城市公交项目经济评价中的运营成本估算方法

本文从分析城市公交运营成本的构成出发,探索运用不同的公交运营指标分别计量各类运营成本的途径,并以一个简化的快速公交项目为实例,介绍了项目运营成本的估算方法和步骤,对可行性研究阶段的城市公交项目的经济评价工作具有一定的借鉴意义。     

The value of time and external benefits in bicycle appraisal

We estimate the value of time savings, different cycling environments and additional benefits in cost-benefit analysis of cycling investments. Cyclists’ value of travel time savings turns out to be high, considerably higher than the value of time savings on alternative modes. Cyclists also value other improvements highly, such as separated bicycle lanes. As to additional benefits of cycling improvements in the form of health and reduced car traffic, our results do not support the notion that these will be a significant part in a cost-benefit analysis. Bicyclists seem to take health largely into account when making their travel choices, implying that it would be double-counting to add total health benefits to the analysis once the consumer surplus has been correctly calculated. As to reductions in car traffic, our results indicate that the cross-elasticity between car and cycle is low, and hence benefits from traffic reductions will be small. However, the valuations of improved cycling speeds and comfort are so high that it seems likely that improvements for cyclists are cost-effective compared to many other types of investments, without having to invoke second-order, indirect effects. In other words, our results suggest that bicycle should be viewed as a competitive mode of travel and not primarily as a means to achieve improved health or reduced car traffic.     

对工程机械现行机动性评价指标的探讨

工程机械现行机动性评价指标是指工程机械的最小转向直径，而这并不能表征工程机械转向的全过程，也不能全面反映工程机械的机动性。在分析了工程机械转向的全过程和影响工程机械机动性的各种因素后，提出了一种更为合理和全面的工程机械机动性的检测评价指标。     

Transporting Singapore—The Air‐Conditioned Nation

Abstract

The role of a metaphor of centrally controlled air conditioning in governing Singaporean transport planning is examined, and its consequences evaluated. A modern transportation system has been put in place to link a hierarchy of central places. Tight government control has made change possible. A reliance on technical expertise at the expense of public involvement has, however, failed to develop public transport to effectively serve a range of dispersed‐destination travel needs. Regulatory approaches, furthermore, have discouraged service innovation. Policies making car purchase expensive have restricted car ownership. Effective change would be facilitated by involving a highly educated public more in decision‐making.     

液压挖掘机效能的模糊综合评判法

以液压挖掘机选型为例，建立了液压挖掘机综合效能评价模型，介绍了工程机械综合效能评价及选型的模糊综合评判法的具体应用。这种方法不仅全面考虑了代表机械性能的各种主要因素，而且兼顾了使用者的具体使用要求，方法灵活，简单可靠，是工程机械选型和性能评价的一个重要方法。     

无触点点火系统的评估

针对目前发动机制造厂对无触点分电器的触发方式、点火模块和安装方式等方面提出的诸多要求，从火花参数、可靠的点火正时、能量转换效率、可靠性和生产成本方面，对无触点分电器点火系统进行了综合评述，并给出了设计实例。     

完善企业内部控制评价标准的思考

文章从企业内部控制的特征、本质和社会经济发展的角度,分析完善内部控制评价标准的必要性,并在此基础上提出了完善内部控制评价标准的建议：遵循通用的五要素原则,注意完整性、合理性和有效性。     

浅谈二手商用汽车市场前景及鉴定评估

通过对近几年中国新车市场迅猛提升的现状和二手车销量增长的态势,分析二手车市场的前景和鉴定评估人才的需求。提出二手商用汽车鉴定评估主要理论、方法,将FMEA(失效模式与影响分析)导入二手商用车鉴定评估中,并进行分析和阐述。     

双曲拱桥检测与评估实例

为了解某双曲拱桥的承载能力和病害情况，对该桥进行了实地检测、分析和评估，并提出了维修建议方案。     

远程教育的教学质量与评价方法

通过对现代远程教育特征的分析,探讨对远程教育教学质量评价方法的改进。