1/32° real-time global ocean prediction and value-added over 1/16° resolution

A 1/32° global ocean nowcast/forecast system has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory at the Stennis Space Center. It started running at the Naval Oceanographic Office in near real-time on 1 Nov. 2003 and has been running daily in real-time since 1 Mar. 2005. It became an operational system on 6 March 2006, replacing the existing 1/16° system which ceased operation on 12 March 2006. Both systems use the NRL Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) with assimilation of sea surface height from satellite altimeters and sea surface temperature from multi-channel satellite infrared radiometers. Real-time and archived results are available online at http://www.ocean.nrlssc.navy.mil/global_nlom. The 1/32° system has improvements over the earlier system that can be grouped into two categories: (1) better resolution and representation of dynamical processes and (2) design modifications. The design modifications are the result of accrued knowledge since the development of the earlier 1/16° system. The improved horizontal resolution of the 1/32° system has significant dynamical benefits which increase the ability of the model to accurately nowcast and skillfully forecast. At the finer resolution, current pathways and their transports become more accurate, the sea surface height (SSH) variability increases and becomes more realistic and even the global ocean circulation experiences some changes (including inter-basin exchange). These improvements make the 1/32° system a better dynamical interpolator of assimilated satellite altimeter track data, using a one-day model forecast as the first guess. The result is quantitatively more accurate nowcasts, as is illustrated by several model-data comparisons. Based on comparisons with ocean color imagery in the northwestern Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman, the 1/32° system has even demonstrated the ability to map small eddies, 25–75 km in diameter, with 70% reliability and a median eddy center location error of 22.5 km, a surprising and unanticipated result from assimilation of altimeter track data. For all of the eddies (50% small eddies), the reliability was 80% and the median eddy center location error was 29 km. The 1/32° system also exhibits improved forecast skill in relation to the 1/16° system. This is due to (a) a more accurate initial condition for the forecast and (b) better resolution and representation of critical dynamical processes (such as upper ocean – topographic coupling via mesoscale flow instabilities) which allow the model to more accurately evolve these features in time while running in forecast mode (forecast atmospheric forcing for the first 5 days, then gradually reverting toward climatology for the remainder of the 30-day forecast period). At 1/32° resolution, forecast SSH generally compares better with unassimilated observations and the anomaly correlation of the forecast SSH exceeds that from persistence by a larger amount than found in the 1/16° system.     

水文资料分析预测初探

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利用基础分析法,借助时间序列回归预测等技术手段对太平洋航线东西航线的运量和运力做了合理的预测,可为船公司进行战略调整和决策提供一定的依据。     

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对地基承载力的不确定性进行分析,将人工神经网络应用于地基承载力的确定,建立了地基承载力的神经网络模型,时勘察设计有一定的使用价值。     

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为克服路基沉降预测方法的缺陷和传统BP神经网络存在的不足,采用Levenberg-Marquardt算法改进了BP神经网络的收敛性,建立了路基沉降预测模型。结合津秦客运专线路基沉降实测数据,将该优化模型与传统的BP神经网络预测模型进行了对比,计算结果表明改进后的BP神经网络在路基沉降预测中精度最高,取得了好的效果。     

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隧道施工中,地质超前预报愈显重要。采用综合超前地质预报指导施工,以浙江省云景高速公路西周岭隧道施工为例,根据现场预报结果,及时调整围岩分级、设计参数及施工方法,使施工达到快速、安全的目的。     

深圳市坪盐通道规划研究方案的初步分析

该文从深圳市原有的高快速路网体系的实际出发,结合坪盐通道的规划研究方案,对新增加快速通道规划研究需要注意的若干问题进行了探讨,为完善城市高快速路网体系提供参考。     

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利用断裂力学方法对冷再生基层材料的疲劳裂纹扩展进行分析,选择合适的断裂力学公式及参数,进而推导出疲劳寿命预估方程,分析方程中参数的取值并给出算例.通过算例得到的结果对影响疲劳寿命的因素进行分析,并与通过试验得到的数据进行对比.结果表明,用断裂力学方法预测含裂缝冷再生基层材料的疲劳寿命更合理.