探讨山洪灾害对公路桥梁的破坏与对策

文章结合山洪对公路拱桥、梁桥两类桥型的上构破坏形式及机理进行分析,提出相应对策,供公路设计和养护部门参考。     

沥青路面土基模量季节变化影响分析

通过铺筑室内土基足尺试验,模拟南方气候条件的变化控制地下水位,实测得到1年内各个月份的土基模量值,用弹性层状体系理论计算了典型路面结构各个时期内各计算点处的应力、应变、变形,进而对常用的路面设计指标弯沉、疲劳、车辙进行了损伤分析,将计算结果与考虑最不利季节模量的计算值进行了对比分析,得出对于我国半刚性路面,土基模量的季节性变化对弯沉和疲劳损伤影响较大,而对于车辙损伤的影响较小的结论。     

Household Mobility Tool Ownership: Modeling Interactions between Cars and Season Tickets

This paper moves beyond traditional models of car ownership in that we propose a framework for modeling household-level decisions to acquire specific types and numbers of mobility tools to fulfill the mobility needs of household members. The framework is applied to a data set collected during the winter and spring of 2000/2001 in the German city Karlsruhe via an interactive web-based stated response survey in which respondents could optimize their household mobility tool sets through on-line feedback concerning the estimated costs of the sets. In our analysis, bivariate ordered probit models are estimated for three combinations of mobility tools: season tickets (i.e., transit passes) and cars, season tickets and small cars and season tickets and large cars. In all instances, strong substitution effects are found – that is, as the number of season tickets increases, the number of cars decreases. This finding underscores the need to move beyond simple models of car ownership to comprehensive models of mobility tool ownership. As demonstrated by our research, failure to do so is likely to lead to biased results.     

长大曲线路堤边坡稳定性分析

阐述曲线外侧路堤边坡沿路肩失稳,以及沿道心和路肩一侧滑坡的现象,分析列车作均速曲线运动产生的横向力,包括未被平离心力,导向力的作用,以及地表水、地下水对路基稳定性的,影响,列举一例做抗滑稳定性检算。     

Changes concerning commute traffic distribution on a road network following the occurrence of a natural disaster – The example of a flood in the Mazovian Voivodeship (Eastern Poland)

The purpose of this article is to determine the size and spatial structure of changes in traffic density within the regional road network following an occurrence of a flood in the Mazovian Voivodeship, Poland. The use of the application developed for the purpose of this article – offers a possibility to react accordingly when there are non-typical obstructions (here: a flood). On the basis of the conducted study, it has been stated that the greatest changes in vehicle traffic density (the analysis of commute traffic) regard the capital of Mazovian Voivodeship, which – first of all – stems from the fact that it is Warsaw that the largest number of employees commute to. Secondly, it is influenced by the location of the capital city in relation to the river system. In the case of the analysed voivodeship and in ‘normal’ circumstances (no flood), commuting to work remains approximately within the 160-min isochrone. In the second variant, this time would extend nearly eightfold, and in the remaining scenarios fivefold. As far as ‘normal’ circumstances (no flood) and commuting in the Mazovian Voivodeship are concerned, the greatest load refers in particular to the following road classes: main road of accelerated traffic, main road and cumulative road. In this case, express and motorways play a marginal role. On the other hand, in the remaining scenarios, the importance of the class of main road of accelerated traffic decreases at the expense of the classes of main road and cumulative road.     

浅谈船队如何安全通过汛期京杭运河扬州邵伯湖航段

京杭运河扬州邵伯湖航段为B级航区。每逢汛期,由于淮河洪水流经该航段形成较大横流,对船舶尤其是船队航行构成严重威胁。文章针对该航段现状,侧重从引航、驾驶、监督管理等技术角度,提出如何确保船队在汛期安全过湖的操作方法和具体安全措施。     

季节性公路施工技术探讨

结合多年的公路施工经验,探讨了冬季和雨季公路施工技术,分别介绍了这两个季节的施工特点和质量控制注意事项,可为今后类似工程的施工提供借鉴。     

上海轨道交通4号线制冷季车辆动态负荷分析

车辆空调冷负荷表征了车辆的制冷能力,是保证乘员热舒适性和运行经济性的基本环节。精确确定车辆空调负荷,是车辆空调工程的设计基础。基于传热学原理,以上海轨道交通4号线为模型,依托于实时气温与客流量统计数据,对制冷季车辆动态负荷进行了精确计算和分析。结果表明,制冷季的车辆负荷与人员流动性密切相关;整个制冷季制冷机组多处于低负荷运行工况,满负荷工况主要出现在极端气候下和高峰客流量时。     

低温季节Superpave沥青路面施工控制研究

因工程工期较紧须在低温季节进行Superpave沥青路面施工,结合204国道扩建工程南通海安段路面施工实际情况,并综合考虑了Superpave结构特点,进行了沥青混合料配合比设计,利用针对性强的工程技术措施,科学合理的施工组织,较好地控制了Superpave沥青路面的低温施工质量。     

浅析“浑太胡同”内公路路面高程的水文计算

介绍了"浑太胡同"的概念,并结合鞍山至台安高速公路工程实例,阐述了"浑太胡同"内公路路面高程的水文计算方法。