浅议加强道路货物运输管理的意义与方法

道路货物运输与人民群众的生产、生活密切相关,直接影响人民群众的利益和经济建设的发展,而通过对资源的管理,也就是对货源的管理,对改善公路行车条件和行车安全具有重要意义。     

我国第三方物流的发展现状

我国加入WTO后,物流行业的开放程度越来越高,而物流业的效率相对低下,面对国外拥有资金、管理、技术优势的企业,我国物流企业将面临着巨大的生存压力。在此根据美智(Mercer)管理顾问公司与中国物流与采购联合会合作的中国第三方物流市场调查报告,分析了第三方物流在我国的发展特点和存在的问题,并针对这些问题提出我国第三方物流的发展趋势,发展的策略。     

知识经济时代人力资源管理系统分析

以信息系统来实现知识经济时代的人力资源管理是现代企业持续发展的主要内容。根据知识经济的特征和对人力资源管理的要求,提出知识经济时代人力资源管理系统(HRMS-KT)的解决方案,方案综合考虑了知识经济对企业的发展要求和知识经济的时代特征。     

船舶调度闸外编排算法

为了提高船闸的通过能力,优化船舶进闸调度,分析了三峡船闸船舶的平均过闸间隔时间,提出了闸外编排的概念,分析了船舶在进闸调度中的操作流程,以安全性和进闸耗时为目标,建立了闸外编排的数学模型,设计了相应的启发式求解算法,将模型的目标和约束条件通过启发式方法生成船舶在闸外的排序法则。数值试验分析结果表明闸外编排数学模型切实可行,排序算法可以生成安全高效的进闸方案,闸外编排的实现考虑了船舶进闸时间和安全性原则,缩短了闸次间隔时间,提高了日开闸次数,有效地提高了通航设施的整体通过能力。     

长江流域航运与水环境协调发展模型

为促进长江流域航运与水环境的协调发展,利用系统分析方法和系统动力学模型,建立了长江流域航运与水环境协调发展模型,对各种宏观调控政策和措施效应进行了仿真模拟分析。模拟结果表明,计算指标模拟值与实际值基本吻合,最大相对误差为12.9%,表明模型能较好地模拟长江流域航运与水环境协调发展系统;航运污染主要来源于船舶事故污染和船员生活污染,占总污染90%以上;人口、水环境、航运及工农业协调增长模式有助于水环境质量的持续改善;船舶事故应急管理水平的提高是航运污染治理的关键。     

交通运输方式协调发展的状态评价

为促进道路运输、铁路运输、水路运输与航空运输的协调发展,根据各运输方式的系统构成,分别从数量和质量方面提出了反映各运输方式发展水平的指标体系,利用主成分分析方法,对中国1995~2005年各运输方式的综合发展水平进行了计算,并建立了综合发展水平的隶属度模型,对它们之间的协调状态进行了评价。评价结果表明:运输方式之间的平均静态协调度为0.297 8,说明目前中国各运输方式虽然得到快速发展,但彼此之间的发展并不协调。为改变这种不协调发展状态,提出运输方式之间相互促进与相互配合的发展理念,完善运输政策体系,充分开发和利用各种运输方式,建立真正意义上的综合运输枢纽。     

基于无线网络的高速公路建设管理信息系统应用研究

基于无线网络的高速公路建设管理信息系统的应用,具有显著的经济效益和良好的社会效益.本系统为我国公路工程项目建设管理开拓了新路子,对今后无线网络在公路建设项目建设期应用的推广具有重要的意义.     

科研产品的装配工艺及工艺管理

装配是制造过程中的最后阶段,在制造过程中占有非常重要的地位,是决定产品质量的关键环节.文中结合环状球形舵机产品特点和装配要求,对科研产品的装配精度、工艺过程、工艺规程和工艺管理等方面进行了阐述,制订了科学合理的装配工艺,并采用了有效的装配方法,这对保证装配精度和提高产品质量有着十分重要的意义.     

Local Level Fisheries Management in Diani-Chale,Kenya: Current Status and Future Directions

The current regime of fisheries management and the prospects for attaining a more locally oriented, collaborative system of fisheries management in Diani-Chale, Kenya are examined. At present fisheries management in Diani-Chale is characterized by diminished government capacity for regulation, weakened local institutions, and little ability to exert control over the use of fisheries. Local level management requires the development and use of local institutions that can govern the use of fishery resources. The fish landing sites used by fishers and their associated fishing grounds were identified to be at the appropriate level for resolving fishery management issues. A more formal role for these entities, the clarification of fishing ground tenure and access rights, and support for the development and enforcement of local fishing rules can further local management. The socioeconomic condition of fishers, their fear of losing landing sites, and the continued perception of the imposition of a marine reserve pose barriers to initiatives seeking to further local level management.     

Developing a Spatially Enabled Inventory of Recreational Boats Using Vessel Registration Data

Effective waterway management requires information on the characteristics and locations of boats. A field-based boat census—a traditional method to obtain spatially accurate information—is relatively expensive, time-consuming, and restrictive in scope. Vessel registration data, maintained by all U.S. states, is potentially a more robust information source. This research evaluated the accuracy and reliability of vessel registration data to supply location and attribute information for boats. The study premise was to use vessel registration data, which includes the mailing address of registered boat owners, to develop a spatially enabled inventory of boats. The study area comprised 12,064 salt-water accessible property parcels in two Florida counties. An on-water census (OWC) provided location and characteristics for 5,023 vessels, which were compared to 8,681 vessel registration records linked to the study area. Discrepancies between the OWC and vessel registration data were explained by a stratified, random sample of 485 telephone survey respondents. Study results show that vessel registration data accurately located and characterized roughly 81% of the boat population; in contrast, the OWC accurately located less than 56%. A conclusion is that state vessel registration data is a better alternative than an OWC for locating and characterizing boats kept along waterways.