Port privatization under Cournot vs. Bertrand competition: a third-market approach

By incorporating port competition into a third-market model consisting of two exporting firms and one importing country, we demonstrate the endogenous choice of port structures (i.e. privatization or public ownership) under either Bertrand or Cournot competition. In contrast to previous studies on port competition, we analyze the port strategy in view of all trading countries (i.e. importing country and exporting countries). We find that regardless of transport cost, the port ownership strategy alters according to exporting firm’s competition mode. Under Bertrand competition, the choice of port ownership structure depends on the degree of imperfect substitutability. However, under Cournot competition, all trading countries choose same ownership structures of each port. By comparing equilibrium of each competition mode, we show that welfare of exporting country under Cournot competition is higher than under Bertrand competition if goods are sufficiently substitutes. In contrast, importing country prefers Bertrand competition to Cournot competition when the competitive pressure is sufficiently high.     

色彩的变化搭配及作用

阐述了色彩在实际生活中的应用,尤其是在无数生产企业不断推出大量新产品的今天,色彩以最低的投入成本取得较大的利润;分析了原来颜色仅作为造型设计中的一个要素,为什么现在会转变为人们所关注的焦点的原因;同时描述了色彩在自然界中的变化、搭配及作用,尤其在汽车内饰当中的作用。指出了不同颜色的自身特征给人以不同的感受,以及颜色还随着环境的不同会产生不同的效果等。     

基于模态应力恢复的汽车零部件虚拟疲劳试验方法

基于有限元模态分析、柔性多体动力学求解和疲劳寿命预测的相关理论,通过模态应力恢复得到了汽车零部件疲劳载荷历程,并将其应用于虚拟疲劳试验,解决了汽车设计过程中无法快速、准确预知零部件疲劳寿命的难题。该试验方法应用于某车双横臂独立前悬中的下横臂,在较短的时间内获得了该零件的预测疲劳寿命、寿命安全系数及危险部位等信息。结果表明该虚拟疲劳试验方法可作为汽车设计过程中的有效试验手段。     

汽车车身冲压技术的现状及发展趋势

本文从汽车车身冲压厂的设置，管理到设备，工艺等与冲压件质量直接关联的几个方面分析了国内外汽车车身板件冲压技术的现状及发展趋势。     

SF－350型滑模式水泥混凝土摊铺机调平转向机构的原理及操作

ＳＦ－３５０型滑模式水泥混凝土摊铺机调平转向机构的原理及操作湖南省公路局曹继昌关键词：滑模式水泥混凝土摊铺机，调平，转向，原理，方向，水平，自动控制１调平及转向原理在所需铺筑路面的旁侧，按照路面施工的要求标高及路形，预先拉设一根尼龙绳。作为机器调平和...     

二甲醚用作汽车空调制冷剂的实验研究

根据二甲醚的热物理性质对二甲醚的制冷循环性能进行了分析,并在R134 a汽车空调系统上对二甲醚的制冷性能进行了测试。结果表明:由于二甲醚的气相和液相黏度都比较小,使用二甲醚作为制冷剂可以减小系统的阻力,有利于系统制冷性能的提高。二甲醚可以直接灌注式替代R134 a,但会造成蒸发器出口过热度降低,需对膨胀阀弹簧预紧力进行调整,才能充分发挥二甲醚的制冷性能。     

Alternative Modeling Approaches Used for Examining Automobile Ownership: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Household vehicle ownership, and the associated dimensions including fleet size, vehicle type and usage, has been one of the most researched transport topics. This paper endeavors to provide a critical overview of the wide-ranging methodological approaches employed in vehicle ownership modeling depending on the ownership representation over the past two decades. The studies in the existing literature based on the vehicle ownership representation are classified as: exogenous static, exogenous dynamic, endogenous static and endogenous dynamic models. The methodological approaches applied range from simple linear regressions to complex econometrics formulations taking into account a rich set of covariates. In spite of the steady advancement and impressive evolution in terms of methodological approaches to examine the decision process, we identify complex issues that pose a formidable challenge to address the evolution of vehicle ownership in the coming years. Specifically, we discuss challenges with data availability and methodological framework selection. In light of these discussions, we provide a decision matrix for aiding researchers/practitioners in determining appropriate model frameworks for conducting vehicle ownership analysis.     

对船舶污染损害侵权责任及索赔主体问题的探讨

船舶污染事故是造成海洋环境污染损害的主要原因之一,建立完善的船舶污染损害索赔机制,保证受损方获得及时的赔偿,是恢复海洋环境、维护受害者利益所必须的。文中从民法的基本原理出发,对国家海域所有权、海域使用权等进行了论述,并按照民事侵权责任的承担原则,对索赔权利主体的确定等问题进行了探讨。     

汽车维修专业模块式一体化教学研究

文章针对中等职业技术学校汽车维修专业学生文化知识基础较差、学习缺乏主动性等特点，分析和研究了如何改革教学方法、推行模块式一体化教学等问题，提出将学生培养成为合格的汽车维修行业人才的方法。     

30年来中国轿车市场的5次波动

系统论述了中国轿车市场1978--2008年发生的5次波动。通过对前4次波动的研究，提出了新的车市研究方法体系一车市波动分析法，该方法成功预报了第5次波动期的主要阶段。详细介绍了轿车市场第5次波动期的全过程，分析了中国轿车市场波动规律的“井喷”和“余喷”现象，以及2009--2010年轿车市场发展趋势。