数字罗经机械复示器的设计与实现

介绍利用数字控制器件-步进电机设计罗经复示器。介绍了复示器的机械结构、硬件电路组成、步进电机的驱动方式及软件实现方法,试验表明所设计的复示器具有指示精度高、响应速度快、无抖动等优点。     

Heat Release Rate and Temperature Field of a Bus on Fire北大核心CSCD

Bus fires are a common source of fires that occur in tunnels and are a huge threat to the safety of the tunnel structure and related personnel. An elaborate numerical simulation model of a bus is established considering the different combustion characteristics of the bus body, seats, decorations and baggage. For fires occuring at the bus head, middle part or back seat, the temperature field, heat release rate (HRR) and characteristics of the fire are ana-lyzed. The HRR calculation formula is obtained by superimposing a Boltzmann curve on a Gaussian curve. The re-sults show the peak and average values of a bus HRR are 48 MW and 8.1 MW, respectively, and the released energy due to combustion is 14.5 GJ; the maximum burning temperature reaches 1 040℃ and the temperature near the door can reach 60℃ after 120 sec. The temperature rises fastest at the bus door when the fire occurs at the rear of the bus and it has a high chance of detonating the fuel tank. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Socioeconomic factors affecting the job satisfaction levels of self-employed container truck drivers: a case study from Shanghai Port

The job satisfaction level (JSL) of self-employed container truck drivers (SCTDs) is vital to the container trucking industry’s (CTI) stability in China. An anonymous field survey of 645 SCTDs was conducted at Shanghai Port. Three ordered probit models were, respectively, developed to analyze the drivers’ JSLs, their attitudes, and reactions to a CTI downturn. This study contributes to the literature that the demographic variables were not statistically significant for the SCTDs’ current JSLs, while higher income SCTDs with fewer expenses were expected to have higher JSLs. During an industry downturn, drivers with families in Shanghai showed more job dissatisfaction. More working hours, lower income, expensive diesel fuel, a high consumer price index (CPI), and a low freight-to-distance ratio (FDR) significantly lowered the JSLs. An increase in the price of diesel fuel and the CPI, and a lower FDR exposed the industry to risk and instability. Additionally, credible evidence indicated that as the dissatisfaction levels of SCTDs rise in a downturn, SCTDs implement more practical measures that may negatively affect the industry’s stability as well as society’s. Based on these findings, managerial or policy implications were proposed to efficiently improve SCTDs’ JSLs and CTI stability in Shanghai.     

基于VISA技术的高速USB数据采集系统

高速USB数据采集系统的设计严格遵循USB2.0协议,实现了主机和测试设备之间简单、快速、可靠的连接和通信.该文介绍了这种数据采集系统的硬件组成、驱动程序和固件程序的设计以及采用虚拟仪器软件LabWindows/CVI在VISA技术上开发应用程序的设计方法.     

货车驾驶人驾驶行为与行车安全研究进展

驾驶行为是影响交通安全最活跃的因素,在“人-车-路”复杂环境中扮演着关键角色。为了深入理解货车驾驶人驾驶行为规律和行为风险性,本文聚焦货车驾驶人驾驶行为对行车安全的影响,对货车驾驶人的驾驶行为风格、行为风险性及其与行车安全的关系等相关研究成果进行系统地梳理和分析。首先,利用构建的文献检索策略,筛选出38篇相关文献,并结合LDA(Latent Dirichlet Allocation)模型,对生成的4个研究主题,即货车驾驶人驾驶行为辨识,危险驾驶行为与行车安全,货车碰撞事故致因分析及驾驶安全风险评估进行总结;其次,针对数据源、特征工程及建模方法等分析要素,构建了适用于任意研究主题的通用研究路径,并重点归纳了目前研究主题在数据源、变量选择方法、研究地点及建模方法等关键要素的研究进展;最后,分析和探讨了货车驾驶人驾驶行为与行车安全领域面临的主要问题,从描述、解释、关联及应用的角度提炼该领域研究的未来发展趋势。研究认为：有必要将驾驶状态特性、车辆运行状态及道路交通状况等多维特征变量进行多源信息融合,开展基于大数据和人工智能双驱动的驾驶行为研究;需加强研究山区公路环境下货车与其他类型车辆之间的交互作用机制,从“人-车-路”视角分析货车碰撞事故致因;需进一步完善智能网联和自动驾驶等高新智能自动化环境下的货车驾驶人驾驶行为与行车安全关系研究;拓展面向驾驶安全的货车驾驶人驾驶风险评估的理论方法和应用框架。研究 成果将为货车事故治理、公路货运平台监控及道路线形设计等应用场景提供重要依据,并有助于相对全面地理解货车驾驶人驾驶行为与道路行车安全的交互作用机理。     

基于数值生物力学模型的汽车正面碰撞中肥胖驾驶员头颈部损伤研究

以THUMS男性50百分位有限元模型为研究对象,使用Hypermesh软件中的Hypermorph功能对THUMS男性50百分位有限元模型进行网格变形,得到一系列不同BMI的肥胖有限元模型.建立了汽车正面100％重叠率碰撞仿真模型,对比了肥胖乘员与非肥胖乘员头、颈部的损伤差异.研究表明,头部损伤部分,BMI并未对HIC...     

基于SAE—J1939的车联网无线诊断终端产品的研究与开发

摘要：对当前车联网的发展背景进行简要介绍；并对OBD诊断技术、CAN总线技术、SAEJ39进行了较为详细的研究；提出了基于SAEJ1939的一种车联网无线诊断模块，并就模块硬件设计及应用进行了的阐述。     

An analysis of public bus transit performance in Indian cities

Maintaining and enhancing public transit service in Indian cities is important, to meet rapidly growing mass mobility needs, and curb personal motor vehicle activity and its impacts at low cost. Indian cities rely predominantly on buses for public transport, and are likely to continue to do so for years. However, the public bus transit service is inadequate, and unaffordable for the urban poor. The paper explores the factors that contribute to and affect efforts to improve this situation, based on an analysis of the financial and operational performance of the public bus transit service in the four metropolitan centres and four secondary cities during the 1990s. Overall, there were persistent losses, owing to increasing input costs and declining productivity. The losses occurred despite rapidly increasing fares, and ridership declined. The situation, and the ability to address it, is worse in the secondary cities than the metropolitan centres. We suggest a disaggregated approach based on the needs and motivations of different groups in relation to public transit, along with improved operating conditions and policies to internalize costs of personal motor vehicle use, to address the challenge of providing financially viable and affordable public bus transit service.     

空气悬架大客车平顺性仿真分析

应用MSC．ADAMS软件在ADAMS／Car里建立了整车动力学仿真模型，用Pro/E软件和试验的方法获得了整车动力学参数。在ADAMS／Car里进行了空气悬架大客车平顺性仿真分析，并将分析结果与试验结果进行了比较。结果表明，所建立的空气悬架大客车多体系统动力学模型。可以对空气悬架大客车整车性能做出正确的预测。     

基于MVB总线的机车安全监测系统设计

机车控制网络通过MVB总线实现机车内部各节点之间的数据交换,从而实现对机车安全高效的控制.在介绍一种基于MVB总线的机车网络的基础上,提出一种新的安全监测单元的设计构思,并阐述其中部分的设计实现.