On the implementation of an auxiliary pantograph for speed increase on existing lines

The contact between pantograph and catenary at high speeds suffers from high dynamic contact force variation due to stiffness variations and wave propagation. To increase operational speed on an existing catenary system, especially for soft catenary systems, technical upgrading is usually necessary. Therefore, it is desirable to explore a more practical and cost-saving method to increase the operational speed. Based on a 3D pantograph–catenary finite element model, a parametric study on two-pantograph operation with short spacing distances at high speeds shows that, although the performance of the leading pantograph gets deteriorated, the trailing pantograph feels an improvement if pantographs are spaced at a proper distance. Then, two main positive effects, which can cause the improvement, are addressed. Based on a discussion on wear mechanisms, this paper suggests to use the leading pantograph as an auxiliary pantograph, which does not conduct any electric current, to minimise additional wear caused by the leading pantograph. To help implementation and achieve further improvement under this working condition, this paper investigates cases with optimised uplift force on the leading pantograph and with system parameter deviations. The results show that the two positive effects still remain even with some system parameter deviations. About 30% of speed increase should be possibly achieved still sustaining a good dynamic performance with help of the optimised uplift force.     

利用溴化锂吸收式空调回收海洋平台余热的应用研究

针对海洋石油平台上大量余热资源的利用问题,以锦州油田某平台的余热情况和空调系统设计为例,设计了溴化锂吸收式空调系统。该系统采用烟气双效型溴化锂吸收式空调机组,利用主机高温烟气作为热源,完成了两套应用方案,并进行了方案技术对比。以方案一为基础进行了溴化锂吸收式空调系统的布置设计和经济评价。结果表明,采用该系统具有良好的节能效果和经济效益。     

高速公路减速标线的设计与应用研究

由于在我国现有规范中没有统一的减速标线设计应用标准,导致在高速公路上设置减速标线难以达到管理控制及保障安全的目的。针对这种情况,必须使用实用性高、针对性强的设计方案,并使之人性化、科学化、规范化,才能更好地保证道路交通安全。     

基于极限约束法的高强度钢板成形性分析及轻量化选材

基于对有限元逆算法的改进,提出了极限约束法.它在计算时只考虑单元边界节点的两种极限约束状态,通过极限约束评判法则来快速、有效地预测板料的成形性;再通过对边界节点约束力的优化计算,可以得到最佳成形结果.文中还对汽车保险杠采用新研发的高强度钢板的成形性进行模拟试验,作为极限约束法的实例验证.     

燃料电池城市客车结构有限元分析与轻量化设计

建立了带空气弹簧悬架模型的燃料电池城市客车骨架结构有限元模型,并计算其静强度、扭转刚度以及自由振动模态,结果表明燃料电池城市客车设计是安全可靠的。然后对燃料电池城市客车进行计及制造约束的优化。与原设计相比,优化后质量降低8.17%,一阶扭转频率提高7.89%,右前轮悬空工况时的最大应力降低24.42%。     

客货滚装码头减排设计方案评价方法

提出一种客货滚装码头减排设计方案评价方法.在综合考虑成本属性、环境属性、社会属性构建方案评价指标体系的基础上,引入层次分析法和加权TOPSIS法对客货滚装码头减排设计方案进行综合评价,并以某拟建客货滚装码头为例验证方法的有效性.结果表明,算例中各方案在评价模型下具有良好的区分度,方案从优到劣为岸电、低硫柴油和陆基洗涤器...     

船舶薄层气膜减阻技术的试验和应用

作者自１９８２年起研究薄层气膜形成规律和船舶薄层气膜减阻技术,利用该技术能有效形成船底薄层空气膜,使船舶减阻１５～３０％「１,２」。本文介绍了船舶薄层气膜减阻技术的模型试验研究和１０００ｔ甲板驳应用薄层气膜技术的实船试验结果「３」。     

Frictional drag reduction with air lubricant over a super-water-repellent surface

This paper presents a new technique for reducing frictional drag using a super-water-repellent surface and air-injection (called an SWR & A technique). Its effectiveness was examined by carrying out pressure-loss measurements with a tube of rectangular cross section, along with resistance tests on a horizontal flat plate, a 7.2-m-long tanker model, and a 12-m-long high length-to-beam-ratio model ship. These test results showed that the new technique can significantly reduce the models' frictional drag; for example, the frictional resistance on the SWR surface was reduced by 80% at a speed of 4 m/s and 55% at 8 m/s. Received: October 16, 2000 / Accepted: December 4, 2000     

基于UG的客车主减速器锥齿轮设计平台的开发

利用UG软件二次开发了客车主减速器锥齿轮专用设计平台,论述了平台的结构设计与功能模块设计,最后给出了设计实例。     

降低车用柴油机有害排放物的控制技术

根据柴油机燃油供给系统的工作特点以及柴油机的主要有害排放物的生成机理,简述一些国内外车用柴油机的排放控制技术,并提出今后柴油机排放控制技术的重点研究内容。