带全附体潜艇尾流场的数值预报研究

本文在人工可压缩性方法得到的不可压缩守恒型Navier-Stokes方程的基础上,引入高精度的三阶基本无振荡格式（ENO）及通量分裂形式的LU分解方法,对某潜艇模型全附体的尾流场进行了数值模拟,取得与实验基本一致的结果。     

船舶起居处所空调送风方式的数值模拟与分析

以船舶起居处所典型居住单元为研究对象,对船上最常见的上送下回的空调送风方式进行CFD模拟,并结合实船测试数据进行验证。同时,通过对3种空调送风方式的CFD模拟,比较和分析夏季和冬季不同工况下房间的气流分布和温度场,并根据研究结果对船舶起居处所空调送风方式提出优化建议。     

基于CFD的船舶水动力计算收敛性分析

为基于计算流体动力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD）的单体船型水动力性能计算参数提供参考依据,开展相关的收敛性分析。采用CFD数值计算,分析网格尺度、湍流模型和时间步长对于船舶水动力计算的收敛性影响,提出基于CFD的船舶水动力计算优化参数模型,并以水池模型试验验证所提方案的准确性。采用船长2.83%的非结构化网格进行流体计算域网格划分,采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型,计算时间步长取波浪遭遇周期Te的1/200,可更加合理地模拟船舶在规则波中的运动响应,为基于CFD的船舶阻力与耐波性计算提供确定依据。     

基于CFD的船舶骑浪状态下的纯稳性损失求解

船舶顺浪航行的纯稳性损失研究已成为国际航海界和国际海事组织(IMO)关注的课题之一。基于计算流体力学(CFD)技术,生成了船舶的骑浪航态,采用系列横摇衰减试验方法,获取到了该航态下某型舰艇的稳性曲线,通过后续计算得到纯稳性损失,并与一般理论计算法得到的结果进行对比,结果验证了该方法的可信度。     

LNG船液舱预冷中甲烷双液滴自然对流传热特性分析

针对液化天然气（Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG）船液舱喷雾预冷过程中上下垂直的双液滴在自然对流条件下同种蒸汽中液滴之间影响研究的欠缺,运用计算流体力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD）方法,基于气液界面能量守恒原理,对不同温差、粒径和相对距离条件下甲烷双液滴自然对流传热特性进行分析。研究结果表明：液滴表面热流密度、传热量和质量蒸发率随温差10～190 K的增大而线性增大;液滴表面热流密度随粒径0.1～2.5 mm的增加先快速减小后缓慢减小,传热量和质量蒸发率随粒径的增加而快速增加;上液滴表面热流密度、传热量和质量蒸发率随相对距离10～70的增加基本不变,下液滴表面热流密度、传热量和质量蒸发率随相对距离10～70的增加而缓慢增加。     

公路隧道群洞口污染物扩散特性与窜流机制研究

With the increase in highway tunnel groups with multiple tunnel portals in close proximity, there has been a more and more prominent problem of pollutants gathering and cross-impact between tunnel portals. However, parameters in extant studies are of a narrow range and there is a lack of systematic analyses of the crossflow mechanism of tunnel pollutants. The study uses CFD simulation and scale model test to investigate the process of pollutant diffusion at the portals of highway tunnel group, and analyzes the flow field characteristics of pollutant diffusion and the changing pattern of crossflow ratio at the tunnel portals with 20~320 m spacing. The impact range of upstream jet and downstream suction are also taken into account, a pollutant crossflow model is constructed, and an empirical formula of crossflow ratio is obtained applicable for engineering calculation. The results show that: (1) The diffusion of tunnel pollutants is affected by the joint action of jet development at the upstream tunnel portal and suction at the downstream tunnel. The diffusion of upstream tunnel pollutants is in line with the 3D wall jet theory, and the wind speed, expansion range, and decay rate of pollutant concentration of each section at the portal section are similar and satisfy the standard for similarity in terms of distribution. The length of the downstream convergence section is short and the suction does not change the morphology of the upstream jet. (2) The crossflow of tunnel pollutants is affected by the joint action of the structural parameter L/D (tunnel portal spacing/tunnel hydraulic diameter) and the operational parameter vup/vdown (upstream and downstream wind speed ratio), both of which act independently of each other on the crossflow. As L/D increases, the crossflow ratio φs and the crossflow concentration ratio φc decrease together. When vup/vdown increases, φs first stays constant before decreasing gradually, while φc first increases before stabilizing. This pattern is not affected by the form of the tunnel section. (3) The empirical formula the study constructs for the crossflow ratio is in line with extant studies and has a wider scope of application. © 2023 Editorial By Modern Tunnelling Technology. All rights reserved.     

