数值模拟在船型方案优选中的应用

随着计算机和CFD技术水平的提高,数值模拟所需时间逐渐缩短、准确度逐步提高,利用数值模拟作为一种辅助手段进行方案择优已经逐渐流行。本文利用商用软件对广船国际提供的某油船三种线型进行了设计和结构吃水工况下的数值计算,包括阻力、自航计算,并且根据ITTC推荐规程做了实船尺度下的数据分析;以实船尺度下保持目标航速所需要的收到功率最小为评判标准,通过对该船三个方案线型不同吃水情况下计算结果的比较分析,评价了线型方案的优劣。通过数值模拟结果与物理试验结果的比较分析,验证了本文计算方法可靠性和准确性,也展示了数值模拟在船型方案择优过程中的作用,可以用于综合评价不同方案线型的船舶水动力性能。     

件杂货码头装卸生产与物流仿真

针对件杂货码头不确定性因素多、装卸过程优化控制和规划设计评估困难等问题,分析件杂货码头生产物流的复杂性特征,归纳装卸过程的随机参量,提出件杂货码头概念模型和仿真模型的建立方法。通过案例研究分析,验证仿真分析方法的正确性,为件杂货码头运营管理和规划设计提供参考。     

海上浮式结构物的水动力仿真研究

基于粘性计算流体力学的方法建立三维数值波浪水池,模拟有限振幅波的传播,并计算三维球体在规则波环境下所受的波浪力。采用两相不可压的RANS方程求解非定常不可压缩粘性流体,并采用流体体积函数(VOF)法对自由面进行动态模拟。通过编写用户自定义函数(UDF)设置边界入口速度和波高,实现在波浪水池尾部1~2倍波长区域消波,最终求出有限振幅波的模拟结果以及规则波中三维球体所受的波浪力,该结果与势流理论边界元法得到的结果在趋势上吻合良好。该研究方法为模拟分析其他海洋结构物在波浪中的水动力奠定基础,丰富与扩展了数值波浪水池的应用。     

Research on the Dust Removal Technology for Shield Tunnel Overhaul Construction北大核心CSCD

The shield tunnel is an ultra-long linear space. It will cause a lot of dust during the tunnel maintenance and overhaul operation, which is extremely unfavorable to the physical and mental health of the construction personnel and the environment outside the tunnel. It is difficult to guarantee the ventilation effect of the linear space using the conventional dust removal technology, which directly affects the construction safety and overhaul period. Therefore, based on the overhaul of a cross-river tunnel in Shanghai, combined with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, device optimization and process combination, a three-stage dust reduction standardization process for tunnel overhaul construction is proposed, namely taking a water sprayer at the working point to control the dust at the source (primary protection); installing electrostatic dust removal and water filtration dust removal equipment in the tunnel(secondary protection); and installing two sets of water curtain spray device at the two tunnel exits to prevent dusts from diffusing into the atmosphere. It explores the actual dust-reducing effects of different dust-removing measures and layout combinations, laying a technical foundation for green and efficient dust reduction. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于近似熵和统计复杂度的交通流复杂性测度

为了定量描述交通流系统的复杂性,引入非线性动力学的近似熵和统计复杂度特征量,计算混沌区域Henon和Logistic序列、周期序列、白噪声序列的近似熵和统计复杂度,并通过计算5个实测交通流时间序列数据对其近似熵和统计复杂度进行了计算分析。结果表明:这2种特征量能够有效测度系统的随机性和非线性,可以解决复杂性刻画的"短序列、可比较"难题,适于实测交通流的复杂性测度;交通流系统随机性较强,带有非线性结构,可能产生混沌,应该综合使用多种复杂性测度方法。     

Finite element calculations of rail vibration countermeasures

Elastic waves may constitute a nuisance for people living close to high-speed lines. In order to decrease the spread of vibrations, it is common to reinforce the ground with lime cement columns. This article presents the results of simulations of three different ways to install the columns. The calculations have been done with an integrated rigid body—finite element model. Equations from various physical domains are merged into one big system. The results indicate that the straight configuration works best to protect the track. When attention is focused on preventing vibrations from the soil, the leaning column method is more effective. The chosen technique would depend on the aims of the countermeasure.     

交通网络最短路权矩阵的迭代算法

介绍了求解交通网络最短路权矩阵的3种迭代算法,从迭代思路、时间复杂度、程序可读性等方面进行了比较,指出各算法的异同点以及联系,最后通过一个具体网络模拟了各算法的迭代过程.     

Untangling process complexity in logistics delivery services with unpredictable service sequences: a mixed-method study of chemical tanker port calls

We explore the complexity issue relevant to a logistics service process characterized by unpredictable service stages and service sequences in the context of chemical tankers’ call in the Port of Houston. The operational dimensions of uncertainty and conflict surrounding process complexity are examined through a mixed-methods approach using both qualitative and quantitative data collected from the Port of Houston. We propose a taxonomy to classify several uncertainty and conflict factors emerged from our qualitative analysis, including structural conflict, structural uncertainty, infrastructural conflict, and infrastructural uncertainty. The case study findings are validated and triangulated by a quantitative analysis which quantifies the time and cost impacts of unproductive chemical tanker movement on port-call service performance. We contribute to the complexity theory by introducing four dimensions of process complexity to the stream of process-oriented logistics service research. These four complexity dimensions can be used by managers to untangle their process complexity. Our pseudo-service-stage based mapping technique will also be valuable for managers to visualize their service processes with unpredictable service sequences. Finally, we call for future research on synchronization across operational processes between service stages.     

基于改进MPS方法的三维时域水弹性计算模型

本文在作者已有的二维改进MPS(Moving Particle Semi-implicit)方法基础上进行了三维拓展(主要包括三维自由面粒子判断),并通过将计算得到的三维溃坝问题结果与文献中实验结果相对比,验证了所发展模型的准确性。在结构响应计算方面,将刚性和柔性模态耦合并计及相互影响。在此基础上,将流体和结构部分通过迭代方式耦合,从而实现强流固耦合计算。最后,应用上述模型对涉及大刚体位移叠加弹性变形的三维方梁的强非线性时域水弹性问题进行了计算,验证了模型对此类问题的有效性。     

船用中小缸径直喷式柴油机燃烧室中油线网分布的计算

直喷式柴油机燃油喷射所构成的油线在燃烧室中的落点分布，对燃烧系统性能影响极大。本文针对船用中小缸径直喷式柴油机的结构特点，介绍了燃烧室中油线网布置的一般原则和具体方法，建立了油线网的计算模型。由此，即可通过计算机对燃烧室与喷油系统匹配实现辅助设计。