Achieving sustainable development of supply chain by incorporating various carbon regulatory mechanisms

Nowadays, sustainability issues have received considerable attention in supply chain management because of the governmental requirements as well as expectations of the people. This paper introduces a novel supply chain network design problem to cover three dimensions of sustainability, namely economic, environmental, and social. The advantage of the presented model stems from considering the booming development aligned with reduction in environmental impact. In this paper, to achieve the mentioned benefits and to derive a more sustainable supply chain, a novel model in the presence of the most commonly used carbon policies is proposed. This paper, addresses sustainable development through imposing proper carbon regulatory mechanisms. Main contribution of this study is to consider the effect of imposing carbon policies on environmental advantages as well as improving the regional development level in a supply chain network design problem. Moreover, the shipment consolidation decisions are utilized to reduce cost as well as environmental impact. In addition, a novel mixed uncertainty approach is proposed to capture the uncertain emission parameters. The numerical examples and a case study are analyzed to evaluate the performance of the proposed models. It is concluded that, a high-growth economy with low-carbon can be made and also almost global well-being of people is ensured by applying the proposed model. Some managerial insights are provided for the enterprises of supply chains to make the most appropriate sustainable decisions. Finally, proper carbon emission policies are suggested based on the region sustainability characteristics.     

碳达峰下城市交通运输减排治理策略研究

随着我国城镇化和机动化进程的不断加快，交通运输行业的污染排放问题愈发严重，已经 成为碳排放的主要来源之一。通过政策手段有效治理城市交通运输污染排放是实现城市可持续 发展和2030年碳达峰目标的关键。本文在分析城市交通系统结构和各个要素因果关系的基础 上，将城市交通能耗与排放系统划分为：人口、经济、私家车、公共交通、物流与货运、交通基础设 施、能源消耗与排放等7个子系统，利用系统动力学方法建立城市交通减排治理决策模型，以哈尔 滨市为例进行策略仿真。在对模型进行方程设置、参数估计和有效性检验之后，利用Vensim软件 仿真模拟不同交通减排治理策略实施效果，并探讨如何通过不同策略组合实现城市交通碳达峰 目标，为碳达峰下城市交通减排治理提供决策依据和策略方案。     

Development a new power management strategy for power split hybrid electric vehicles

Reduction of greenhouse gas emission and fuel consumption as one of the main goals of automotive industry leading to the development hybrid vehicles. The objective of this paper is to investigate the energy management system and control strategies effect on fuel consumption, air pollution and performance of hybrid vehicles in various driving cycles. In order to simulate the hybrid vehicle, the combined feedback–feedforward architecture of the power-split hybrid electric vehicle based on Toyota Prius configuration is modeled, together with necessary dynamic features of subsystem or components in ADVISOR. Multi input fuzzy logic controller developed for energy management controller to improve the fuel economy of a power-split hybrid electric vehicle with contrast to conventional Toyota Prius Hybrid rule-based controller. Then, effects of battery’s initial state of charge, driving cycles and road grade investigated on hybrid vehicle performance to evaluate fuel consumption and pollution emissions. The simulation results represent the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed control strategy. Also, results indicate that proposed controller is reduced fuel consumption in real and modal driving cycles about 21% and 6% respectively.     

潜艇舱室固态胺CO2清除技术的化学热力学分析

依据有关文献提供的热力学状态函数值,分水蒸汽再生和真空再生两种工况,近似计算了标准状态和实际状况下固态胺吸附与解吸CO2反应的平衡与程度,并讨论了温度、湿度和二氧化碳分压等对其所产生的影响。     

多点汽油喷射喷油器积碳形成的研究

汽车经长时间使用后，喷油器针阀表面会形成少量积碳，影响其喷油质量。从喷油器结构、汽油品质及汽车运行工况等方面探讨了喷油器积碳的机理。通过喷油器积碳模拟试验论证了热浸时间及运行时间对喷油器堵塞率的影响。     

碳纤维板在重载铁路低高度钢筋混凝土板梁体外预应力加固中的应用研究

迄今,预应力碳纤维板应用于重载铁路钢筋混凝土梁加固改造的实例较少,其加固效果尚需深入研究。本文先阐述了体外预应力加固钢筋混凝土构件的设计思路,又根据现行铁路规范对加固前后梁体的应力、挠度及裂缝宽度进行了检算,并通过试验场内的静载试验验证了预应力碳纤维板加固钢筋混凝土板梁的加固效果。研究结果表明,采用预应力碳纤维板加固钢筋混凝土梁能够显著提高梁体受力性能,在1.2倍ZH荷载作用下能够满足运营要求,该技术可以在重载铁路加固改造中推广应用。     

一种预测内燃机稳态排放特性的方法

为预测内燃机在额定工况范围内的排放特性，综合利用试验和模拟研究的优势，基于少量有代表性、易于实现的排放试验结果，利用神经网络的非线性映射能力，建立神经网络排放预测模型，研究结果表明该方法是可行的，提供了快速了解内燃机排放特性的手段。     

CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF INTRAPERITONEAL INSUFFLATION WITH CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE LAPAROSCOPIC OPERATION PATIENT

ＣＩＲＣＵＬＡＴＯＲＹＡＮＤＲＥＳＰＩＲＡＴＯＲＹＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＩＮＴＲＡＰＥＲＩＴＯＮＥＡＬＩＮＳＵＦＦＬＡＴＩＯＮＷＩＴＨＣＡＲＢＯＮＤＩＯＸＩＤＥＩＮＴＨＥＬＡＰＡＲＯＳＣＯＰＩＣＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＬｕｏＪｉａｎ（罗健）；Ｓ...     

Detecting the Resistivity Distribution of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete by Electrical Resistance Tomography Method

According to the principle of electrical resistance tomography （ ERT）, the resistivity distribution of the carbon fiber reinforced concrete （CFRC） in the sensing field can be measured by injecting exciting current and measuring the voltage on the sensor electrode arrays installed on the surface of the object. Therefore, measurement of the resistivity distribution of CFRC is divided into first measuring the boundary conditions and then inversely computing the resistivity distribution. To reach this goal, an ERT system was constructed, which is composed of a sensor array unit, a data acquisition unit and an image reconstruction unit. Simulations of static ERT was performed on set-ups with many objects spread in a homogeneous background, and a simulation of dynamic ERT was also done on a rectangular board, the resistivity of which was changed within a small domain of it. Then, the resistivity distribution of a CFRC sample with a circlar hole as the target was detected by the ERT system. Simulation and experimental results show that the reconstructed ERT image reflects the resistivity distribution or the resistivity change of CFRC structure well. Especially, a small change in resistivity can be identified from the reconstructed images in the simulation of dynamic ERT images.     

点火正时对电控稀燃天然气发动机性能的影响

试验研究了点火正时对电控稀燃多点喷射天然气发动机燃烧及排放性能的影响规律。对该发动机转速为1 450 r/min,1 750 r/min,2 050 r/min,负荷为25%,50%,75%,100%的12个工况点进行了试验研究。研究结果表明,在其他燃烧边界条件不变的情况下,点火正时对该发动机输出扭矩及CH4排放影响不大,但是在2 050 r/min,100%负荷工况下,随着点火正时的进一步后移,出现扭矩下降及CH4排放增加的现象。点火正时对NOx排放有显著的影响,同一工况下,随着点火正时的推移,NOx排放明显降低。