手机电子钱包支付方式在广深线AFC系统中的应用研究

广深铁路通过"公交化"模式来组织运营,其AFC系统先后实施了单程票、储值卡等支付方式,都存在一些局限,覆盖面不广,难以扩大应用.后来引入的手机支付方式,有着客户群广、充值方便、可围绕开展增值服务等优势.在手机支付3种枝术流派中,中国移动主推的RFSIM,厂商强力支持,国内已有多处应用先例,可安全用于广深铁路.手机支付方式在铁路购票中应用,要具备管理和技术方面的一些条件,将来会有很好的应用前景.     

驾驶中拨打手机对驾驶人脑力负荷及驾驶行为的影响分析

基于驾驶模拟实验平台,选择高速公路、城市道路2种交通环境,对3名低龄驾驶人正常驾驶与拨打手机驾驶情况下的脑力负荷及驾驶行为表征指标进行了全程监测。每组实验时间约为15min。其中,脑力负荷评估采用心率变异性相关指标,驾驶行为表征采用后视镜使用、转向灯使用、档位变换及速度变化等指标。实验结果表明,相比于正常状态驾驶中拨打手机时心率变异性指标,出现了驾驶人LFNU指标增大、HFNU指标减小、LF/HF比值明显增大、TP增大的现象,规律明显。在排除驾驶疲劳对心电指标产生影响的可能后,可初步判定出现以上现象的原因是拨打手机引起了驾驶人脑力负荷的大幅增加。在驾驶人认知资源有限的情况下,脑力负荷的增大造成了驾驶人在信息获取、转向灯使用、档位变换和车速保持等方面的能力有不同程度的下降。综上所述,驾驶中拨打手机使得驾驶人脑力负荷大幅增加,进而对驾驶行为产生了诸多负面影响,给交通安全带来了隐患。因此,建议相关部门在法律、法规中对驾驶中拨打手机的行为加以限制,以减少交通事故风险。     

一种手机定位数据的非运动数据聚类剔除方法

从手机定位数据中获取道路交通信息效果并不如人意,其中手机定位数据中包含了大量的＂噪声＂是一个重要原因。以某区域的手机定位数据为基础,根据蜂窝网基站的点数据,创建了与之对应的泰森多边形;采用空间邻近关系聚类的方法,对手机定位数据的非运动数据进行了剔除。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地解决上述问题。     

智能型手机应用程序对运具选择行为之影响

因应资通信技术发展,智能型手持设备逐渐普遍,应用程序蓬勃发展改变人类传统行为模式甚巨.其中,运输相关之应用程序多样化发展,功能包含地理信息系统的应用、交通信息的提供、车辆派遣的预约、交通票证的订定、观光游程的设计等.依据台北市交通局统计2013年民众透过智能型手机应用程序查询次数,每月已高达6 000万次以上,实有必要针对运输类应用程序所衍生之效果进行探究.论文主要研讨智能型手机应用程序所提供的交通运输信息对用户旅运行为之运具选择影响,透过问卷调查,进行个体运具选择模式之构建,以分析台北市旅运者在受智能型手机应用程序提供的实时交通信息对于运具选择行为转变之影响,期能了解ITS结合智能型手机应用程序的交通信息服务对于提高公共运输便利性之效益.      

Incorporating e-Technology to Advantage in a Greener Taxi Industry and its Impact on Driving Performance and Safety

Abstract

New technologies, especially advances in telecommunications, have had profound impacts on everyday life and brought even greater changes to some business models. Taxis represent one of the major modes of transportation in urban areas but they face a number of problems, including their environmental impacts. The status of the taxi industry in Taiwan is revealed and analyzed in this study. A new business model for the extensive and popular use of smart phones is proposed. However, it is important to know whether their use is both effective and safe. Two field experiments were executed to examine the effects on taxi drivers of using a navigation system installed in a GPS PDA phone. The results revealed that the efficiency of drivers using such a portable navigation system was better than those relying on paper maps in unfamiliar urban areas. Furthermore, performance in terms of safety was also better than those who used an on-board navigation system. In summary, incorporating e-technology can promote a taxi company's competitiveness and a driver's performance and safety as well as offer environmental benefits.     

基于EMD算法的切换系列区分及时空转换参数选取仿真

鉴于由于个人隐私而导致的数据获取困难问题,依托基于无线通信网络与交通集成仿真的手机切换数据平台采集手机数据,用EMD算法将不同道路切换序列的差异程度进行量化区分,根据时空转换参数ρ的不同取值得到相邻道路、不同道路之间手机切换序列对的EMD。结果表明：将EMD算法应用于不同道路序列的区分是可行的,ρ的选值不影响该算法应用的效果。     

Optimisation of dynamic motorway traffic via a parsimonious and decentralised approach

This paper presents an optimisation framework for motorway management via ramp metering and variable speed limit. We start with presenting a centralised global optimal control problem aiming to minimise the total travel delay in a motorway system. Given the centralised global optimal control solutions, we propose a set of decentralised ramp metering and speed control strategies which operate on a novel parsimonious dynamic platform without needing an underlying traffic model. The control strategies are applied to a case on UK M25 motorway. The results show that the proposed set of decentralised control is able to deliver a performance that is close to the global optimal ones with significantly less computational and implementation effort. This study provides new insights to motorway management.     

车站票务系统终端设备配置的探讨

火车站票务系统终端设备配置不仅影响对乘客的服务水平和车站的客运管理效率,还影响到建设投资及运营成本。因此有必要对车站票务系统终端设备数量计算的方法进行研究。结合最新的网络购票、电话订票和既有的售票方式,分析了计算车站票务系统终端设备所需参数,并基于这些参数提出了计算车站票务系统终端设备的数学模型。     

From traces to trajectories: How well can we guess activity locations from mobile phone traces?

Passively generated mobile phone dataset is emerging as a new data source for research in human mobility patterns. Information on individuals’ trajectories is not directly available from such data; they must be inferred. Many questions remain in terms how well we can capture human mobility patterns from these datasets. Only one study has compared the results from a mobile phone dataset to those from the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), though the comparison is on two different populations and samples. This study is a very first attempt that develops a procedure to generate a simulated mobile phone dataset containing the ground truth information. This procedure can be used by other researchers and practitioners who are interested in using mobile phone data and want to formally evaluate the effectiveness of an algorithm.To identify activity locations from mobile phone traces, we develop an ensemble of methods: a model-based clustering method to identify clusters, a logistic regression model to distinguish between activity and travel clusters, and a set of behavior-based algorithms to detect types of locations visited. We show that the distribution of the activity locations identified from the simulated mobile phone dataset resembles the ground truth better than the existing studies. For home locations, 70% and 97% of identified homes are within 100 and 1000 m from the truth, respectively. For work places, 65% and 86% of the identified work places are within 100 and 1000 m from the true ones, respectively. These results point to the possibility of using these passively generated mobile phone datasets to supplement or even replace household travel surveys in transportation planning in the future.