Driver information systems — A North American perspective

Driver information systems (DIS) are considered in North America as a major category of Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems (IVHS), which offers to improve the efficiency and safety of driving by means of an amalgamation of information technology with vehicle and highway technologies. Traditionally North America has basic strengths in a number of information technologies that are relevant to DIS. Due to a hiatus in federal funding in the early 1980s, DIS development in North America during the past decade has emphasized autonomous systems on the vehicles until recently. The current acceleration of IVHS development in the United States has resulted from a number of converging forces and has provided the impetus for developing advanced driver information systems (ADIS) that integrates the vehicle and the highway. Large-scale demonstration and implementation of ADIS will hinge on the major legislations in the near future, and on the successful development of public-private sector partnerships in IVHS.     

中国海区的海上定位基准

本文讨论了中国海区的海上定位基准，系统简明地阐述了中国海区采用的各种坐标系统和表示方法及其相互关系。本文提供的各种大地坐标转换的数学模型，对于航海人员和相关学科的科技人员具有实际应用价值。     

LMDT机车无线数据移动终端设备

论述了LMDT机车无线数据移动终端设备的组成、接口及功能业务情况,并且采用了双套通信模块及电源系统硬件冗余设计方案,确保CTCS-3级列控系统安全可靠地工作。     

GPS/GIS在城市公共交通调度系统中的应用研究

城市公共交通的合理调度已成为城市交通发展的重要课题。本文从GPS和GIS的特点出发，探讨了基于GPS和GIS技术的城市公共交通实时调度系统的建构过程，并对系统实现的有关技术问题进行了分析。     

基于青连铁路四电工程BIM技术的应用研究

以青连铁路四电工程为试点,对铁路四电BIM技术进行应用。开展基于达索平台的铁路四电过程BIM技术的应用研究,通过青连铁路四电工程BIM技术的应用与实施,具体分析BIM技术在铁路建设协同设计、施工过程以及项目管理中的方法与应用。探索出一种适用于铁路四电工程BIM应用的技术路线,从协同设计到施工管理,基于BIM模型完成铁路四电工程拓展应用,提供了系统的BIM应用案例。     

基于ZigBee和GSM的桥隧贯通地线监测

我国铁路桥梁隧道处贯通地线由于不能埋地铺设而容易被盗或损坏.设计一种基于Zig-Bee和GSM技术的远程监测系统,对系统功耗进行了分析计算.对该监测系统进行了实际通信测试和功能计算.结果表明,本设计满足了桥隧贯通地线实时、长期防盗监测的要求.     

铁路四电工程设计信息模型分类与编码研究

BIM技术在铁路工程中逐渐应用,需要铁路工程设计信息模型分类与编码标准的支撑。通过研究国内外信息分类与编码,结合铁路四电工程特点,提出铁路四电工程设计信息模型分类与编码的基本理论与体系,以满足BIM技术及铁路工程全生命周期项目管理的需求,为BIM技术在铁路四电工程的应用奠定基础。     

综合运输系统的智能化困惑

整合公共和私人交通部门的各种交通方式和交通信息，对于规划人员发展区域和地区内容货物流通的智能化非常重要。建立综合运输系统正如经济发展的艺术告诉我们，需要根据时间、空间、联系建立不同企业之间的“产业链”。文章概要地介绍了综合运输系统以及ITS技术在提高运输效率方面的作用。同时，文章也介绍了ITS应用于综合运输的几个方面，指出了ITS蓬勃发展背后的困境，例举了ITs有效利用于综合运输系统的实例。     

基于小型圆阵的AUV方向定位算法的研究

水下小型无人系统AUV在海洋探测中起着重要，实现其精准定位与打捞有利于促进海洋经济的发展。传统的具有较高定位精度的装置如长基线等不方便装载与布置，定位效率不高。本文提出一种基于小型圆阵的AUV方向定位算法，被定位的AUV搭载声源，装载在船上的定位系统，采用半径为0.125m的水听器圆阵列，阵元个数为4，水听器阵列接收的信号通过多通道前端处理电路被采集，对每个阵元接收到的信号利用希尔伯特变换相位检测方法检测出各信号的相位恢复无幅度和相位失真的信号，然后使用具有超指向性的反卷积波束形成算法实现AUV方向的准确估计。水池实验表明，小型圆阵系统的相位反卷积波束形成定位算法精度高，定位平均误差为0.233°，主瓣宽度窄，波束平均宽度3.97°。便于装载，相比MUSIC算法具有更好的定位效果。     

Climate change modeling and the weather-related road accidents in Canada

The objective of this research is to study the impact of climate change on the hazardous weather-related road accidents in the New Brunswick, Canada. We develop an Exposure to Weather-Accident Severity (EWAS) index multiplying accident and weather severity. The Negative Binomial Regression and Poisson regression models are applied to estimate the spatial–temporal relationship between the EWAS index and weather-related explanatory variables of road accidents. The regression results show that the surface-weather condition, weather, driver’s gender, weather-driver’s age, weather-driver’s experience, and weather-vehicle’s age have strong positive correlation with the EWAS index, while the surface-road alignment and surface-road characteristics have negative relationship with the EWAS index. The climate change model also indicates that the number of accidents declines during snowy and freezing days—most people stay at home and those who travel extra cautious—accidents do occur. The study suggests that the Road Safety Strategy 2015 of the Transport Canada should take a holistic approach to help minimize the incidences of severe road accident during the normal as well as hazardous weather conditions.