Theoretical and numerical analysis of bending behavior of unbonded flexible risers

This paper presents theoretical and numerical study on bending properties of unbonded flexible risers. To capture nonlinearities in layer's sliding, the stress component due to slip-stick behavior is considered and energy conservation principle considering sliding-caused heat consumption is employed in the analytical model. Besides, a finite element model estimating mechanics of unbonded flexible risers' bending is proposed. In the finite element model, couplings between bending moment–curvature and axial stress as well as contact interaction among layers and tendons have been considered. The theoretical and numerical results were validated against the corresponding experimental data in literature and mutually compared in analyzing nonlinear bending behavior of flexible risers. Moreover, the impacts of axisymmetric loads on riser's bending behavior have been further investigated.     

太阳能游览船能量平衡及续航里程研究

以某太阳能游览船为对象,分析船机桨能量平衡关系,建立船舶运动能量计算模型,计算匀速航速下的能量消耗,根据电池输出能量与船舶航行消耗能量相等原则,预测游览船续驶里程。通过实际运行数据表明,该模型能够较为准确的计算消耗功率,有效地预测游船的续驶里程。     

基于SEA的船舶螺旋桨横振传递路径分析及降噪研究

采用统计能量分析(Statistical Energy Analysis, SEA)对某船螺旋桨轴横振在到舱室中产生的噪声进行了仿真,在图论框架下将SEA系统等效为赋权有向图,求解中高频振动能量传到舱室的主要传递路径。使用偏离算法从赋权图中得到了500条传递权重最大的路径,从而确定螺旋桨振动传递到主机舱和集控室的主要路径。分析结果显示,螺旋桨横振激励主要通过二层甲板的与横舱壁的耦合传递到船首方向的舱室产生噪音,双层底和船壳对振动传递影响较小。在传递路径结构和耦合连接处采取的降噪措施可使集控室的噪声在各频段降低3 dB。     

箱梁横向框架内力的程序计算分析

运用平面框架分析的基本方法,对箱形截面梁的横向框架内力进行分析。为了解桥梁沿长度方向上各个截面的横向内力,在梁长度方向截取单位长度的框架,然后用能量原理推导出横向框架单元刚度矩阵及相应等效节点力,并用FORTRAN语言编制相关程序,最后得出在各级荷载组合下箱梁桥横向内力的变化规律。该方法对横向内力的计算比较简便,对找出横向内力最不利作用位置以及横向预应力配筋有参考意义。     

港口节能减排“绿色先锋”——RTG设备“油改电”

轮胎式集装箱起重设备的"油改电"项目是交通运输部重点支持的节能减排技术推广项目,对轮胎式集装箱起重机(RTG)存在的问题进行分析,重点介绍了"油改电"的基本工作原理和主要技术方案。列举各种实施方案的基本原理,旨在继续推广"油改电"技术,促进港口企业节能减排工作。     

居民阶梯价格用电量的计量与统计系统设计

本文根据实际需要,设计了居民阶梯价格用电量测量统计系统的硬件和软件。系统选用PIC16F72单片机为计量统计核心,以ADE7755电能专用测量芯片为用电检测手段,配备专用时钟芯片DS12C887、1602液晶显示器和二极管显示以及ps2键盘等外围部件构成,实现用电量测量统计的数字化、智能化以及使用上的人性化。     

重型混合动力车辆能耗排放测试系统的集成和验证

基于重型转鼓及全流定容采样稀释系统,集成了重型混合动力车辆(HD-HEV)能耗排放测试系统。在我国典型城市公交循环下,利用该系统对某并联混合动力公交车辆的能耗排放进行了测量,并对该测试系统进行了评价验证。结果表明,重型转鼓能够以小于2.5%的误差模拟试验车辆的行驶阻力;混合动力车辆的制动能量回收过程可以在转鼓复现;可以以较高的跟踪精度复现测试循环且各重复测试结果的重复性好。     

梁系统计能量分析中传输波的影响

机械系统中激励源传出的波将沿传输路径衰减,并会经由含源子系统边界传递出去,因而只有输入功率的残余部分以混响场的形式消耗在该子系统内。为提高应用统计能量分析法（SEA）计算振动噪声的精度,对上述过程进行深入分析,并以一个简单梁系为例,给出传入该梁系的输入功率的表达式。分析结果表明,传输波对计算结果的影响随着损耗因子的增加而增加。同时,分析将传输波的影响计入诸如舰船这种复杂空间结构的实际可行性。估算结果表明,仅对含源子结构考虑传输波的影响是充分可行的。     

Assessment of energy-saving techniques in direct-current-electrified mass transit systems

Railway rapid transit systems are key stones for the sustainability of mass transit in developed countries. The overwhelming majority of these railway systems are direct-current (DC) electrified and several energy-saving techniques have been proposed in the literature for these systems. The use of regenerative-braking in trains is generally recognised as the main tool to improve the efficiency of DC-electrified mass transit railway systems but the energy recovered in braking cannot always be handled efficiently, above all in low traffic-density situations. Several emerging technologies as energy storage systems or reversible traction substations have the potential for making it possible to efficiently use train-braking. However, a systematic evaluation of their effect is missing in the literature.In this paper, a deep, rigorous and comprehensive study on the factors which affect energy issues in a DC-electrified mass transit railway system is carried out. This study clarifies what the actual potential is for energy saving in each situation. Then, a methodology to asses several energy-saving techniques to improve energy efficiency in DC-electrified mass transit systems is presented, constituting the main contribution of this paper. This methodology has been conceived to help operators in assessing the effect of railway-infrastructure emerging technologies in transit systems, so making it possible to shape planning, capacity, etc. It is stepped out in three basic movements. First of all, a traffic-density scan analysis is conducted in order to clarify the effect of the headway on system behaviour. Secondly, several traffic-density scenarios are simulated for a set of infrastructure-expanded cases. Finally, annual energy saving is evaluated by applying a realistic operation timetable. This methodology has been applied to a case study in Madrid Metro (Spain) to illustrate the steps of its application and the effect of several energy-saving techniques on this specific system. Results confirm that regenerative braking generally leads to an important increase of system energy efficiency – especially at high traffic-density scenarios. It has also been proved that infrastructure improvements can also contribute to energy savings and their contributions are more significant at low traffic densities. Annual energy results have been obtained, which may lead to investment decisions by carrying out an appropriate economic assessment based on cost analysis.The main results of the study presented here are likely to apply to other electric traction systems, at least qualitatively.     

节能减排环保背景下的船用双燃料柴油机发展研究

船用天然气/柴油双燃料柴油机是一种具有良好发展前景的节能减排环保船用动力设备。从船用双燃料柴油机发展的时代背景,发展趋势及天然气燃料的优势,包括国内外船用柴油机发展趋势、船用双燃料柴油机的发展前景、船用天然气燃料的优势;船用双燃料柴油机及其子系统研究;船用双燃料柴油机的国内发展现状等方面,对节能减排环保背景下的船用双燃料柴油机发展进行了研究。