澜沧江景洪港治理河工模型试验研究

景洪港是交通部批准的国家级港口.近年来在景洪港下游多处修建建筑物,短期内使河势和流态发生较大改变,分析和研究景洪港的淤积变化并对其及早治理,具有重要的政治和经济意义.本文根据天然实测资料及河工模型试验资料,分析景洪港淤积变化的基本原因,并提出有效的治理措施供相关单位参考.     

汽车车身轻量化及其相关成形技术综述

综述了应用于汽车车身轻量化的成形方法(如拼焊板成形、液压成形等)以及特点,介绍了实现汽车车身轻量化的新成形工艺及其发展动态,并且对目前存在的问题进行了探讨。     

集成式SCR催化转化消声器性能研究

运用GT-Power软件对两种不同结构的集成式SCR催化转化消声器进行了声学性能模拟,通过试验研究对比分析了集成式SCR催化转化消声器的压力损失及其NOx转化效率。结果表明:在增加穿孔管后集成式SCR催化转化消声器的消声效果在400~750 Hz区间内受到了削弱,在750~1 000 Hz区间内增强,增加穿孔管后压力损失增加。在绝大部分工况下,增加穿孔管后SCR催化转化消声器的NOx转化效率要明显高于无穿孔管的结构。     

Safety Evaluation for Freeway Exit Ramp Based on Speed Consistency

Speed differential has direct relationship with road safety. Conventional speed consistency measures draw sample data from independent population that follows a normal distribution. These methods may fall into ecological fallacy and overestimate the safety level of road elements. After deducing the relationship between the difference in operating speed ΔV₈₅ and85(ΔV), the 85^th percentile value of individual speed reduction, this paper recommends 85(ΔV) and speed reduction rate 85(ΔV)R is used to evaluate ramp safety. Point speeds of individual vehicle at freeway diverge area, upper ramp, and lower ramp are collected by radar guns. Safety performance of 37 exit ramps are appraised using three different measures, namely, ΔV₈₅, 85(ΔV), and 85(ΔV)R. The results show that 85(ΔV) is 1.42 to 2.02 times of ΔV₈₅, and that the evaluation result of 85(ΔV)R is between the other two. The measure 85(ΔV)R considers not only individual speed but also the base speed on upstream element, which avoid the pitfalls of ecological fallacy and overestimation possessed by conventional measures. It is a safer and reasonable measure that should be adopted in practice.     

Histological changes following surgically-assisted rapid tooth movement through resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis in dogs

Objective To investigate the histological changes of rapid tooth movement in dogs treated by resistance reduction and distraction osteogenesis, aiming to establish an animal model and further to reveal the remodeling mechanism of rapid tooth movement. Methods A total of 8 local hybrid dogs were selected as subjects for this study. The second pre-molar was extracted on both sides. The experimental side underwent alvelor surgery for resistance reduction and a home-made tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was installed for rapid tooth movement, while for the other side (control side) only tooth-borne intraoral distraction device was used for rapid tooth movement. The longest active force-delivery span was 2 weeks, followed by 6-week retention. The distance between the moved tooth and anchor unit was recorded weekly, and radiography was performed for each side before and after distraction. The surrounding tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone were sectioned for histological analysis. Results The average distance of tooth movement was 3.55mm on the experimental side and 1.11mm on the control side. The rate of tooth movement was notably higher (P<0.01) and no significant apical root resorption was detected by X-ray on the experimental side. The active alvelor bone remodeling was found on the tension and pressure sides. However, there was no significant difference between the experimental side and the control side after the retention period. Conclusion The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated through resistance reduction and periodontal distraction without any unfavorable effects but at minimal anchorage loss.     

基于微观仿真的交叉口车辆能耗与排放研究

为了更加准确地模拟交叉口机动车能耗、排放情况,结合使用微观仿真模型VISSIM与微观能耗、排放模型PERE,构建能够模拟车辆瞬时运行状况与能耗、尾气排放关系的微观模拟平台。选取上海市西藏北路—海宁路交叉口进行实例仿真,通过设置交叉口锯齿形公交优先进口道及改变信号周期,来定量分析对交叉口车辆能耗和排放的影响。结果表明,设置公交专用进口道可使公交车辆总体排放明显下降,但是社会车辆的能耗和排放有所增加;对车均延误、停车次数、能耗与排放都合适的最佳信号周期范围是80～120s。     

基于程序切片的测试用例集约简方法

对用例集中的冗余测试用例进行删除往往会造成测试用例集错误检测能力(FDE)的下降。引入程序切片的思想,定义容易引起程序错误的语句为关键点,对其进行切片并分析取值范围,利用这些取值范围选取部分冗余测试用例可以保证最小化测试用例集具有一定的错误检测能力。     

用有限元强度折减法对加筋路堤边坡特性分析

采用荷兰土工有限元软件PLAX IS,建立了未加筋路堤、等间距加筋路堤和不等间距加筋路堤三种有限元分析模型,分析路堤在三种情况下的稳定安全系数、坡脚水平位移、路堤中心地基与路堤顶部的竖向位移,并比较三种模型的计算结果。     

岩质边坡应力场特征有限元强度折减法研究

利用有限元强度折减法数值模拟技术,对成型边坡的应力场进行了研究:在坡顶荷载作用下,计算边坡内部应力场随着坡体强度指标的降低而变化的情况,分析边坡安全状态恶化对内部应力场的影响。通过对特定路径的应力追踪,对应力场的变化特征进行探讨,确定边坡的应力敏感部位,指出应力变化规律及其对边坡稳定性造成的不利影响,以克服岩质边坡以位移为参数的监测方法存在时间与空间上滞后的缺陷。     

基于强度折减法的基坑喷锚网支护稳定性分析

喷锚网作为一种新型的基坑支护技术已在基坑施工中大量采用。文中运用快速拉格朗日法对其作了分析研究,基于强度折减法对喷锚网支护下的基坑稳定性作了数值计算,并与传统极限平衡法计算进行比较,得到了较一致的结果,表明该技术在保证基坑稳定性方面具有明显的优越性。