舰船通信网络结构复杂性实证分析

针对现代军事信息系统日益呈现出的复杂性和网络化的结构特点,提出基于复杂网络的研究思路.通过把舰船通信实体简化为节点,把节点之间的通信联络简化为边,构建出某舰船通信网络拓扑模型.然后通过计算通信网络的度量参数,验证了舰船通信网络的复杂性特征.为将复杂网络研究成果运用到未来军事信息系统建设中提供了积极的理论启示和参考价值.     

基于蚁群算法的铁路空车调整优化模型设计

针对铁路空车调整问题,采用蚁群算法解决此问题,建立以空车走行公里数最小为目标的优化模型,并给出求解算法。算例分析表明模型的正确性和算法的合理性,将蚁群算法的时间复杂度与其他一些解决空车调整问题的算法的时间复杂度进行比较,充分体现蚁群算法解决大规模路网空车调整问题的优越性。     

样本复杂性估计算法优化神经网络结构

在神经网络结构寻优中,样本复杂性估计算法是期望在寻优之前先对问题的规模有所估计,进而根据规模给出一个结构,使之不用从最小结构开始一一尝试。频域分析及仿真实验结果均证明了此算法的有效性。     

The vehicle platooning problem: Computational complexity and heuristics

We create a mathematical framework for modeling trucks traveling in road networks, and we define a routing problem called the platooning problem. We prove that this problem is NP-hard, even when the graph used to represent the road network is planar. We present integer linear programming formulations for instances of the platooning problem where deadlines are discarded, which we call the unlimited platooning problem. These allow us to calculate fuel-optimal solutions to the platooning problem for large-scale, real-world examples. The problems solved are orders of magnitude larger than problems previously solved exactly in the literature. We present several heuristics and compare their performance with the optimal solutions on the German Autobahn road network. The proposed heuristics find optimal or near-optimal solutions in most of the problem instances considered, especially when a final local search is applied. Assuming a fuel reduction factor of 10% from platooning, we find fuel savings from platooning of 1–2% for as few as 10 trucks in the road network; the percentage of savings increases with the number of trucks. If all trucks start at the same point, savings of up to 9% are obtained for only 200 trucks.     

Ship resistance when operating in floating ice floes: A combined CFD&DEM approach

Whilst climate change is transforming the Arctic into a navigable ocean where small ice floes are floating on the sea surface, the effect of such ice conditions on ship performance has yet to be understood. The present work combines a set of numerical methods to simulate the ship-wave-ice interaction in such ice conditions. Particularly, Computational Fluid Dynamics is applied to provide fluid solutions for the floes and it is incorporated with the Discrete Element Method to govern ice motions and account for ship-ice/ice-ice collisions, by which, the proposed approach innovatively includes ship-generated waves in the interaction. In addition, this work provides two algorithms that can implement computational models with natural ice-floe fields, which takes floe size distribution and randomness into consideration thus achieving high-fidelity modelling of the problem. Following validation against experiments, the model is shown accurate in predicting the ice-floe resistance of a ship, and then a series of simulations are performed to investigate how the resistance is influenced by ship speed, ice concentration, ice thickness and floe diameter. This paper presents a useful approach that can provide power estimates for Arctic shipping and has the potential to facilitate other polar engineering purposes.     

基于CFD的空心高墩防风超高模板优化研究

根据兰新铁路第二双线(新疆段)在风区进行高墩施工时的防风要求,提出在常规模板上再加高一段模板的高墩超高模板防风方法.运用大型商用软件FLUENT,采用计算流体动力学方法(CFD),对不同来流方向条件下、内外模板不同加高组合方案空心高墩防风超高模板的三维绕流场进行数值模拟计算,依据施工人员安全、混凝土养护和施工综合效率3个方面的折减后综合等效风速比评价防风效果,进行空心高墩防风超高模板优化研究.结果表明:由于迎风侧超高模板的阻挡作用,来流在空心墩内部形成回流,气流沿背风侧顺时针流向迎风侧,空心墩内部迎风侧风速较背风侧小,墩内迎风侧可用于施工人员的临时避风;防风超高模板采用外模板超高1.5m、内模板不超高的方案为最优,其折减后综合等效风速比为0.2.     

一种基于CBTC的动态接近锁闭区段计算方法

接近锁闭区段是判断进路是否需要延时解锁的重要依据.提出一种通过中心控制单元控制人工紧急进路解锁的方式,并着重介绍了动态接近锁闭区段计算模型,能有效缩短接近锁闭区段的长度,避免不必要的进路解锁延时,从而提高效率,具有一定应用价值.     

高原低气压增氧旅客列车车厢温度场及热舒适的CFD评价

根据青藏铁路格尔木—拉萨段客车增氧低压的环境特点,对人体热舒适评价指标进行修正。基于RNGk—ε模型,采用计算流体动力学软件(CFD),建立25T型客车的简化CFD模型,利用求解该模型获取的数据对乘客热舒适性进行评价。结果表明:靠近车厢内部中央的温度低,靠近四周壁面的高;除车窗附近2个温度测点在大气压强为101.3kPa时的温度线与大气压强为70.7kPa时的有较大差异外,其余4个测点的温度线在这2个大气压强时重合或非常接近;大气压强为101.3和70.7kPa时,6个测点的温度比大气压强为55.6kPa时高0～2℃:在车厢外气温和辐射强度相同的条件下,大气压强下降至55.6kPa时才对车厢内温度产生明显的影响;当大气压强为55.6kPa时,受气流影响,坐在靠近走廊座位且面对来流方向乘客的热舒适性比在大气压强为101.3和70.7kPa时更接近中性,而坐在靠阴面侧壁座位且背对来流方向乘客的热舒适性比在大气压强为70.7kPa时更接近中性;坐在靠近阳面侧壁座位乘客的热舒适性指标为0.1～0.4,介于中性和稍热之间;而坐在其他座位乘客的热舒适性指标为-1.0～-0.6,介于中性和稍冷之间。由此可推断:大气压强和座位在车厢内的位置是影响车厢内乘客热舒适的主要因素。     

单通道混合信号粒子滤波盲分离算法的快速实现

粒子滤波可以处理非线性非高斯问题,可以应用于混合信号的盲分离中,是一种有效的盲分离算法。但是粒子滤波算法存在一个很大的缺陷,其复杂度太大,为了减少粒子滤波运算时间、提高运算效率,通过对粒子滤波实现过程中的符号向量进行前置扩维,从而改进了粒子滤波实现方法。仿真结果表明：改进后的算法在运算速度上相比之前有了比较明显的提升。