Variable speed limit control for severe non-recurrent freeway bottlenecks

Variable speed limit (VSL) schemes are developed based on the Kinematic Wave theory to increase discharge rates at severe freeway bottlenecks induced by non-recurrent road events such as incidents or work zones while smoothing speed transition. The main control principle is to restrict upstream demand (in free-flow) progressively to achieve three important objectives: (i) to provide gradual speed transition at the tail of an event-induced queue, (ii) to clear the queue around the bottleneck, and (iii) to discharge traffic at the stable maximum flow that can be sustained at the bottleneck without breakdown. These control objectives are accomplished without imposing overly restrictive speed limits. We further provide remedies for (a) underutilized bottleneck capacity due to underestimated stable maximum flow and (b) a re-emergent queue at the bottleneck due to an overestimated stable maximum flow. We analytically formulate the reductions in total delay in terms of control parameters to provide an insight into the system performance and sensitivity. The results from the parameter analysis suggest that significant delay savings can be realized with the proposed VSL control strategies.     

PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION OF EPENDYMAL CELLS IN THE BRAIN OF ADULT RATS AFTER PERMANENT FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Objective Ependymal cells are thought to be the primary source of neural stem cells in the adult central nervous system. The purpose of this study is to examine spatial and temporal profiles of ependymal cell proliferation and migration after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion after injection of 10/μL of 0.2% Dil into the lateral ventricle. Rats were sacrificed and brain sections were acquired for pathological evaluation and laser confocal imaging at day 1,3,7,11,14,21 and 28 after ischemia. Results The density of Dil-labeled cells in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was significantly higher than that in the control group and these labeled cells dispersed in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone and/or were located in ependyma from day 1 to 11. In the ischemic ipsilateral cortex, some Diilabeled cells occurred in peri-infarction and infarction of parietal region at day14 and peaked at day 21 when some Dil-labeled cell nodules were found in this region. During postischemic day 14--28, a significant decrease in labeled celldensity in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was coincident with a significant increase in labeled cells density in the cortex (peri-infarction and infarction). Conclusion The results indicate that ependymal cells proliferate and migrate after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain.     

斜拉桥190m主塔锚固区U形预应力管道摩阻试验研究

针对斜拉桥190m主塔塔身锚固区U形预应力管道摩阻试验的过程,没有像传统的斜拉桥做此试验时制作足尺模型,而是直接利用塔身位置上的设计孔道,采用2台千斤顶对拉进行摩阻试验,并对整个过程进行了总结,形成科研成果。该方法简单、方便,既节省了成本,又能达到试验目的,可供同类桥梁施工借鉴。     

均布荷载作用下双面组合梁的滑移效应分析

利用基本力学方法对钢．混凝土双面组合梁在均布荷载作用下的滑移效应进行分析，推导得到了负弯矩区上、下交界面滑移沿梁长方向的表达式，并通过算例比较了双面组合梁与传统单面连续组合梁的滑移特点。计算表明，与传统单面连续组合梁相比，钢-混凝土双面组合连续梁不仅在负弯矩区提高了截面承载力，也使截面刚度得到了提高。     

高速公路施工区交通组织方案研究

首先分析了高速公路施工区交通组织的基本原则,提出施工作业区长度控制问题,并提出了施工区各控制区（警告区、锥形区和缓冲区）的长度标准,深入研究了施工区的限速分级标准和程序,通过推荐新增施工区的各类标志,与现有的施工区交通标志共同构成了施工区的标志系统,在此基础上,对高速公路施工区交通标志和交通安全设施的设置进行了研究。     

某高速公路桥梁拓宽后伸缩缝锚固区混凝土破坏原因分析

结合九乡河大桥扩建工程,探讨了桥台处伸缩缝锚固区混凝土的有限元建模方法,着重研究了桥台处伸缩缝锚固区混凝土的破坏成因。分析表明,伸缩缝锚固区开裂的主要原因是新旧桥台的不均匀沉降,采用文中提供的建模方法,可以正确地模拟伸缩缝处混凝土的破坏,从而明确破坏机理,并为此类旧桥加宽工程的设计和施工提供借鉴。     

模糊层次综合评估法在隧道断层破碎带塌方风险评估上的应用

针对绵竹至茂县公路云湖1号隧道F29断层破碎带,选取围岩级别、开挖宽度、地下水、不良地质、施工单位技术和管理水平等5个对塌方影响较大的因素,运用模糊层次综合评估法对该不良地质段进行了塌方风险分析,确定了云湖1号隧道F29断层破碎带发生塌方的风险等级,有助于指导设计与施工采取合理措施确保隧道安全。该方法在隧道工程建设中具有一定的实用价值,可为以后类似的隧道工程进行风险评估提供参考。     

全充填压力注浆法在公路煤矿采空区治理中的应用

在公路工程建设中常遇到采空区处理问题,压力注浆法以其工艺和内在质量,对解决这类问题非常有效,以工程实例加以介绍。     

斜拉桥索塔锚固区环形预应力束孔道摩阻试验研究

通过某公路立交桥索塔锚固区节段足尺模型试验,实测索塔锚固区内环形预应力钢束的摩阻系数、应力损失率和伸长量等数据,与设计数据进行校核、修正,并确定实际的环形预应力束张拉的摩阻系数以及初始张拉控制应力值．使环形预应力束张拉伸长值控制在合理范围。     

基于行车模拟牵引计算的地铁区间风井设置

什么条件下地铁地下区间中部需设置区间风井,在相关设计规范及设计标准中均没有明确规定,争议较多。提供一种基于行车模拟牵引计算、在一定研究前提条件下确定较长地下区间是否设置中间风井的理论研究方法,提出是否设置区间风井的判定标准及具体的研究实操步骤,并通过实例结果分析,明确设置区间风井的最小站间距临界值,为相关领域内的研究者、决策者及地铁建设、运营单位提供参考。