合成孔径雷达图像船舶自动检测新方法

针对传统SAR图像船舶自动检测方法在检测近岸目标时存在的普适性不强、计算量大、自动识别差的缺陷,提出了一种新的迭代阈值分割算法,通过消除噪声、分离目标检测出船舶目标,对比验证该方法能自动、快速、准确地检测近岸船舶目标。     

Unsupervised color-texture image segmentation

The measure J in J value segmentation （JSEG） fails to represent the discontinuity of color, which degrades the robustness and discrimination of JSEG. An improved approach for JSEG algorithm was proposed for unsupervised color-texture image segmentation. The texture and photometric invariant edge information were combined, which results in a discriminative measure for color-texture homogeneity. Based on the image whose pixel values are values of the new measure, region growing-merging algorithm used in JSEG was then employed to segment the image. Finally, experiments on a variety of real color images demonstrate performance improvement due to the proposed method.     

面向对象的QuickBird影像道路提取

采用面向对象影像分析方法对试验区Quick Bird影像进行了主干道目标的提取,通过影像多尺度分割、影像类规则库的建立以及面向对象的编辑,提取出试验区主干道目标,取得了不错的效果。     

基于图像处理的路面裂缝识别研究

传统的人工视觉检测裂缝方法具有耗力、耗时、不精确、影响交通、危险、花费高等缺点。这里介绍一种基于图像处理的路面裂缝类病害自动识别方法。首先使用一种掩膜平滑法,对有大量噪音的路面图像进行增强,再采用最大类间、类内距离准则对图像进行阈值分割,提取图像上的裂缝特征,实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于潜在类别模型的高铁旅客市场细分

对高速铁路旅客市场进行细分是应用收益管理理论的重要环节.基于京沪高铁的客票数据,选取年龄、性别、出行日期、出行距离、购票方式和提前购票时间6类外显变量作为分类指标,采用潜在类别模型进行高速铁路旅客市场的细分.首先将外显变量概率参数化后代入模型进行建模并利用Mplus软件进行模型求解,模型拟合的AIC和BIC等指标表明,当潜在类别为3类时模型具有较好的效果.然后根据模型参数估计结果对所有数据进行潜在聚类分析,分类正确率达到93%左右,表明分类结果合理,3种类别的旅客在提前购票时间、出行距离等方面具有明显的差异.潜在类别模型的引入可以为我国高速铁路收益管理理论研究和实践应用提供参考借鉴.     

基于乘员伤害分析的路侧行道树事故严重度评价

为了定量评估公路路侧行道树事故严重度,有针对性地提出安全改善措施,以减少车辆与路侧行道树碰撞的事故损失,分别引入加速度严重性指数(Acceleration Severity Index,ASI)、头部损伤判据(Head Injury Criteria,HIC)和胸部合成加速度(Chest Resultant Accel...     

航空货运客户细分与客户价值分析方法

为了航空货运企业保留和争取有价值客户,根据航空货运主要客户是货运代理的特点,采用价值与忠诚度2个维度,将航空货运客户细分为8类,提出了对8类货运代理客户的相关营销策略;在现有客户价值计算公式中加入了航班载运率的影响项,使之适合于航空货运业,为航空货运客户细分提供依据。计算结果表明：考虑和不考虑航班载运率的影响使客户价值相差近1／3,因此引进航班载运率的影响可更加正确地计算客户价值和正确地划分客户类型。     

Modeling traffic's flow-density relation: Accommodation of multiple flow regimes and traveler types

This research investigates freeway-flow impacts of different traveler types by specifying and applying a latent-segmentation model of congested and uncongested driving behaviors. Drivers in uncongested conditions are assumed to drive at self-chosen speeds, while drivers in congested conditions are assumed to take speed as given and choose a spacing (between their vehicle and the previous vehicle). Several classes of driver-vehicle combinations are distinguished in a data set based on double-loop-detector pulses and a household travel survey. These classifications are made on the basis of vehicle type and gender, leading to class estimates of speeds and spacings. The segmentation model is specified as a logit function of density, weather, and vehicle type, leading to estimates of congested-condition probabilities. Unobserved heterogeneity is incorporated in all models via common error assumptions.Results indicate that segmentation models are promising tools for traffic data analysis and that information on travelers, their vehicles, and weather conditions explains significant variation in flow data. By clarifying a greater understanding of traffic conditions and traveler behavior explains much scatter in the fundamental relation between flow, speed, and density, can assist regions in their traffic-management efforts and engineers in their design of roadway facilities. Ultimately, such improvements to travel networks should enhance quality of life.     

基于栅格元模型的纹理图像分割方法

提出了一种基于栅格元模型的纹理图像分割方法,该方法结合了视觉栅格元模型对不同纹理方向和频率的响应敏感性及特征变换的降维特性。首先通过栅格元运算模型提取图像的多维纹理特征,然后利用变换法将特征从多维空间映射到低维空间,最后依据降维后的纹理特征将图像分割为不同的纹理区域。仿真结果表明,该方法不但能有效地分割纹理图像,而且能分割出由纹理和非纹理区域组成的混合图像,与传统的Gabor滤波器法相比,分割效果更佳,适用范围更宽。     

基于视觉注意机制 PCNN 模型的车牌 图像分割方法

车辆图像中车牌具有所占比例小、位置不固定、大小不一,以及分割易受光照影 响的特点.因此,车牌图像的分割始终是车辆跟踪、车辆识别等领域中的难点问题.针对以 上问题,本文提出了基于视觉注意机制脉冲耦合神经网络模型的车牌图像分割方法.该方 法将视觉注意机制中的数据驱动模式和任务驱动模式相结合. 数据驱动模式中,通过对 PCNN 模型细胞感受野功能的完善,使优化 PCNN 模型具有了尺度性和方向性.任务驱 动模式中,针对不同尺度的分割,利用组合不变矩和局部灰度熵,自适应地确定目标的特 征尺度和最佳尺度,并确定该目标最终的分割结果.经实验验证,该方法对车牌图像具有 较好的分割效果.