地铁单向加车小交路方案研究

从减少运营列车配置和运营成本的角度,探讨一种更经济有效的列车运行交路设计方案。基于深圳地铁3号线的案例,提出单向加车小交路方案,对其方案的优缺点进行分析,得出以下结论：单向发车交路方案在节约车辆购置费、运营成本、场段规模等方面均有优势,可以提高运营效率,是缓解局部高峰客流非常行之有效的手段。总结采用该方案的若干适用条件（客流潮汐现象明显、场段分布及规模适宜等）,希望能为业内设计及运营实践提供一定的帮助。     

Cost and User Profile of a Coastal Ocean Observing System

Fundamental to sustaining the financial support of a coastal ocean observing system is an intimate knowledge of users and their decision-making processes in order to maximize the worth of ocean observations to them. This article explores the evolving mission of GoMOOS (the Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System), its costs of providing near real-time observations and observing products, possible methods to assess the benefits of an ocean observing system, and a method for indexing the importance—and thus, potentially, the economic value—that users attach to these observations and products.     

大数据时代我国快递业的发展现状与趋势

把握快递行业未来发展方向,梳理了大数据技术在快递行业的应用场景并分析了大数据技术对快递行业的影响。分析结果表明,大数据技术能帮助快递企业进行最优配送方案推荐、实时监控车辆设备、解构行业数据、分析市场格局等,从而帮助行业提升配送效率、降低配送成本。未来,快递行业将充分利用大数据技术加强对物流数据的收集、分析与业务应用。在大数据技术影响下,快递企业将呈现四大发展趋势：（1）时效进一步提升,成本继续降低;（2）从快递向物流上下游串联;（3）从国内向国际网络不断外扩;（4）先进的数据分析技术向其他行业外溢。     

A meta-analysis of Western European external costs estimates

This paper analyses the external transport cost estimates that have been found in various European studies. These estimates seem at first glance to be highly dispersed, a fact which raises questions about their reliability. The article offers a list of the possible reasons for discrepancies between the various studies; differences in the specific situations studied, in the type of cost calculated, in the physical laws relating to emissions, in the measurement of values of external costs. It assesses the relative magnitude of each of these causes through a meta-analysis. It turns out that the main differences come from the specificity of the situation under review and the type of cost calculated. In comparison, differences in the laws and in the values methods have a lower importance. The conclusion is that the estimates of external costs are reliable for decision-making policies.     

公路费用的构成与分摊

从经济学中引发费用公平的角度研究公路费用的构成和分摊；分析典型车型在等级道路上引发费用的构成；最后，对典型车型的各种引发费用进行初步的估算。     

道路时间费用预测模型研究

时间费用是公路建设和公路养护投资效益分析所必须考虑的经济指标之一。旅行时间费用、车辆运营费用和道路事故费用三者一起构成了道路的用户费用。随着公路网水平的提高、社会的发展和人们生活水平的不断提高，时间费用将在用户费用中占有更大的比重。本文就时间和由此产生的费用及费用计算方法进行初步探讨。     

论城市公共物流中心规划建设的必要性

目前我国许多城市正在规划和建设物流中心，但忽视了对城市公共物流中心的规划建设。类似城市道路、下水道、电力、公交等系统，公共型物流中心已成为城市不可缺少的基础设施之一。论文在分析公共型物流中心的特点以及现有物流中心存在问题的基础上．探讨了城市公共物流中心规划建设的必要性。     

基于灰色关联分析的工程造价控制

从影响工程造价的土地费用、图纸设计及管理、施工图预算价、工期、工程变更费用和工料机信息价等6个因素出发,根据灰色关联分析理论计算出各因素与工程造价的关联度,得到各因素对工程造价灰色关联度的排序。研究表明:施工图预算价对工程造价的影响最大,管理者要注重施工图预算的编制策略和技巧,科学适度地控制此因素,这样可以避免发生"三超"现象,以较少的投入获得较多的效益。     

论城市公共物流中心规划建设的必要性

目前我国许多城市正在规划和建设物流中心,但忽视了对城市公共物流中心的规划建设。类似城市道路、下水道、电力、公交等系统,公共型物流中心已成为城市不可缺少的基础设施之一。论文在分析公共型物流中心的特点以及现有物流中心存在问题的基础上,探讨了城市公共物流中心规划建设的必要性。     

External costs of electric vehicles

Electric vehicles (EV) are often considered a promising technology to decrease external costs of road transport. Therefore, main external cost components are estimated for EV and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). These include costs of accidents, air pollution, climate change, noise, and congestion. All components are estimated over the product lifetime and, where appropriate, differentiated according to fuel type, vehicle size as well as emission location and time. The advantage of this differentiation is, however, compensated by high uncertainties of most cost estimates. Overall, the external costs of EV and ICEV do not differ significantly. Only for climate change, local air pollutants in congested inner-cities, and noise some advantageous effects can be observed for EV. The advantages depend strongly on the national electricity power plant portfolio and potentially also on the charging strategy. Controlled charging might allow for higher emission reductions than uncontrolled charging of EV.