Human Impacts on Cable Beach,Broome (Western Australia)

There are concerns that Cable Beach, which is of outstanding natural beauty and a major tourist attraction for Broome and the Kimberley region of northwest Australia, is suffering damage from recreational use, particularly that caused by off-road vehicles. To assess current levels of human impact on the shore and its fauna, the southern-most kilometer of the Beach, covering an area to which vehicles had access and an adjacent area closed to vehicles, was surveyed for human usage and shore crab abundance. Human usage over the recording period was high in the area with high vehicular access. The amount of litter, although considerable, was well below that recorded in some other tourist destinations elsewhere in the world. Burrows of both the ghost crabs Ocypode spp, and the sand bubbler, Scopimera inflata, were less numerous in areas of high vehicle use than those of low use. Both species may be valuable in monitoring human impacts on Cable Beach.     

Linking Chinese cultural values and the adoption of electric vehicles: The mediating role of ethical evaluation

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been regarded as one of the most prominent green technologies, touted to help reduce global energy consumption and carbon emissions. China advocates the development of EVs to address the increasing challenges of climate change, urban air pollution and energy security, but consumers’ enthusiasm for adopting EVs remains low. In this paper, we present a concept model that hypothesizes Chinese cultural values as a key to understanding Chinese consumers’ intention to adopt EVs. Based on a nationwide online survey in China, this study explores Chinese consumers’ attitudes toward two types of EVs—battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles—by identifying the influence of the human–nature relationship, long-term orientation, face consciousness, and risk attitude, as well as the mediating effect of deontological ethical evaluation in decision-making. The results suggest that public policy and social marketing efforts should pay more attention to the role of cultural values when promoting environmentally sustainable technologies, and importantly, that the promotion efforts should differ for different cultural elements and products with different levels of innovativeness.     

基于大数据的新能源汽车个性化售后服务推荐系统

国内新能源汽车售后服务市场起步较晚,用户满意率不高,服务体系亟待完善,在大数据的时代背景下,跳脱出固有的被动服务的思维模式,借助信息化的强大力量刻画用户画像,构建符合时代发展和用户个性化需求的主动推荐售后服务系统,由"用户主动预约"向"主动预约用户"转变,扭转我国新能源汽车售后服务市场态势,将成为我国新能源汽车售后服务发展的一大趋势。     

关于新能源汽车的故障问题与维修关键技术

现在随着人们日常生活水平的提高和科技发展的进步,人们现在出行大都使用汽车进行代步出行。随着汽车越来越多,人们日常出行也越来越频繁,对于汽车排放的污气,对城市造成了一定的污染。所以在保护环境的前提下,我国又制造出了新能源汽车,既解决了环境污染的问题,又给人们的日常生活带来了一定的便利。但是现在新能源汽车的故障问题和维修技术是一个重要的问题。     

四轮转向技术在牵引汽车中的应用

简述车辆四轮转向技术的应用，经过对机场牵引汽车四轮转向系统的研究，提出一种新的控制方式，在随动轮角度跟随基础上加入汽车行驶速度控制因子，既解决了车辆高速行驶的稳定性问题，也保证了车辆低速转弯的灵活性。     

Trends in vehicle motion control for automated driving on public roads

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we describe how vehicle systems and the vehicle motion control are affected by automated driving on public roads. We describe the redundancy needed for a road vehicle to meet certain safety goals. The concept of system safety as well as system solutions to fault tolerant actuation of steering and braking and the associated fault tolerant power supply is described. Notably restriction of the operational domain in case of reduced capability of the driving automation system is discussed. Further we consider path tracking, state estimation of vehicle motion control required for automated driving as well as an example of a minimum risk manoeuver and redundant steering by means of differential braking. The steering by differential braking could offer heterogeneous or dissimilar redundancy that complements the redundancy of described fault tolerant steering systems for driving automation equipped vehicles. Finally, the important topic of verification of driving automation systems is addressed.     

基于扰动观测的智能驾驶主动抗扰纵向车速控制算法

为了减少智能驾驶车辆的纵向车速控制的时滞,提高主动抗扰性,提出一种基于扰动观测的纵向车速控制算法,并进行了实车验证。模型中,采用前馈控制模块,并提前输出控制量,来提高车速跟随的响应性;以主动抗扰控制(ADRC)模块作为反馈环节,采用扩张状态观测器(ESO)在线估计内外部扰动,并在控制端进行补偿,实现了对车速的精确闭环控制。在弯道、环岛等路况下进行了实车实验。结果表明:该算法可以在5 s内控制车速从怠速快速跟踪到目标车速,总体平均误差为0.17 km/h。因而,该算法较传统的比例积分微分(PID)有更好的响应性、控制精度和抗扰性。     

Collaborative merging strategy for freeway ramp operations in a connected and autonomous vehicles environment

In a connected vehicle environment, vehicles are able to communicate and exchange detailed information such as speed, acceleration, and position in real time. Such information exchange is important for improving traffic safety and mobility. This allows vehicles to collaborate with each other, which can significantly improve traffic operations particularly at intersections and freeway ramps. To assess the potential safety and mobility benefits of collaborative driving enabled by connected vehicle technologies, this study developed an optimization-based ramp control strategy and a simulation evaluation platform using VISSIM, MATLAB, and the Car2X module in VISSIM. The ramp control strategy is formulated as a constrained nonlinear optimization problem and solved by the MATLAB optimization toolbox. The optimization model provides individual vehicles with step-by-step control instructions in the ramp merging area. In addition to the optimization-based ramp control strategy, an empirical gradual speed limit control strategy is also formulated. These strategies are evaluated using the developed simulation platform in terms of average speed, average delay time, and throughput and are compared with a benchmark case with no control. The study results indicate that the proposed optimal control strategy can effectively coordinate merging vehicles at freeway on-ramps and substantially improve safety and mobility, especially when the freeway traffic is not oversaturated. The ramp control strategy can be further extended to improve traffic operations at bottlenecks caused by incidents, which cause approximately 25% of traffic congestion in the United States.     

SQ6型凹底双层运输汽车专用车车体制造工艺

阐述了SQ6型凹底双层运输汽车专用车车体的制造工艺，分析了制造过程中的工艺难点，制定了相关的工艺措施，保证了SQ6型凹底双层运输汽车专用车的批量生产。     

Coping with uncertainty: an expedition into the field of new transport technology

Many decisions taken by mankind are rational only to a limited extent. This holds for individual travel behaviour, but also for long-range strategic decisions on transport systems or transport technology. In any decision problem, coping with uncertainty is the most critical element. The introduction of new transport technology is surrounded by uncertainty. For example, there is uncertainty about the pace and extent of adoption of new technology and there is uncertainty about the impact of new technology in terms of increased sustainability or increased efficiency. This article maps uncertainty surrounding new transport technology and identifies ways in which to deal with uncertainty in policy making. The findings will be illustrated with electric vehicles, particularly with two specific strategies to deal with uncertainty: interactive technology watching and experimentation in a market niche. The paper concludes with a discussion of success factors that influence the outcomes of such strategies.