performance, the statistics of ice-induced frame loads, and the spatial distribution of ice loads around the hull are analyzed and compared with field measurements. As far as we know the present paper is the first to integrate all the features above. It is hoped that further studies on this numerical model can supplement the field and laboratory measurements in establishing a design basis for the ice-going ships especially for ships navigating in the first-year ice.     

客车漆膜的抛光工艺

简要介绍客车漆膜抛光的作用、原理、工艺以及施工注意事项。     

海冰对港口作业的影响及应对措施

渤海和北黄海每年冬季都有结冰现象。海冰能够封锁港口、堵塞航道、破坏近海结构物、使航行中的船舶受损,给船舶进出港航行、操纵及靠离码头作业等带来极大困难,对港口运营也有较大的影响,严重情况会导致重大海难事故。从港口建设决策者及运营管理者的角度出发,多方面阐述了海冰对港口作业的影响,并重点论述了港口应对海冰灾害的措施,为冰况区港口能够延长作业天数及安全生产提供参考。     

客车面漆起泡原因分析

从宏观和微观两方面对一客车面漆起泡的原因进行分析,并介绍一些防治方法。     

Trapped waves within the blocking frequency under compressed sea ice and two-dimensional current

The existence of trapped modes due to a horizontal submerged rigid cylinder placed below a compressed ice-covered surface is shown to exist within the frequency band of wave blocking by employing linearized water wave theory and with the inclusion of the effects of a two-dimensional current and the obliqueness of the propagating wave. A new modified multipole expansion method catering to the multiple propagating modes is proposed. The impact of different choices of propagating modes at a fixed frequency within the above-mentioned band on the trapped modes is detailed. Multiple trapped modes whose number depends on the direction and magnitude of the current exist within the frequency band. Out of the three choices of current types considered, while two of them result in the generation of trapped modes for all three possible choices of the propagating wave, the remaining one shows that only one propagating mode can generate a trapped wave. A break in the continuous spectrum of the trapped mode frequency due to the wave blocking and at the point of inflexion is presented. There exists a region of angle of propagation within which an abundance of the trapped mode is shown. The surface profiles for different angles of propagation and choices of propagating modes are illustrated graphically. The trapped modes associated with a higher angle of propagation decay at a faster rate.     

基于流凌演进数值模拟的可视化方法

针对流凌演进三维可视化技术在冰冻河流可视化仿真方面不足的问题，结合MIKE21与ArcGIS软件，提出一种基于流凌演进数值模拟结果的可视化方法。通过模型构建、网格划分、边界条件确定，开展流凌演进数值模拟与分析，建立面向可视化的流凌演进数值模拟结果提取方法，实现流凌演进三维可视化仿真场景与数值模拟的可视化数据融合。基于空间数据库与属性数据库，建立的流凌演进仿真模拟系统，可全方位展示流凌演进过程中地形、水流、堤防结构物等仿真模拟结果。     

极地物探船冰载荷有限元计算方法

采用LS-DYNA有限元软件建立极地物探船的船-水域-海冰有限元模型，计算得到该型船在设计破冰厚度和设计航速下的冰载荷量和冰载荷时程曲线，并进一步研究冰体单元尺寸对冰载荷计算结果的影响。研究表明，冰载荷最大值随冰体有限元单元尺寸减小而减小。对比相关冰载荷经验公式计算结果，最终确定合理的冰体单元尺寸。研究结果对极地物探船的结构设计和结构安全性评估具有重要意义。