Hydrothermally degraded carbon fiber / epoxy plates subjected to underwater explosive loading in a fully submerged environment

An experimental and computational investigation was conducted to evaluate the underwater blast response of fully submerged carbon fiber composite plates after prolonged exposure to saline water. The material was a biaxial carbon fiber/epoxy composite with a [±45°] fiber orientation layup. The plates were placed in a saline water bath with a temperature of 65 °C for 35 and 70 days, which simulates approximately 10 and 20 years of operating conditions in accordance to Fick's law of diffusion coupled with Arrhenius's Equation and a reference ocean temperature of 17 °C. Underwater blast experiments were performed in a 2.1 m diameter pressure vessel. The composite plates were placed in the center of the vessel while fully submerged in water, and an RP-85 explosive was detonated at a standoff distance of 102 mm from the center of the plate. Two cases of fluid hydrostatic gage pressures were investigated: 0 MPa, and 3.45 MPa. Two high speed cameras were utilized for three-dimensional Digital Image Correlation, which provided full-field displacements and velocities of the composite plates during underwater blast loading. A third high speed camera captured the behavior of the explosive gas bubble. Moreover, the pressure fields generated by the explosive detonation and resulting gas bubble were recorded with tourmaline pressure transducers. A water diffusion study was completed which showed that the diffusion of water into the composites reached a point of complete saturation after 35 days of exposure. Quasi-static material characterization tests were performed before and after prolonged exposure to saline water. The properties obtained from quasi-static testing also served as material inputs for the numerical models. The quasi-static test results showed that the tensile modulus E_1,2 does not change with exposure to saline water, whereas the in-plane shear modulus G₁₂ decreases with saline water exposure. During blast loading, for the case of 0 MPa hydrostatic gage pressure, the gas bubble interacts with the composite plate substantially. In such an event, the out of plane displacement increased for saline water exposed plates when compared to virgin structures. For the case of 3.45 MPa hydrostatic gage pressure, the gas bubble does not visibly interact with the composite plate. In this case, the out of plane displacement for specimens exposed to saline water was similar to the virgin specimen. A fully coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian fluid structure interaction simulation was performed by using the DYSMAS code. The numerical simulations showed that the displacement of fully submerged composite plates is driven by the displacement of fluid, as well as the size of the gas bubble formed by the explosive rather than the peak pressure generated by the explosive. The numerical simulations were in agreement with the experimental findings in terms of pressure history and plate deformation.     

基于CFD的水下拖曳体艉部流场仿真

水下拖曳体的艉部线型是决定其水动力性能的重要特征之一,良好的艉部线型对减小拖曳体的形状阻力系数,提高拖曳航速,减小拖缆的张力等都有积极意义。选用带十字尾翼的水下拖曳体作为研究对象,应用k-ε模型对其艉部流场特性进行精细分析,分析静压力系数Cp沿拖曳体长度方向的分布,并对水下拖曳体与尾翼交接部上游马蹄涡流动的产生及发展过程进行计算,得出拐角区的流线及流场。计算和实验结果表明,所采用的计算模型和方法合理,可在此基础上应用到其他水下拖曳体的外形优化设计中。     

中高速舰船超大型球鼻艏设计

球鼻艏减阻的机理至今尚未完全清晰,开展基于圆球型球鼻艏构型对兴波阻力影响机理的研究,对揭示球鼻艏的减阻机理,充分发挥球鼻艏对水面舰船的消波减阻效果具有基础性的重要意义。针对DTMB 5415船型,利用CFD计算软件STAR-CCM,分析前伸出球鼻艏主要构型参数对兴波阻力的影响及其机制。设置几组前伸出球鼻艏,其主要构型参数的前伸量与半径各异,结合采用已知试验数据和CFD计算数据分析阻力的变化规律,以及球鼻艏减阻的机理。结果表明,在特定的傅汝德数条件下,球鼻艏纵向位置和半径对兴波阻力的影响较为显著。     

90°弯管液固两相流动冲蚀磨损的数值模拟

  目的  弯管是船舶管路系统中的常见部件,为准确预测弯管内部的磨损情况,  方法  采用数值模拟方法对弯管内部的流场进行计算分析,主要从湍流模型对弯管流场计算的影响以及湍流模型对弯管处冲蚀磨损计算的影响这2个方面,对弯管内固、液两相流的磨损预测方法进行深入研究。  结果  结果表明：SST k-ω湍流模型结合Oka磨损模型可以较准确地计算弯管处的冲蚀磨损速率;湍流模型会给磨损计算带来显著影响,不仅影响最终磨损计算的数值大小,同时还会给预测的相对磨损分布情况带来明显差异。  结论  研究成果可为后续管路磨损预测的工程应用提供相关依据。