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交通事件是引发快速路交通延误的主要因素,迅速、有效的检测事件是快速路交通管理与控制的重要组成部分。本文利用CUSUM理论提出了基于浮动车数据的城市快速路交通事件自动检测算法;通过采集北京市快速路上的真实事件信息以及浮动车探测数据,对不同采样间隔条件下的算法性能进行了实际验证,并与传统的基于浮动车数据的UCB算法验证结果进行了对比分析。结果表明：所提算法在采样间隔为1分钟条件下的检测性能要优于采样间隔为5分钟条件下的检测性能;相对于UCB算法而言,所提算法的检测性能大大提高,在同一误报率条件下检测率可提高10%左右。     

基于蚁群优化算法与出租车GPS数据的公众出行路径优化

以出租车GPS采集的浮动车数据为依据,研究出租车驾驶员路径选择的认知及类蚂蚁的行为特征。根据城市道路功能等级与出租车的通行频率等信息素,建立出租车驾驶员路径选择信息素等级路网,并以此作为路网初始信息素,综合考虑路径通行时间、通行距离、路径信息素等级等多个因素,提出了基于蚁群优化算法的公众出行路径规划优化算法。以武汉市路网和浮动车为试验数据,将模型规划的道路与浮动车数据库中的轨迹进行了比较。结果表明:基于蚁群优化算法与出租车GPS数据的公众出行路径同出租车驾驶员选择的出行路径相似度很高,能为公众出行提供出租车驾驶员选择的行车路径。     

基于投影寻踪模型的公路目标持续性综合评价

投影寻踪法具有变高维数据为低维数据,适用于处理非线性、离散数据的特点。文章针对公路目标持续性综合评价中指标的多样性、模糊性特点,提出了基于投影寻踪模型的公路目标持续性综合评价方法,并通过实例分析,证明了该方法使评价过程更客观、准确、简洁,具有一定的理论意义和应用价值。     

改进原对偶遗传算法在搜索边坡最危险滑动面中的应用

文章基于janbu条分法,提出一种改进的原对偶遗传算法,并开发出相应的计算程序,自由搜索边坡任意形状最危险滑动面,求解其最小安全系数。通过工程实例验算证明,改进原对偶遗传算法是一种值得推广的边坡稳定性分析方法。     

基于余弦窗FFT算法的智能轮胎实时不平衡量振动信号处理系统研究

目前智能轮胎实时侦测技术的研发已成为汽车技术发展的主要方向之一,智能轮胎实时信号处理系统是实现智能轮胎实时侦测功能的关键。本文提出一种基于余弦窗FFT算法的智能轮胎实时不平衡量振动信号处理系统,通过传感器、信号放大器、滤波板、数据采集卡、计算系统等实现行驶车辆智能轮胎振动信号的采集、放大、调理、预处理和处理,其中,计算系统采用余弦窗FFT算法,结合电子地图路面信息系统,有效获取智能轮胎实时不平衡量振动信号的幅值与相位。该系统能有效处理异步采样信号,满足智能轮胎在线监测快速、准确的测量需求。     

A fuzzy logic-genetic algorithm approach to modelling public transport users’ risk-taking behaviour

This paper seeks to determine the effects of uncertainty in out-of-vehicle times on route choice. Data were collected at two key interchanges in Auckland, New Zealand. Previous work modelled the data using a manual approach to fuzzy logic. This study extends that work by automating the process through defining a black-box function to match the survey data, then employing a genetic algorithm to fine-tune the fuzzy logic model. Results show that automation and the genetic algorithm improve the model’s capability to more accurately predict ridership. The tuning of the membership functions is conducted twice, first using initial fuzzy rules and again after the fuzzy rules have been adjusted to reduce disparity between the output and survey data. The calibrated membership functions provided for operational (transfer waiting and walking time and delay) and physical attributes (safety and seat availability) can be used by practitioners to determine an estimated ridership.     

Modeling and optimizing urban bus transit considering headway variation for cost and service reliability analysis

Due to the stochastic nature of traffic conditions and demand fluctuations, it is a challenging task for operators to maintain reliable services, and passengers often suffer from longer travel times. A failure to consider this issue while planning bus services may lead to undesirable results, such as higher costs and a deterioration in level of service. Considering headway variation at route stops, this paper develops a mathematical model to optimize bus stops and dispatching headways that minimize total cost, consisting of both user and operator costs. A Genetic Algorithm is applied to search for a cost-effective solution in a real-world case study of a bus transit system, which improves service reliability in terms of a reduced coefficient of variation of headway.     

改进型PID算法在调距桨控制系统中的应用

调距桨控制系统在调整螺距时,为避免高工况时频繁调距和大幅度增减螺距指令带来的超调,提出改进型PID控制算法设计,并进行实船验证。应用结果表明,改进型PID算法可以有效的降低高工况的调距频率和抑制螺距指令剧变带来的控制系统超调。     

基于量子行为遗传算法的船体局部结构优化设计

采用遗传算法解决船舶复杂结构中混合设计变量优化问题时,其效果很有效,且能获得全局最优可行解。然而,简单遗传算法局部搜索能力差且易于早熟。为了提高对船舶复杂结构设计变量解空间的搜索能力,该文设计了一种基于二进制编码的适用于混合变量的量子行为遗传算法,比较适合于复杂函数的全局寻优,且搜索能力优于标准遗传算法。通过三个算例对算法的寻优能力进行测试,实验结果表明,采用量子行为遗传算法进行的船体局部结构优化设计具有较好的计算质量与计算效率。     

Development of port service network in OBOR via capacity sharing: an idea from Zhejiang province in China

The ‘Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road’ (One Belt One Road, OBOR) strategy initiated by the Chinese government has a significant impact on the business and logistics modes which involves Asia, Europe, Africa, and their adjacent seas. Many countries and ports are developing new strategies that are suitable for this economic environment. Compared with many ports in the world, the ports in Zhejiang province of China have a novel property. In addition to Ningbo-Zhoushan port, there are several other sea ports and river ports in that province. In this paper, we propose a concept of port service network that consists of a huge hub and multiple ports. Ports of small and medium sizes can share their capacities of different types of port service with the hub when the service capacities are integrated into the network. We develop a mixed integer nonlinear programming model to determine the optimal decisions in such a network with constraints on the budget to conduct integration. An optimization algorithm incorporated with a genetic algorithm is developed to solve large size problems. We provide managerial insights on the policies of government, including expanding port capacity, reducing fixed integration cost, and providing better financial condition.