深圳地铁2号线综合检测车组内饰设计

主要介绍了深圳地铁2号线综合检测车组内部装饰结构特点和主要部件的结构设计,并对该内装结构设计的隔声、减振降噪、舒适性、美观性以及新材料应用等诸多方面进行了简要的分析和总结。     

Methods of analysis for vehicle soak time data

Vehicle soak time, the duration of time a vehicle’s engine is at rest prior to being started, and its distribution function are important transportation activity data inputs for mobile emissions inventory estimation due to their impacts on vehicle start and evaporative emissions. This paper provides vehicle emission researchers with an overview of statistical analysis methods relevant to analyzing vehicle soak time data. Many of these methods are already in use in emissions research and have appeared in the literature. These methods are reviewed and further details regarding the implementation and interpretation of these methods are provided. Statistical methods relevant to the analysis of soak time data that have yet to appear in the emissions literature, including kernel density estimation and generalized linear models, are also introduced. Advantages and disadvantages of the methods are compared and theoretical justification is provided. Issues of correlated observations and censored data are discussed. General guidelines for the analysis of soak time data, such as stratification by start type and geographical region, are established. Finally, a subset of the statistical methods discussed is used to analyze the US Environmental Protection Agency’s 3-city data.     

双向偏心受压下圆端形重力式桥墩台极限承载力的计算

在承载力极限状态计算中,需要解决双向偏心受压下铁路桥涵重力式桥墩台的承载力计算问题。在该极 限状态下,不考虑截面受拉区材料参与工作,按受压区为矩形应力图形的假定进行承载力计算。这种计算假定 对双向斜偏心受压情况下的圆端形截面的承载力计算是相当复杂的。为了简化计算,引入了一个类似于在容许 应力法计算中应力重分布系数的承载力折减系数,文中给出了利用图解法求解该承载力折减系数的原则和步 骤。通过多元回归分析,给出了一组简单、实用且能满足工程精度要求的圆端形重力式桥墩台极限承载力折减 系数实用计算公式,该组公式适用于目前铁路桥涵重力式墩台常用的设计范围。     

阻尼材料在铁道客车减振降噪中的应用研究

近年来阻尼减振降噪技术得到了迅速的发展，利用阻尼材料的特性以及阻尼结构的合理设计，达到良好的减振降噪目的。常用的阻尼材料主要为高分子黏弹性阻尼材料。对阻尼材料及其特性进行了简单的分析，对铁道车辆用减振降噪阻尼材料进行了综述和分析，讨论了阻尼材料在铁路客车上的应用。     

A study of locomotive driver's seat vertical suspension system with adjustable damper

This paper shows that laboratory measurements can be used for the identification of structure and parameters of commercial seat vertical suspension system model. A commonly used single-degree-of-freedom suspension model does not suffice. The system model presented is based on Zener's structure and clearly describes the dynamic properties of a vertical seat suspension with an adjustable damper. The model introduced, augmented with seat cushion dynamic model, predicts the seat vertical vibration mitigation properties under field conditions with a reasonable accuracy. Optimisation of the adjustable damper setting is performed using a two-objective function optimisation technique. This enables us to optimise not only the exerted vertical vibration acceleration but also the seat relative vertical displacement (stroke). Optimisation was facilitated for the particular suspended seat without the requirement of further field measurements. In addition, a two-parameter optimisation was performed showing possible further improvement in both objectives at the manufacturer's discretion. This study could be representative of driver's seats equipped with vertical seat suspension system using an air-spring and an adjustable damper.     

客运专线桥梁中减隔震技术应用研究

研究目的:基于某客运专线铁路桥梁穿越地震断层带,研究桥梁采用合理的设计理论、方法及有效安全的抗震或减隔震措施,完成在发育区域性地质断层带内的桥梁抗震设计。研究结论:依据实际地质情况,采用反应谱法和时程法,计算比较了桥梁使用普通盆式支座与双曲面球型减隔震支座地震反应的差异,结果表明双曲面球型减隔震支座可大幅降低墩顶的水平地震力,并能满足桥梁在区域性地质断层带内结构大变位的要求,为桥梁下部结构优化设计提供依据,并产生很好的经济效益和社会效益。双曲面球型减隔震支座首次应用于跨越地质断层带的客运专线桥梁工程中,希望为今后铁路桥梁在跨越复杂地质区域及地震高烈度区域提供设计依据,也为今后相关设计规范、标准的修订提供技术支持。     

紧凑型DOC-混合器-SCR后处理系统数值模拟

为提高SCR系统的转化效率,提出紧凑型DOC-混合器-SCR后处理系统,建立了3种不同结构的后处理模型。采用计算流体力学(CFD)结合化学反应动力学的方法,建立了柴油机SCR-NOx催化器三维数值模型,该模型包含尿素水溶液喷射、液滴蒸发和热解、NOx催化还原化学反应整个尾气后处理过程,得到了紧凑型后处理系统的湍流动能场、速度流场、浓度场的分布规律,并与传统型后处理系统模拟仿真结果进行对比。研究结果对柴油机后处理系统设计具有参考价值。     

不同反应气氛下负载型Cu-Co/ZSM-5催化剂的柴油车NO_x净化性能

在模拟柴油车尾气气氛下,利用微反装置研究了浸渍法制备的Cu-Co/ZSM-5催化剂在不同反应气氛下的C3H8选择性催化净化NOx性能。结果表明,具有良好的净化NOx起燃性能和高温选择性的3%Cu-3%Co/ZSM-5催化剂在不同的反应气氛下催化性能各异。O2体积分数较低时(≤6%),O2的存在有利于C3H8催化还原NOx,催化剂的NOx转化率随O2体积分数的增加而增加;高温(300~400℃)反应时O2体积分数较高(≥6%)对C3H8催化还原NOx是不利的,O2的增加使催化剂的NOx转化选择性变差,NOx转化率下降。催化剂最适于的O2体积分数为2%~8%。C3H8体积分数越高,越有利于NOx的还原。反应气氛中的CO2和CO的体积分数变化对催化剂的C3H8催化还原NOx活性没有明显的影响,该催化剂仍具有较高的稳定NOx净化性能。催化剂在使用过程中应匹配好发动机的空燃比。     

中重型柴油机SCR系统集成匹配研究

针对高紧凑高效清洁柴油机的开发,选取了SCR后处理技术路线,为了实现国Ⅴ的排放指标要求,分别进行了SCR催化剂及催化器载体的分析与匹配,SCR尿素喷射系统的匹配标定研究,并通过三维仿真分析方法以及尿素喷射水解、热解和化学反应动力学理论完成了喷射管路布置方式的优化设计及SCR系统转化效率的计算与验证。通过发动机台架试验验证了通过上述方法匹配的SCR系统可以满足国Ⅴ的排放指标要求。     

电动车辆轮毂电机减振系统设计与分析

为消除轮毂电机造成电动汽车非簧载质量增加而使车辆平顺性和安全性降低的影响,根据质量转移的方法,在电动轮内安装弹簧阻尼减振系统将轮毂电机质量变成吸振器,建立11自由度电动轮车辆整车动力学模型,并对模型进行仿真分析。结果表明,轮毂电机减振系统在满足轮毂电机垂向跳动要求的基础上,可以消除轮毂电机刚性与车轮连接给车辆带来的垂向负效应问题。