某实验装置尾气处理新工艺

介绍了一种装置尾气处理的新工艺,即用重力沉降室除去尾气中的固体颗粒物,再用活性炭吸附处理尾气中的HF气体。这种工艺会大大提高处理效率,有效延长真空泵机组的使用寿命,也会大大节省人力物力。     

建筑改造工程混凝土结构加固技术的应用

以旧建筑物改造应用混凝土结构加固技术施工为例 ,通过对粘钢、粘贴碳纤维、植筋等新工艺和技术方案比较、优化 ,阐述粘贴碳纤维、植筋等工艺和施工方法 ,并针对产生质量问题原因和冬期施工注意事项加以说明。     

广州港洪圣沙码头碳纤维加固修复工程

广州港洪圣沙码头经过20年的使用,发生了一些构件及设施破损现象,通过对80个桩帽的检查,发现有21个桩帽出现不同程度的破坏,其中有4个桩帽的裂缝为发展型变形。根据设计要求,采用碳纤维布加固修补结构技术和环氧水泥砂浆技术对这些桩帽进行修复,以达到对桩帽加固补强目的。     

Carbonate chemistry dynamics and carbon dioxide fluxes across the atmosphere–ice–water interfaces in the Arctic Ocean: Pacific sector of the Arctic

Climatic changes in the Northern Hemisphere have led to remarkable environmental changes in the Arctic Ocean, which is surrounded by permafrost. These changes include significant shrinking of sea-ice cover in summer, increased time between sea-ice break-up and freeze-up, and Arctic surface water freshening and warming associated with melting sea-ice, thawing permafrost, and increased runoff. These changes are commonly attributed to the greenhouse effect resulting from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration and other non-CO₂ radiatively active gases (methane, nitrous oxide). The greenhouse effect should be most pronounced in the Arctic where the largest air CO₂ concentrations and winter–summer variations in the world for a clean background environment were detected. However, the air–land–shelf interaction in the Arctic has a substantial impact on the composition of the overlying atmosphere; as the permafrost thaws, a significant amount of old terrestrial carbon becomes available for biogeochemical cycling and oxidation to CO₂. The Arctic Ocean's role in determining regional CO₂ balance has been ignored, because of its small size (only  4% of the world ocean area) and because its continuous sea-ice cover is considered to impede gaseous exchange with the atmosphere so efficiently that no global climate models include CO₂ exchange over sea-ice. In this paper we show that: (1) the Arctic shelf seas (the Laptev and East-Siberian seas) may become a strong source of atmospheric CO₂ because of oxidation of bio-available eroded terrestrial carbon and river transport; (2) the Chukchi Sea shelf exhibits the strong uptake of atmospheric CO₂; (3) the sea-ice melt ponds and open brine channels form an important spring/summer air CO₂ sink that also must be included in any Arctic regional CO₂ budget. Both the direction and amount of CO₂ transfer between air and sea during open water season may be different from transfer during freezing and thawing, or during winter when CO₂ accumulates beneath Arctic sea-ice; (4) direct measurements beneath the sea ice gave two initial results. First, a drastic pCO₂ decrease from 410 μatm to 288 μatm, which was recorded in February–March beneath the fast ice near Barrow using the SAMI-CO₂ sensor, may reflect increased photosynthetic activity beneath sea-ice just after polar sunrise. Second, new measurements made in summer 2005 beneath the sea ice in the Central Basin show relatively high values of pCO₂ ranging between 425 μatm and 475 μatm, values, which are larger than the mean atmospheric value in the Arctic in summertime. The sources of those high values are supposed to be: high rates of bacterial respiration, import of the Upper Halocline Water (UHW) from the Chukchi Sea (CS) where values of pCO₂ range between 400 and 600 μatm, a contribution from the Lena river plume, or any combination of these sources.     

“超级城市”——天津城市交通方式的展望

该文针对天津2020年将发展成为"超级城市"这个课题论述了第三代城市——"低碳生态城",结合天津"双港双城"新的城市总体发展战略,对未来城市交通模式——绿色交通进行研讨,通过对"超级城市"未来的车与路的展望,对道路交通设计提出8点新理念,对公交专用道、慢行交通——自行车专用道、人行道布设及道路横断面设计的创新思路进行初步研讨,可供同行参考。     

基于交通仿真的低碳交通策略评价方法研究

研究了交通领域低碳策略的分类,构建了不同层次交通仿真模型与低碳交通策略评价的对应关系,提出了交通仿真技术在低碳交通策略方案评价中的应用步骤。结合交通仿真模型输出数据特点、低碳策略评价的侧重点,选取碳排放量和机动车污染物排放量作为低碳策略评价的主要指标。在此基础上,以秦皇岛2020年规划路网为分析对象,开展了不同出行方式比例下低碳类指标的对比分析研究,以说明基于交通仿真的低碳交通策略评价方法的可行性和有效性。     

碳纤维加固技术在港口码头改造工程中的应用

目前混凝土结构的碳纤维加固技术主要用于陆上土木工程的结构物修复,由于港口码头的水工结构物均处于潮湿、水位变动频繁、氯离子含量较高的环境下,在原有港口工程案例中主要应用该技术加固混凝土结构的次要构件.本工程首次将碳纤维加固技术应用在码头结构物主要受力构件的加固中并取得成功,可为码头水工建筑物的加固修复提供参考.     

CFRP配筋超高性能混凝土柱受压性能试验

为明确碳纤维增强复合材料CFRP (Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer)配筋超高性能混凝土UHPC (Ultra-high-performance Concrete)柱的受力性能,对不同偏心率(e0/h0=0,0.15,0.3和0.6)下4根CFRP配筋UHPC柱试件进行受压性能试验研究,获...     

Economic factors affecting the registration of lower CO2 emitting aircraft in Europe

We examine the various forces influencing the development and uptake of environmentally beneficial technical changes, focusing on airline technology. Within this context, we consider not only the nature of competition within the final market in which aircraft, an intermediate product, are sold, but also that of the product market itself, the commercial airline industry. The reasons for the gradual reduction in CO₂ per seat per aircraft movement in aircraft design are examined in terms of the real costs of aviation fuel, changes in the nature of the supply industry, the movement towards carbon cap-trade policies, and endogenous technical progress in the technology of the industry. The latter being taken as an empirical proxy for the role market forms play in influencing the fuel efficiency of the types of aircraft used. The results support the existence of these latter forces on the demand for aircraft types, allowing for other influences that affect aircraft technology.     

香港典型山区道路汽车行驶工况污染物排放研究

通过安装车载测试系统收集香港港岛山区路段正常行驶工况下尾气中的CO、NOx、HC等污染物和油耗并辅助计算机软件进行分析。研究得出,山区道路设计、地形地貌和驾驶习惯对车辆油耗以及CO、NOx和HC排放有直接关系。可以通过坡道加宽、坡道延长、减少坡道红绿灯等措施减少车辆在山区道路行驶过程中速度变化频率,从而减少油耗以及CO、NOx和HC排放。