Theoretical and numerical analysis of bending behavior of unbonded flexible risers

This paper presents theoretical and numerical study on bending properties of unbonded flexible risers. To capture nonlinearities in layer's sliding, the stress component due to slip-stick behavior is considered and energy conservation principle considering sliding-caused heat consumption is employed in the analytical model. Besides, a finite element model estimating mechanics of unbonded flexible risers' bending is proposed. In the finite element model, couplings between bending moment–curvature and axial stress as well as contact interaction among layers and tendons have been considered. The theoretical and numerical results were validated against the corresponding experimental data in literature and mutually compared in analyzing nonlinear bending behavior of flexible risers. Moreover, the impacts of axisymmetric loads on riser's bending behavior have been further investigated.     

柔性基层在襄十高速公路上的应用

用沥青稳定粒料作基层在我国高等级公路施工中为数不多，无论从配合比设计到工程的实体施工都没有成功的经验可以借鉴，我公司联合武汉理工大学土木工程系。借鉴于国外牛津试验路级配并结合我国石料加工实际情况，在襄十高速公路上对柔性基层作了尝试。本文从柔性基层的配合比设计到施工技术都作了较为详细的阐述。     

柔性隔振系统功率流传递特性研究

由于基础和隔振器存在着动力耦合,经典隔振理论的局限性日益突出,从而出现了将基础简化为欧拉梁、柔性板、圆柱壳等。本文将基础简化为两端固支弹性梁,运用四端参数法推导了单层柔性隔振系统传递功率流,并运用电力类比法对推导结果进行了验证。通过数值仿真,分析了偏心激励对功率流传递特性的影响,并将功率流与振级落差频谱曲线进行了比较。结果表明：偏心激励会激发系统的高阶模态,基础的刚性会影响振级落差对功率流的估计。     

Evaluating Flexible Transport Solutions

Abstract

Flexible transport services (FTS) have been of increasing interest in developing countries as a bridge between the use of personal car travel and fixed route transit services. This paper reports on findings from a recent study in Queensland Australia, which identified lessons from an international review and implications for Australia. Potential strategic directions, including a vision, mission, key result areas, strategies, and identified means of measuring performance are described. Evaluation criteria for assessing flexible transport proposals were developed, and approaches to identifying and assessing needs and demands outlined. The use of emerging technologies is also a key element of successful flexible transport services.     

汽车低速碰撞模拟中的关键因素识别

为了在车辆开发过程中快速准确地识别各种边界条件变化对车辆低速碰撞性能的影响,选取3种不同结构特征的防撞梁结构,就模型简化、模型剪切、整备质量、重叠量、Y向撞击位置、角碰角度偏差和碰撞速度偏差7大因素进行分析研究,并识别出关键影响因素,为后续指导防撞梁开发奠定基础。     

汽车加速扭转共振问题的整改

为解决汽车加速扭转共振问题,探讨了某款柴油车在1 700 r/min左右产生的扭振和共鸣声的机理,可通过改变相关件的扭振频率及增加扭振阻尼来解决此问题.在没有双质量飞轮的情况下,最终通过调整离合器扭转减振器的刚度和阻尼,以及与传动轴挠性联轴器的组合运用,消除了该车型的扭振问题.结果表明,扭振是由系统共振引起,在扭振的源头采取对策才是最有效的方法.     

扭转梁后悬架C特性对转向特性的影响分析

为分析扭转梁C特性对稳态转向性能的影响,文章以模态综合法建立了某乘用车扭转梁后悬柔性模型,对建立的原型车进行侧向力C特性仿真,与对标车进行对比发现仿真与试验值存大较大差异,且侧向力前束特性存在较大的过度转向趋势.通过优化安装衬套的刚度使得原型车与试验结果吻合,最后对整车进行稳态回转仿真发现,负的前束侧向力特性不利于转向,优化后的模型提高了整车不足转向.     

Parametric analysis of wheel wear in high-speed vehicles

In order to reduce the wheel profile wear of highspeed trains and extend the service life of wheels, a dynamic model for a high-speed vehicle was set up, in which the wheelset was regarded as flexible body, and the actual measured track irregularities and line conditions were considered. The wear depth of the wheel profile was calculated by the well-known Archard wear law. Through this model, the influence of the wheel profile, primary suspension stiffness, track gage, and rail cant on the wear of wheel profile were studied through multiple iterafive calculations. Numerical simulation results show that the type XP55 wheel profile has the smallest cumulative wear depth, and the type LM wheel profile has the largest wear depth. To reduce the wear of the wheel profile, the equivalent conicity of the wheel should not be too large or too small. On the other hand, a small primary vertical stiffness, a track gage around 1,435-1,438 mm, and a rail cant around 1：35-1：40 are beneficial for dynamic performance improvement and wheel wear alleviation.     

Predicting the wet collapse pressure for flexible risers with initial ovalization and gap: An analytical solution

As offshore hydrocarbon production moves towards ultra-deep water, flexible risers have to withstand the huge hydro-static pressure without collapse. They are designed with strong collapse capacities, allowing them to operate under the condition where their annuli are flooded by the seawater. However, initial imperfections can weaken the collapse capacity under such a flooded condition, triggering the so-called “wet collapse”. Two common initial imperfections, the carcass ovality and the radial gap between the carcass and pressure armor, would reduce the collapse strength of flexible risers significantly. Mostly, collapse analyses are performed through numerical simulations, which are less feasible for the design stage of flexible risers comparing with analytical models. To date, there are few analytical models available in public literature to predict the wet collapse pressure of flexible risers accounting for initial ovality and gap. To meet this demand, an analytical model is established in this paper to address these issues. This model is developed as a spring-supported arch, solving the collapse pressure with stability theories of ring and arched structures. This analytical model is verified by numerical simulations, which gives prediction results that correlate well with the numerical ones.     

崩塌落石SN S柔性防护系统的设计选型与布置

简要介绍了SNS柔性防护系统的类型、特征，结合几年来的工程实践经验，说明该系统标准化的配置方式决定了其设计一般仅限于选型和现场布置方式的设计．从现场地形地貌、崩塌落石特征、施工安装、风险水平和经济比较等方面，讨论SNS柔性防护系统设计选型和布置方式的一般原则。