具有动态调节机制的多粒子群改进算法及应用

针对标准粒子群算法(standard particle swarm optimization,SPSO)的稳定性较差及易陷入局部收敛等缺陷,将粒子群体划分为多组粒子群,提出了一种子群粒子和其产生的精英粒子分两步协同进化的方案,采用混沌、高斯动态扰动粒子位置及云正态模型自适应动态调整惯性权重等动态调节机制优化粒子飞行轨迹,促进粒子又快又好的向群体最优目标飞行,以改善SPSO算法的全局寻优性能并提高多目标优化问题的多样性.采用新颖的误差适应度函数设计了FIR高通数字滤波器,并与基于RGA、PSO、CRPSO及典型Parks-McClellan算法的滤波器进行了对比与分析.仿真实验表明:基于具有动态调节机制的多粒子群改进算法及目标函数设计的滤波器,具有通带波动小,阻带衰减大的优势.     

一种多样性反馈高斯粒子群算法

针对粒子群算法在算法迭代后期因多样性减少而容易陷入局部最优的缺陷,引入种群多样性反馈(群活性反馈)和高斯正态惯性权重变异算子对粒子群算法进行改进,当粒子群的多样性减少时,通过改变粒子的惯性权重调节粒子速度和位置,从而跳出局部最优解.与标准粒子群算法对比仿真结果表明:多样性反馈高斯粒子群算法在全局搜索能力和寻优性能上有很大提高,多样性提高近一倍,迭代时间缩短近3/4.     

基于二维高斯样条函数的水下地磁被动定位

目前利用水下地磁信息对惯导误差进行校正多以各类匹配算法为核心,对此论文提出一种基于二维高斯样条函数的水下地磁被动定位新模式。文章首先介绍了一种利用二维高斯样条函数逼近的连续局部地磁场模型,随后在该模型的基础上将实测地磁表示为连续的解析形式,最后以实测地磁作为包含目标位置信息的量测值,并结合扩展卡尔曼滤波算法对目标位置进行最优估计。这种方法无需使用常用的匹配算法,因而也就摆脱了匹配算法的诸多限制。以分辨率为2′×2′的某区域地磁异常数据为背景场进行仿真,最终的仿真结果表明：经高斯样条函数逼近的局部地磁场模型平均误差小于0．26nT ,水下平均经、纬定位误差分别小于0．96和0．33海里。     

基于投影和密度的高维数据流聚类算法

在经典数据流的聚类算法基础之上,提出了一种基于投影和密度的高维数据流聚类算法——HpDenStream,该算法结合滑动窗口技术,采用投影算法对高维数据流进行降维处理,并运用密度聚类算法对降维后的数据进行异常数据检测。仿真实验结果表明:该方法占用的存储空间小,算法的工作量少,并提高了算法的执行效率。     

Solving conformal contacts using multi-Hertzian techniques

Recently, publications aiming at wheel–rail contact surveys let readers think that multi-Hertzian methods present severe drawbacks with respect to ‘virtual penetration’ methods. These surveys criticise multi-Hertzian solutions mainly because presenting ‘larger contacts overlaps’ and ‘frequent secondary contacts near the border of the first contact’, both obvious geometric possibilities of which the practical occurrence and eventual inconvenience would remain purely theoretical unless established over definite methods demonstrating poor practical results. Recent surveys all quote Piotrowski–Chollet 2005 survey of wheel–rail contact models that attempted to illustrate defective multi-Hertzian techniques by concentrating on the method initiated by Sauvage in the 1990s and further developed by Pascal. The 2005 paper not only gives no evidence of practical inconveniences of Sauvage’s method but also confuses static geometric contact overlaps with the dynamical overlapping of forces. In reality it mixes Sauvage method up with a quite different technique. Thus a clarification is now necessary by reminding what the proper Sauvage technique really is and by showing some of its practical successful applications. The present paper, focusing on determination of normal contact forces in conformal situations, intends to explain clearly the advantages of the unequivocal localisation of secondary ellipses in that multi-Hertzian method which has been developed in INRETS VOCO codes in the 1990s and successfully used by SNCF and ALSTOM in the INRETS-SNCF code, VOCODYM, and later in Pascal’s online calculation of railway elastic contacts code. It proved its effectiveness for studying freight wagons derailments as well as rail wear and head-check, unrounded wheels wear, high-speed lines’ deformations or TGV comfort. While simulating American ACELA trainsets’ behaviour on the US North-East Corridor tracks, prior to actual tests, as part of the commercial contract. It has been also a major tool for bringing back together French and American Safety Standards.     

海上工程导航定位和测量质量控制

根据实践经验 ,总结海上工程导航定位和测量质量控制的有效手段 ,可供其它海上工程导航定位及测量时参考 .     

基于投影寻踪回归模型的短时交通量预测研究

准确有效地预测短时交通量是实施交通诱导及控制的前提与关键。投影寻踪方法能从不符合正态分布的或没有多少先验信息的数据本身中找出其结构或特征,并能在线性投影中解决非线性结构的问题。文中将投影寻踪回归算法理论应用于短时交通量预测领域,采用正交Hermite多项式拟合岭函数,并用C＋＋语言设计出相应模型的实现算法,对短时交通量实施滚动预测。利用某快速路实际观测数据进行预测实验,实验结果证实该方法具有可行性、可靠性,有一定的实用价值。     

面向三维重建的视图坐标转换

结合面法几何学和工程制图的投影原理和制图规则,讨论了一二维坐标系下的各视图图形坐标到空间投景坐标的转换策略,通过引入二维半中间坐标系推导出了映射算子,并建立了各视图间对应点坐标在统一二维坐标系下的联动约束关系。