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61.
快速路系统既承担大城市内部中长距离的机动车交通,又承担大城市与区域内其它城镇联系的对外交通。依托教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目《城市快速路系统通行能力计算与服务水平评价方法研究》,对国内七个典型城市的快速路进行了交通调查,从交通量的变化特性、车速运行特性及交通组成特性方面对车辆运行特性进行了分析。 相似文献
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Stress-Strain Relationship and Failure Criterion for Concrete after Freezing and Thawing Cycles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Introduction Underfreezingandthawing,macromechanical performanceofconcreteisgraduallydeterioratedby theinitiation,expansionandconnectionoftheinner cracks.Thisisaprogressiveprocessanddiffersfrom thedamageprocesscausedbyloads.Concretestruc turesincoldareas,… 相似文献
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The objective of this paper is to quantify and characterize driver behavior under different roadway geometries and weather conditions. In order to explore how a driver perceives the rapidly changing driving surrounding (i.e. different weather conditions and road geometry configurations) and executes acceleration maneuvers accordingly, this paper extends a Prospect Theory based acceleration modeling framework. A driving simulator is utilized to conduct 76 driving experiments. Foggy weather, icy and wet roadway surfaces, horizontal and vertical curves, and different lane and shoulder widths are simulated while having participants driving behind a yellow cab at speeds/headways of their choice. After studying the driving trends observed in the different driving experiments, the extended Prospect Theory based acceleration model is calibrated using the produced trajectory data. The extended Prospect Theory based model parameters are able to reflect a change in risk-perception and acceleration maneuvering when receiving different parameterized exogenous information. The results indicate that drivers invest more attention and effort to deal with the roadway challenges compared to the effort to deal with the weather conditions. Moreover, the calibrated model is used to simulate a highway segment and observe the produced fundamental diagram. The preliminary results suggest that the model is capable of capturing driver behavior under different roadway and weather conditions leading to changes in capacity and traffic disruptions. 相似文献
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某些特殊地区的水泥土地基既受到环境侵蚀又受到冻融循环的影响.通过室内试验的方法,研究水泥土先经受不同浓度和不同pH值的侵蚀性溶液侵蚀下,经过反复冻融后水泥土的强度特征,并探讨其强度改变的机理.试验结果表明,水泥土的强度特性受水化学作用和冻融循环的双重影响,其中水化学作用的影响贯穿全过程,冻融的影响与冻融循环次数关系紧密.结果可为特殊环境地基的设计与工程应用提供指导作用. 相似文献
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This paper develops a systematic and practical construction methodology of a representative urban driving cycle for electric vehicles, taking Xi’an as a case study. The methodology tackles four major tasks: test route selection, vehicle operation data collection, data processing, and driving cycle construction. A qualitative and quantitative comprehensive analysis method is proposed based on a sampling survey and an analytic hierarchy process to design test routes. A hybrid method using a chase car and on-board measurement techniques is employed to collect data. For data processing, the principal component analysis algorithm is used to reduce the dimensions of motion characteristic parameters, and the K-means and support vector machine hybrid algorithm is used to classify the driving segments. The proposed driving cycle construction method is based on the Markov and Monte Carlo simulation method. In this study, relative error, performance value, and speed-acceleration probability distribution are used as decision criteria for selecting the most representative driving cycle. Finally, characteristic parameters, driving range, and energy consumption are compared under different driving cycles. 相似文献