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ETC技术的广泛使用有效提高了人工收费效率,缓解了收费站车流拥堵状况,本文对ETC系统优化配置方案进行了研究.根据收费站设计规范和实地调研成果,对高速公路收费站系统构件进行了形式化描述,结合系统各个构件中车辆的行为特征、车辆及收费通道的分类特征,建立了一种适用于高速公路ETC收费站系统的元胞自动机交通流模型.考虑到ETC收费站车流拥堵特性,提出了ETC收费站服务水平的概念及相关计算方法,设计以ETC使用率、ETC车道数量及交通流量为参数的仿真方案,选取封闭式4车道收费站进行仿真分析,基于仿真结果提出了ETC使用率分别为30%、60%和90%时ETC车道数的配置建议,为收费站管理人员合理利用ETC系统提供了理论依据.     

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为系统研究城市公交车服务质量的影响因素及作用机理,借鉴SERVPERF服务质量分析方法,从乘客感知角度设计了公交车服务质量的5维度影响因素（有形性、保证性、可靠性、响应性和关怀性）测量模型.通过相关性分析发现,可靠性维度与公交车乘客感知总体服务质量的相关性最高,而响应性最低;同时,有形性、保证性与可靠性呈高度正相关.结果表明,城市公交要继续加强服务的可靠性管理、不断提高司乘人员的服务意识;同时需要强化公交车车体形象管理并采取人性化管理措施,对提高城市公交的乘客感知服务质量具有积极的促进作用.     

移动时代图书馆的服务方式探究

移动图书馆是未来数字图书馆的主流服务方式和发展方向。分析了移动时代图书馆的一些变化,以及国内外移动图书馆的服务方式,探讨了移动图书馆服务面临的挑战与对策。图书馆要拓展信息服务,必须改变理念,注重服务模式和内容的多样性化,解决好技术和知识产权问题。     

深圳市北站公交场站运营服务评估

为保障深圳市北站公交场站安全运营,在全面掌握深圳市北站公交场站及配套工程规划建设的基础上,从公交场站静态设施、动态运行两个层面开展运营服务评估工作,并提出对公交场站的改善建议和措施,最大程度保证枢纽开通后能够提供安全的公交运营服务。     

PVSP在旅游服务系统中的应用

随着web服务提供者的增多,针对用户如何获取提供者的信息、如何将Web服务组织起来形成为一个整体、如何选择适合自己的服务提供者、如何建立用户与服务提供者间的信任关系、如何评价服务质量等问题,文中首先提出了一种实用虚拟服务平台模型(Practical Virtual Service Platform Based on Web Service简称PVSP),提供一个统一的服务来收集并展示各个服务提供者提供的服务,同时用户只需经过一次身份的认证就能访问所有的服务。然后,将此模型应用到旅游服务系统中,研究了系统设计中认证服务器、服务集成、虚拟电子银行等关键技术。实践表明,该系统模型有一定的可行性和实用性。     

Reduced dwell times resulting from train–platform improvements: the costs and benefits of improving passenger accessibility to metro trains

Abstract

This paper examines whether a dwell time reduction on a high-intensity metro service, as a result of a series of accessibility enhancements, can contribute to an increased level of service and accessible public transport for passengers together with a reduction in costs for the operator. Actual train operation data were collected by on-site observations and from London Underground Ltd. A simple simulation is built to represent the effect on the overall cycle times of trains if certain parameters (e.g. dwell time) are changed. Four models are developed, concerning: (1) step height between train and platform, (2) an assumption of passenger service time to be no longer than 20 s, (3) door width and (4) the combination of step height and door width. From the application of the models it appears that the fourth model provides the highest reduction in dwell time and diminishes the overall cycle times of trains. However, it is the most expensive to implement as it requires work to raise platforms and the purchase of new rolling stock.     

Integrated smart feeder/shuttle transit service: simulation of new routing strategies

The idea of designing an integrated smart feeder/shuttle service stemmed from the need to overcome the problem of using an excessive number of cars arriving and parking at a train station within the same time span. This problem results in high parking demand around the train station. Moreover, some potential train riders will, instead, use their cars and hence become a party to increasing the traffic congestion. This work develops a new idea of an integrated and innovative feeder/shuttle system with new operating and routing concepts. The fulfilled objectives are as follows: (i) to construct and examine different operating strategies from both the user and operator perspectives; (ii) to examine different routing models and scenarios; and (iii) to construct a simulation tool for (i) and (ii). Ten different routing strategies are examined, with all the combinations of fixed/flexible routes, fixed/flexible schedules, a unidirectional or bidirectional concept, and shortcut (shortest path) and/or short‐turn (turnaround) concepts. These strategies are investigated by employing a simulation model specifically developed and constructed for this purpose. This simulation model is used in a case study of Castro Valley in California in which the feeder/shuttle service is coordinated with the Bay Area Rapid Transit service, and the 10 routing strategies are compared in regard to four fleet‐size scenarios. One of the interesting results found is that the fixed‐route and flexible‐route concepts are comparable in performance measures when applying a combination of operating strategies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A simulation of transit bus emissions along an urban corridor: Evaluating changes under various service improvement strategies

This study investigates the impacts of transit improvement strategies on bus emissions along a busy corridor in Montreal, Canada. The local transit provider, Société de Transport de Montréal, has implemented a number of strategies which include the use of smart cards, limited-stop (express bus) service, and reserved bus lanes along this corridor. Using data collected on-board for instantaneous speeds and stop-level ridership, we estimated bus emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants at three levels: road segment, bus-stop, and per passenger. A regression of segment-level emissions against a number of explanatory variables reveals that reserved bus lanes and express bus service reduce emissions significantly. On the other hand, smart card use reduces idling emissions compared to other fare payment methods. Our findings are of most relevance for transit planners who are seeking to implement different strategies to reduce emissions and improve transit performance.     

基于危化品运输安全的服务区分类

从安全性角度出发,根据危化品运输车辆的需求特性、服务区整体功能性,确定服务区划分的原则、影响因素及其赋值标准,将服务区划分为三大类,分别为 A 类可供危化品车辆停放的服务区,B 类仅提供加油加水的服务区和 C 类禁止危化品车辆驶入的服务区。并运用聚类分析方法将试点服务区划分相似的类,最后通过停车饱和度指标的高低判定各类服务区的类型属性。