Maritime logistics as an emerging discipline

The evolution of maritime logistics as an emerging discipline has resulted, to a large extent, from the increasing and varied demands of shippers and customers and the rapidly changing role of ports in the context of supply and logistics chains. Scholars are becoming increasingly aware of the need to integrate logistics and supply chain management concepts in the maritime transportation chain and operations. This article aims to provide a review and foundation for understanding the domain of maritime logistics and to assess its potential as an emerging discipline. To do so, a framework for understanding the various aspects of maritime logistics strategy and implementation is developed. A synthesis of the existing knowledge on maritime logistics is done by integrating diverse explorations forming the basis of this framework. We draw upon the literature on maritime transport and ports and primarily theliterature that analyses concepts by adopting an economic or management perspective.     

机场应急救援体系构建的探析——哈德逊河成功迫降案例引起的思考

机场作为航空运输和城市的基础设施,是综合交通运输体系的重要组成部门。机场应急救援体系是机场安全管理的重要组成部分,也是民航安全管理的重要构成,其质量直接关系到整个航空系统的安全。文中概述了哈德逊河迫降的经过,分析哈德逊河迫降的成功之处,提出在构建机场应急救援体系中的建议。     

High-speed rail's potential for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from short haul aviation: a longitudinal study of modal substitution from an energy generation and renewable energy perspective

Abstract

This paper quantifies and evaluates, utilising a ‘bottom-up’ approach, the effect on CO₂ emissions of a modal shift from short-haul air travel to high-speed rail (HSR), based on projected passenger movements, between Sydney and Melbourne, Australia during the period 2010–2030. To date, peer-reviewed studies assessing the CO₂ emissions from these competing modes of high-speed transportation have been restricted principally to a cross-sectional assessment, with a Eurocentric bias. This present comparative study seeks to address a gap in the literature by assessing, longitudinally, the CO₂ emissions associated with the proposed operation of HSR against the ‘business-as-usual’ air scenario between Sydney and Melbourne. Under the assumed 50/50 modal shift, and the Australian government's current renewable electricity target, an annual reduction in CO₂ emissions of approximately 14% could be achieved when compared with a ‘business-as-usual’ air scenario. This percentage reduction represents a 62 kt reduction in base year, 2010, and a 114 kt reduction in the final year, 2030. In total, the overall reduction achieved by such a modal shift, under the assumed conditions, during the period 2010–2030, equates to approximately 1.87 Mt of CO₂. Importantly, if the electrical energy supply for HSR operations was further ‘decarbonised’, then it follows that a greater emission reduction would be achieved.     

A simulation of transit bus emissions along an urban corridor: Evaluating changes under various service improvement strategies

This study investigates the impacts of transit improvement strategies on bus emissions along a busy corridor in Montreal, Canada. The local transit provider, Société de Transport de Montréal, has implemented a number of strategies which include the use of smart cards, limited-stop (express bus) service, and reserved bus lanes along this corridor. Using data collected on-board for instantaneous speeds and stop-level ridership, we estimated bus emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants at three levels: road segment, bus-stop, and per passenger. A regression of segment-level emissions against a number of explanatory variables reveals that reserved bus lanes and express bus service reduce emissions significantly. On the other hand, smart card use reduces idling emissions compared to other fare payment methods. Our findings are of most relevance for transit planners who are seeking to implement different strategies to reduce emissions and improve transit performance.     

一种基于社交网络的民航新旅客成长性预测方法

对于一个高效的客户关系管理系统而言,预测客户成长性是必不可少的环节．本文尝试根据新旅客的短期历史出行数据对其未来价值成长性进行预测．为了克服新旅客历史出行记录稀少而导致无法准确预测的缺陷,提出了一种基于旅客社交网络的预测方法．首先根据旅客历史出行记录构建旅客同行网络;然后分另lj从旅客个体和旅客关系的角度构建多种分类特征,用来进行旅客成长性预测;最后提出了一种结合个体预测与关系预测的组合预测模型,以达到准确预测的目的．在某航空公司的真实数据集上进行实验,证明了本文提出的方法对民航新旅客未来价值成长性的推断是有效的．     

CORS技术在油田用地变更调查中的应用

结合大庆市油田用地变更调查实际,阐述CORS技术的发展及应用现状,重点介绍在油田用地变更调查中应用CORS系统的实际经验,分析CORS技术在油田土地管理应用中的特点,并对其测量精度进行评价。     

航行工况下自升式风车安装船强度直接计算研究

自升自航式风车安装船为海洋工程专业特种船舶,在风机运输,安装中有很高的实际利用价值。采用直接计算法,对航行工况下自升自航式风电安装船的总强度进行评估。建立了船体和桩腿的有限元建模,基于三维势流理论对波浪垂直弯矩进行长期预报,得到风车安装船在典型装载工况下的设计波参数,将船舶在设计波中的重力、静水压力、水动压力、惯性力等施加到模型上进行直接强度分析,对航行工况下船体和桩腿的强度进行了校核。本文的计算方法及结果可为自升自航式风车安装船的整体强度评估、船体结构优化提供有效依据,并且对同类工程船的设计开发具有指导意义。     

加强我军空中战略投送能力建设研究

针对我军空中战略投送能力薄弱的问题,结合我国国情、军情,研究提出了建立健全快速动员机制、增强民用运输机的军事适用性、发展军用运输机和创新战略投送模式等建议,可为我军空中战略投送能力建设提供参考。     

重载铁路调度集中系统的研究

分散自律调度集中系统是将列车运行调整计划下传到各个车站自律机中自主自动执行;在列车运行调整计划的基础上,解决列车作业与调车作业在时间与空间上的冲突,实现列车和调车作业的统一控制.在重裁铁路上实施调度集中要解决重载运输干线上高密度列车运行条件下列车进路的自动排列.并对调车作业和列车作业进行冲突检测和调整.给出了重载铁路分散自律调度集中系统的整体结构,详细研究了针对重载运输组织的系统功能和特点.对重载运输铁路调度集中具有借鉴和示范作用.     

机动车尾气污染对居民出行选择的影响

机动车尾气排放造成的空气污染对人体健康的危害逐渐被医学界证实。城市居民选择交通工具以及出行路线时,道路机动车尾气污染会影响其选择行为。文中通过居民出行问卷调查证实部分出行者会采取规避行为降低机动车尾气污染对个人健康的危害,建立表征出行者与污染气体接触程度的曝露指数模型,通过数据拟合建立增量时间转化模型,以出行时间增加值的形式定量得到机动车尾气污染对居民出行的影响程度,对离散选择模型的效用函数进行了修正,并给出了算例。