Measurements of car-body lateral vibration induced by high-speed trains negotiating complex terrain sections under strong wind conditions

Assessment of the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions is very important for research into the operation safety and comfort of passengers on high-speed trains. To assess the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions, we performed a field measurement when the train passes through typical sections of complex terrain along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway in China. We selected the lateral vibration conditions, including the roll angle and lateral displacement of car-body gravity centre through two typical representative sections (embankment–tunnel–embankment and embankment–rectangular transition–cutting) for analysis. The results show that the severe car-swaying phenomenon occurs when the high-speed train moves through the test section, and the car-body lateral vibration characteristic is related significantly to the state of the terrain and topography along the railway. The main causes for this car-swaying phenomenon may be the transitions between different windproof structures, and the greater the scale of the transition region between different windproof structures or landform changes, the more obvious the car-swaying phenomenon becomes. The lateral vibration of the car-body is relatively steady when the train is running through terrain with minor changes in topography, such as the windbreak installed on the bridge and embankment, but the tail car sways more violently than the head car. When the vehicle runs from the windbreak installed on the embankment into the tunnel (or in the opposite direction), the tail car sways more intensely than the head car, and the head car runs relatively stable in the tunnel.     

Vehicle response-based track geometry assessment using multi-body simulation

The assessment of the geometry of railway tracks is an indispensable requirement for safe rail traffic. Defects which represent a risk for the safety of the train have to be identified and the necessary measures taken. According to current standards, amplitude thresholds are applied to the track geometry parameters measured by recording cars. This geometry-based assessment has proved its value but suffers from the low correlation between the geometry parameters and the vehicle reactions. Experience shows that some defects leading to critical vehicle reactions are underestimated by this approach. The use of vehicle responses in the track geometry assessment process allows identifying critical defects and improving the maintenance operations. This work presents a vehicle response-based assessment method using multi-body simulation. The choice of the relevant operation conditions and the estimation of the simulation uncertainty are outlined. The defects are identified from exceedances of track geometry and vehicle response parameters. They are then classified using clustering methods and the correlation with vehicle response is analysed. The use of vehicle responses allows the detection of critical defects which are not identified from geometry parameters.     

Effect of handling characteristics on minimum time cornering with torque vectoring

In this paper, the effect of both passive and actively-modified vehicle handling characteristics on minimum time manoeuvring for vehicles with 4-wheel torque vectoring (TV) capability is studied. First, a baseline optimal TV strategy is sought, independent of any causal control law. An optimal control problem (OCP) is initially formulated considering 4 independent wheel torque inputs, together with the steering angle rate, as the control variables. Using this formulation, the performance benefit using TV against an electric drive train with a fixed torque distribution, is demonstrated. The sensitivity of TV-controlled manoeuvre time to the passive understeer gradient of the vehicle is then studied. A second formulation of the OCP is introduced where a closed-loop TV controller is incorporated into the system dynamics of the OCP. This formulation allows the effect of actively modifying a vehicle's handling characteristic via TV on its minimum time cornering performance of the vehicle to be assessed. In particular, the effect of the target understeer gradient as the key tuning parameter of the literature-standard steady-state linear single-track model yaw rate reference is analysed.     

某款纯电动客车系统匹配和方案设计

结合某款纯电动客车的研发与应用,介绍纯电动系统的匹配设计和整车CAN网络架构,并提出合理的纯电动系统高压配电管理方案。     

基于山区复杂路段下的车辆主动限速控制系统研究

山区复杂路段交通事故频发,行车安全问题亟待解决,因此研究该路段下的主动限速控制技术具有重要意义。本文阐述了主动限速控制系统的原理与构成,并且对车辆的运行安全车速进行了分析与建模,提出了主动限速的控制策略。最后通过对该系统软硬件进行了调试,初步验证了其可行性比较合理,能够指导驾驶人的行车安全。     

基于交通污染控制的多车型发展问题研究

针对汽车车型种类日益繁多,交通污染日益严重的问题,目前划分车型的依据多而杂。文中从汽车能源的角度划分车型,提出根据控制车型的拥有量来控制二氧化碳的排放,并建立模型计算碳排放量。从能源与环保角度,提出发展新型能源汽车,尤其是纯电动汽车,是必然的趋势,并给出了控制多车型发展的建议。     

陕西省高速公路轴载特性区域划分

路面结构设计中一般是结合实测轴载数据计算累计当量轴次,但是新建和改建路面设计中实测轴载数据的调查往往难以实现,导致预测交通量无法准确表征实际交通状况。针对此问题,通过对陕西省18条高速路段的车流量数据和6条典型高速路段的实测轴载数据进行比对,分析其车型分布规律、轴型分布规律以及轴载分布规律的区域特征,为利用轴载特性相似区域的已知轴载调查数据预测交通量提供理论依据。研究结果表明:西安周边地区小客车占比明显高于其他类型车辆占比,通往外省地区拖挂车占比与小客车占比接近;西安周边地区以轻型拖挂车为主,通往外省地区以重型拖挂车为主;2个区域的超载比例差异明显,通往外省地区高速路段的超载比例多数是西安周边地区的2倍。     

新能源汽车购买行为及其环境影响效果研究

为了考量新能源汽车的推广使用对环境的具体影响,对新能源汽车的购买行为和普及率进 行了研究,同时分析新能源汽车在优惠政策条件下在实际路网中的环境影响。首先,对大连市居 民进行了意向问卷调查,建立描述家庭新能源汽车购买行为模型;其次,应用该模型对新能源汽 车在大连市的普及率进行分析;最后,在道路收费优惠政策条件下,考虑新能源汽车的普及率和 出行频率的变化,利用多用户交通平衡分配模型进行实例分析,探索新能源汽车在实际路网中的 排放影响。结果表明,在低普及率情况下,新能源汽车的减排效果并不明显,而在高普及率情况 下,减排效果比较显著。然而,对于交通领域巨大的碳排放体量而言,低普及率带来的碳排放量 下降的累积效应仍是非常可观的。     

基于模糊神经网络的智能车辆循迹控制

为提高智能车辆自主循迹控制的精度,提出了一种基于模糊神经网络控制( FNNC)和神经网络预测( NNP)的智能循迹控制策略。转向控制器的输入量有3个：预瞄点处的横向循迹误差、汽车横摆角速度和侧向加速度。车速控制器的输入量有4个：预瞄点处的面积误差、侧向加速度、汽车侧偏角和转向盘转角。网络训练采用误差反向传播法。仿真与试验结果表明,所设计的循迹控制器通过对驾驶员操作样本的训练,能实现对车辆的车速与转向控制,横向循迹误差和目标车速均比较理想。     

连接片阻值对电动汽车用动力电池性能的影响

鉴于单体电池间连接片的阻值和极柱的位置影响单节电池的性能,基于Matlab/Simscape开发了单体电池模型,并利用此模型和以电阻模拟的连接片构建了单节电池模型,仿真分析了连接片阻值对单节电池性能的影响。结果表明,连接片的存在使与极柱相连的单体电池最先达到电池管理系统设定的放电截止电压,以致影响电池的性能;与极柱相连的单体电池的率先老化导致与其相邻的单体电池出现过放电的现象,影响单节电池的安全性。最后,设定各单体电池SOC间最大偏差为0.05,对不同并联电池数目的单节电池进行仿真,得出连接片与电池欧姆内阻阻值的合理比例。