Car-free city centres

In a car-free city centre car traffic is limited by an area-wide ban to its functionally necessary share. This usually includes delivery and service vehicles and residents' cars. The lock-out of unnecessary car traffic must not be an isolated measure, but part of a pulland-push approach. The most important supporting measure concerns the provision of attractive public transport services. Case studies from Bologna, Lubeck, Aachen, York, and Nuremburg are reported.     

展望燃料电池电动车

本文在职回顾蓄电池电动车的发展简史之后,分析和判断来自各方面的信息,从技术上的可行性、氢原料选择、市场准入、政府政策、电动机及其控制系统等各个角度进行综合考虑,认为最具有发展前景的当属质子交换膜燃料电池电动车。     

基于短信收发的信息管理系统开发方法研究

文章对已有信息管理系统的信息传输和数据共享进行研究,总结短信收发技术在信息管理系统开发的模式,提出采用短信收发功能作为信息管理系统的分布式数据交换方法,满足了特殊情况下信息管理系统的应用需求。     

广州地铁二号线的移动电话引入系统

本文介绍了广州地铁二号线移动电话引入系统的要求、构成及技术指标,并从车站无线基站信号的引入、区间无线信号的辐射方式、车站内无线信号辐射方式、干扰问题等方面详细论述了该方案的特点,对系统扩展进行了探讨。     

Agent-based network transmission model using the properties of macroscopic fundamental diagram

The field of research that has recently come to the fore is the perimeter control, which aims to control traffic demand for a large urban area prior to controlling internal flow inside the area. Such control concept needs to be tested by simulations, hence, it is necessary to develop a model that can appropriately estimate the network-wide flow dynamics. In this paper, agent-based network transmission model (ANTM) is proposed for describing the aggregated flow dynamics over an urban area of multiple large-scale networks. The proposed model is the combination of the cell transmission model (CTM), macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD), and agent concept. The CTM-based simulation is adopted for the simplicity considering the computation requirements for real-time feasibility. The MFD concept is applied for representing the network properties, and a new approach is taken particularly for estimating network outflow affected by both demand patterns and boundary capacity. The agent concept is applied for representing drivers’ travel behaviors. The model is compared with microscopic simulations and shows reasonable accuracy for large areas. In addition, various travel direction choice behaviors are applicable to this model. Various perimeter control policies are applicable as well, thus, the proposed model can be a useful tool for testing various control methods, in terms of reducing the congestion in urban areas.     

室内无线分布系统的规划

室内信号的覆盖问题关系到移动通信服务的质量。根据室内无线分布系统组成，合理规划室内站分布，并结合实例提出几种解决方案，并对室内分布系统的优化提出建议。     

手机打车软件盈利模式浅析

由于我国打车软件企业存在盈利模式不清晰的现象,使得许多企业已从打车软件市场竞争中退出。对国外打车软件的盈利模式进行分析,借鉴国外打车软件经验并根据我国的国情,提出未来我国打车软件企业的盈利模式:向乘客收取服务费,传统广告收益,提供有偿位置服务,收取交易手续费。通过创新盈利模式,使手机打车软件行业实现可持续发展。     

Mobile phone use by young drivers: effects on traffic speed and headways

Abstract

This paper investigates the effects of mobile phone use while driving on traffic speed and headways, with particular focus on young drivers. For this purpose, a field survey was carried out in real road traffic conditions, in which drivers' speeds and headways were measured while using or not using a mobile phone. The survey took place within a University Campus area, allowing to distinguish between settings approximating to either free flow or interrupted flow conditions. Linear and loglinear regression methods were used to investigate the effects of mobile phone use and several other young driver characteristics, such as gender, driving experience and annual distance travelled, on vehicle speeds and headways. Separate models were developed for average free flow, interrupted flow, as well as for total average speed. Results show that mobile phone use leads to a statistically significant reduction in traffic speeds of young drivers in all types of traffic conditions. Furthermore, male and female drivers reduce their speed similarly when using a mobile phone while driving. However, male drivers using their mobile phone drive at lower speeds than female drivers not using their mobile phones. Sensitivity analysis revealed that, among all explanatory variables, the effect of mobile phone use on speed was most important. Accordingly, vehicle headways appear to increase for drivers using their mobile phone. However, this effect could not be statistically validated, due to the strong correlation between speed and headway.     

������“��Ħ”��ͨ��ʽת���ڵĽ�ͨ�Բ��о�

针对摩托车交通的快速发展对城市交通带来日益严重的负面影响,国内一些城市对摩托车的发展采取了限制措施。以广州市为例,通过分析“禁摩”后摩托车交通量向其他方式的转移和居民出行方式的变化,研究“禁摩”后交通方式转型期的特点。从公共交通、摩托车出行、货运交通和出租汽车交通等方面分析“禁摩”后交通配套措施存在的不足。结合“禁摩”后交通方式转型期的特点和配套措施存在的不足,提出改善对策和措施建议,包括优化城市功能布局、提升公共交通、出租车服务水平和合理设置摩托车停车场等。本研究为广州市有关交通政策的制定和实施提供依据,也为其他类似城市提供借鉴。