复杂环境下地铁施工二氧化碳破岩技术研究

某地铁标段位于城区,周边施工环境敏感,建（构）筑物密集,对石方开挖振动、噪声等控制要求较高。若采用静力爆破、机械开挖等方式进行石方开挖,工效较低,难以满足工期要求。决定采用二氧化碳液-气相变膨胀破岩技术进行破岩,并开展了现场对比试验。研究表明:单排布孔试验中,测点的振动速度小于0.1 cm/s,未触发振动监测仪;双排布孔试验中,近点的最大振动速度为2.187 cm/s,远点的最大振动速度为1.817 cm/s,均小于一般建筑物的安全振速（3 cm/s）。该技术具有较好的安全性,且对周边环境的影响较小,验证了其在复杂环境下应用的可行性。     

不同类型挡土结构碳排放计算与评价

挡土结构在修建过程中因能源消耗会产生大量的二氧化碳,现有的研究成果关于挡土结构碳排放的研究报道较少。依托河北省新元高速公路改扩建路基加宽工程,并基于相关研究成果,将挡土结构全生命周期分为建材生产、建材运输、建造施工与运营维护4个主要阶段;针对这4个主要阶段,基于生命周期评价理论和碳排放系数法,建立了挡土结构的碳排放计算数学模型,得到返包式加筋土陡边坡、液态粉煤灰悬臂式挡墙和泡沫轻质土挡墙3种类型的挡土结构各阶段的碳排放量。研究结果表明,返包式加筋土陡边坡、液态粉煤灰悬臂式挡墙、泡沫轻质土挡墙的总碳排放量分别为-195.471 t、325.713 t和322.599 t。返包式加筋土陡边坡总碳排放量最少、泡沫轻质土挡墙次之、液态粉煤灰悬臂式挡墙最多,返包式加筋土陡边坡对于改善碳排放环境状况具有明显优势。研究成果可为相关挡土结构碳排放量计算与评价提供参考。     

LTIA碳电极的临床应用及电性能对比

经表面活化处理的各向同性碳(LTIA)心脏起搏电极具有优异的电性能,这已经通过模拟实验、动物实验证明。本文报告LTIA碳心脏起搏电极的临床应用情况,并对比了LTIA碳电极与铂电极在手术中所测得的各项电性能参数,结果表明:LTIA碳电极具有起搏阈值低、感知性能好、容易定位等特性。     

楼板加固受力分析及实施

本文对某铣工实训室楼板的荷载进行了分析,并对目前混凝土结构加固工程常见的方法进行了介绍,分析了不同方法的特点,确定了用CFRP材料加固混凝土楼板的方案。     

汽油含碳量与汽油密度的关系模型

测定汽油含碳量是碳平衡法检测汽车油耗的一个重要环节,但现有的测定方法非常复杂。本文提出了汽油单位体积含碳量的概念,建立了汽油单位体积含碳量与汽油密度之间的数学模型,可通过测量汽油密度,快速得知汽油含碳量,从而为碳平衡法测油耗应用于汽车检测线提供了依据。     

Top-down effects and carbon flux in the ocean: A hypothesis

The close relationships between mesozooplankton, chlorophyll, and primary production normally observed across latitudes may be regarded as a bottom-up effect of increased productivity or, conversely, as a top-down effect of mesozooplankton on microzooplankton, releasing phytoplankton growth. The time-course of primary producers and mesozooplankton observed during the Late Winter Bloom in subtropical waters suggests a top-down effect, similar to the results found in lakes and mesocosm experiments. Two scenarios were observed during the development of the bloom in the Canary Island waters. The first was the increase in mesozooplankton as the effect of higher primary production due to mixing. The second scenario was the decrease in mesozooplankton due to the top-down effect of predation by diel vertical migrants upon epipelagic mesozooplankton. The structure of the food web in the euphotic zone was different depending on the presence or not of mesozooplankton, suggesting important consequences for the transport of carbon in those large areas of the ocean.     

碳纤维复合材料传动轴临界转速分析

介绍了碳纤维增强的复合材料汽车传动轴临界转速的2种计算方法：理论公式法和有限元计算法。并将两者的结果进行比较,证明了有限元分析的可信性,为碳纤维在汽车中的应用提供了依据。     

The role of ‘indirect’ greenhouse gas emissions in tourism: Assessing the hidden carbon impacts from a holiday package tour

Tourism is a noticeable contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Existing estimates of tourism’s carbon footprint are however incomplete as they fail to holistically assess the additional, ‘indirect’ carbon requirements. These arise from the non-use phases of a tourism product or service life cycle and can be further magnified by supply chain industries. Under-development of methods for carbon impact assessment in tourism is the primary reason for the omission of ‘indirect’ GHG emissions. This study develops a new approach for comprehensive appraisal of GHG emissions which incorporates and advances the methodological advantages of existing assessment techniques. It tests the applicability of this approach in tourism by conducting a holistic analysis of a standard holiday package to Portugal, based on the British tourism market. The new approach demonstrates the significance of the ‘indirect’ GHG emissions in the total carbon footprint from the holiday package, thus emphasising the necessity for more comprehensive future assessments.